Gilbert de Clare

1243 - 1295  (52 years)

• Name	Gilbert de Clare  [1]
  Birth	2 Sep 1243	Christchurch, Hampshire, England   [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
  Gender	Male
  Death	7 Dec 1295	Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales   [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
  Alternate death	1299  [10]
  Burial	Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England   [4, 6, 11]
  Person ID	I236	Ancestry of PNH, TNH, and others | Ancestor of AP, Ancestor of DDB, Ancestor of DGH, Ancestor of DK, Ancestor of EK, Ancestor of JTS, Ancestor of LD, Ancestor of LMW, Ancestor of TNH
  Last Modified	16 Nov 2020

  
  

  Father	Richard de Clare,   b. 4 Aug 1222, of Clare, Suffolk, England d. Jul 1262, Ashenfield, Waltham, Kent, England (Age 39 years)
  Mother	Maud de Lacy   d. Bef 10 Mar 1289
  Marriage	Abt 25 Jan 1238  [4, 5, 6, 11]
  Family ID	F2421	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	Alice de Lusignan,   b. Aft Oct 1236, of Angoulême, Aquitaine, France d. May 1290 (Age < 53 years)
  Marriage	1253  [6, 12]
  Annulled	1285  [6, 12]
  Family ID	F54	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	5 Mar 2017

  
  

  Family 2	Joan of Acre,   b. 1272, Acre, Palestine d. 23 Apr 1307, Clare, Suffolk, England (Age 35 years)
  Marriage	May 1290	Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England   [2, 13]
  Notes	Royal Ancestry gives the date of their marriage as 23 April 1290; Complete Peerage as 30 April; the ODNB as "early May."
  Children	+ 1. Margaret de Clare,   b. Abt 1292, Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales d. 9 Apr 1342 (Age ~ 50 years) + 2. Eleanor de Clare,   b. Oct 1292, Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales d. 30 Jun 1337 (Age ~ 44 years) + 3. Elizabeth de Clare,   b. Nov 1295, Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales d. 4 Nov 1360 (Age ~ 64 years)
  Family ID	F6425	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	7 May 2020

  
  

• Notes

  Called "Red Gilbert" and "The Red Earl". Earl of Gloucester. Earl of Hertford. Steward of St. Edmund's Abbey. Held, among many other manors and lordships, the lordship of Glamorgan, one of the most wealthy holdings in the Welsh Marches. Built Caerphilly Castle. A turbulent figure who fought on both sides of the Second Barons' War of 1263-64, first alongside Simon de Montfort at the battle of Lewes (where according to some accounts he personally took Henry III prisoner), and then on the side of the king, commanding one of the royal divisions at the decisive battle of Evesham where de Montfort was killed. His subsequent relationships with Henry III and Edward I were complex and fraught. As one of the two or three most powerful non-royal individuals in the realm, he was both a desirable ally and also the very model of the kind of overweening subject that Edward was determined to tame -- and ultimately did. As a side note, it is worth noting that while de Clare was still allied to the baronial party, he led the massacre of the Jews at Canterbury, which took place while other rebel leaders were conducting similar massacres in London. Ian Stone writes in "The Rebel Barons of 1264 and the Commune of London," quoted here: "The Dunstable annals report rumours that the Jews of London were preparing to betray the citizens: they had Greek fire to burn the city, copies of the keys to the city gates, and subterranean passages to each gate. Such tales were used to excuse an outbreak of looting and murder. One chronicler says that the Jews were suspected of betraying the barons and citizens, and almost all were killed. Another says that the Jewish quarter was pillaged, and any Jews who were caught were stripped, robbed and murdered. Estimates of the number killed range from 200 to 500, with the remainder forcibly converted or imprisoned (or, looking at it another way, the rest were saved by the justices and the mayor, who sent them to the Tower for protection). The chronicler Wykes, who tended to be less favourable to the baronial party, singled out the baronial leader John fitz John, who was said to have killed the leading Jew, Kok son of Abraham, with his own hands, and seized his treasure. Fitz John was then forced to share the proceeds with Simon de Montfort. It is possible that de Montfort was taking the Jewish treasure, not to enrich himself, but to finance his forces. At the same time, the cash of Italian and French merchants, deposited in religious houses around London, was also seized and taken to the city."

  
  

• Sources

  [S858] Szabolcs de Vajay, "From Alfonso VII to Alfonso X: The First Two Centuries of the Burgundian Dynasty in Castile and Leon -- A Prosopographical Catalogue in Social Genealogy, 1100-1300." Studies in Genealogy and Family History in Tribute to Charles Evans on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday ed. Lindsay L. Brook. Salt Lake City: Association for the Promotion of Scholarship in Genealogy, 1989. [S76] The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press, 2004-ongoing. [S128] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant ed. Vicary Gibbs, H. A. Doubleday, Duncan Warrand, Howard de Walden, Geoffrey H. White and R. S. Lea. 2nd edition. 14 volumes (1-13, but volume 12 spanned two books), London, The St. Catherine Press, 1910-1959. Volume 14, "Addenda & Corrigenda," ed. Peter W. Hammond, Gloucestershire, Sutton Publishing, 1998., date only. [S142] Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families by Douglas Richardson. Salt Lake City, 2013. [S145] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr. 8th edition, William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, eds. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2004, 2006, 2008. [S1016] Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell by Carl Boyer III. Santa Clarita, California, 2001. [S1526] The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, Wife of Reverend John Owsley, Generations 1-15, Fourth Preliminary Edition, by Ronny O. Bodine and Bro. Thomas Spalding, Jr. 2013. [S4124] James L. Hansen, "The Ancestry of Joan Legard, Grandmother of the Rev. William1 Skepper/Skipper of Boston, Massachusetts." The American Genealogist 69:129, Jul 1994. [S4969] Douglas Richardson, "A Royal Ancestry for Mary (Cooke) Talcott of Hartford, Connecticut." The New England Historical and Genealogical Register 148:225, 1994., year only. [S4969] Douglas Richardson, "A Royal Ancestry for Mary (Cooke) Talcott of Hartford, Connecticut." The New England Historical and Genealogical Register 148:225, 1994. [S128] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant ed. Vicary Gibbs, H. A. Doubleday, Duncan Warrand, Howard de Walden, Geoffrey H. White and R. S. Lea. 2nd edition. 14 volumes (1-13, but volume 12 spanned two books), London, The St. Catherine Press, 1910-1959. Volume 14, "Addenda & Corrigenda," ed. Peter W. Hammond, Gloucestershire, Sutton Publishing, 1998. [S160] Wikipedia. [S4124] James L. Hansen, "The Ancestry of Joan Legard, Grandmother of the Rev. William1 Skepper/Skipper of Boston, Massachusetts." The American Genealogist 69:129, Jul 1994., "ca. 30 Apr 1290".