Robert Tyrwhit

- 1427

• Name	Robert Tyrwhit  [1, 2]
  Birth	of Kettleby, Lincolnshire, England   [3, 4]
  Gender	Male
  Death	6 Jan 1427  [3]
  Alternate death	6 Jan 1428  [5]
  Burial	Chancel of Bigby church, Lincolnshire   [4, 5]
  Person ID	I525	Ancestry of PNH, TNH, and others | Ancestor of DGH, Ancestor of DK, Ancestor of TNH, Ancestor of TSW, Ancestor of UKL
  Last Modified	10 Jun 2017

  
  

  Father	William Tyrwhit,   b. of Kettleby, Lincolnshire, England
  Mother	(Unknown) Grovel,   b. of Harpswell, Lincolnshire, England
  Family ID	F5077	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Isabell Kelke,   b. of Barnetby-le-Wold, Lincolnshire, England
  Children	+ 1. Katherine Tyrwhit + 2. William Tyrwhit,   b. Abt 1390   d. 1450 (Age ~ 60 years)
  Family ID	F1789	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	13 Apr 2021

  
  

• Notes

  Justice of the King's Bench from 1408 to his death. "The Tirwhits owed much of their importance in Lincolnshire to the successful career of Robert Tirwhit, the distinguished lawyer, who became a King’s serjeant in 1399 and a justice of the king's bench nine years later, being also then retained as a councillor for the duchy of Lancaster." [History of Parliament] From the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: He was brought up to the law, and appears in chancery records as a JP and commissioner in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire from the early 1390s. He was created a serjeant-at-law in the 'call' of serjeants in 1396 and was appointed a king's serjeant in 1398. From 1398 to 1411 he acted as a justice of assize on the midland circuit. On 9 October 1398 he was one of those who were given power of attorney by Henry, earl of Derby (afterwards Henry IV), on his banishment, and he was also a member of the council of the duchy of Lancaster. On Henry's accession in 1399 Tyrwhitt was reappointed king's serjeant, and in 1403 was required to lend the king £100 to enable him to resist the Welsh and Scottish rebels. As a serjeant, Tyrwhitt was retained by many magnates and institutions, including John, duke of Lancaster, Richard Beauchamp, earl of Warwick, the towns of Beverley and Grimsby, the dean and chapter of Lincoln, and Selby Abbey. On 4 May 1408 he was appointed a justice of king's bench and knighted. From January 1410 until his death he acted as a trier of petitions in parliament. In 1411 a dispute broke out between Tyrwhitt and the tenants of William, Lord Ros of Helmsley, about a right of pasture at Melton Ross, near Wrawby, Lincolnshire. It was agreed to submit the quarrel to the arbitration of Sir William Gascoigne (d. 1419) at Melton Ross; but on the day appointed Tyrwhitt, in spite of his judicial position, appeared at the head of 500 armed men, denied that he had ever agreed to arbitrate, and drove off Lord Ros's adherents. Tyrwhitt was summoned before parliament, where he was made to accept the award of arbitrators nominated by Ros, who determined that he should publicly apologize to Ros, and provide two fat oxen, two tuns of Gascon wine, and twelve fat sheep for consumption by the latter's tenants. Tyrwhitt nevertheless retained his position on the bench. He was, however, transferred as justice of assize from the midland circuit (which included Lincolnshire) to the northern circuit in 1412, possibly as a result of the Ros dispute. At the accession of Henry V and Henry VI he was reappointed justice of king's bench, an office he retained until his death.

  
  

• Sources

  [S59] Maddison's Lincolnshire Pedigrees ed. A. R. Maddison, based on the work of Arthur Staunton Larken. London, 1902-06. [S1371] "H.N.C.", "Procession of St. John of Beverly, and Notices of Sir Marmaduke Constable, and of the Tyrwhitt Family." The Gentleman's Magazine, February 1835, page 150. [S47] The History of Parliament. Some citations point to entries from the printed volumes not yet added to the online site. [S439] Notices and Remains of the Family of Tyrwhitt by Robert Philip Tyrwhitt (as "R.P.T."). 1862. [S76] The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press, 2004-ongoing.