Thomas of Lancaster

Notes:

Beheaded in his own manor for rebelling against Edward II.

Family/Spouse: Alice Lacy. Alice (daughter of Henry Lacy and Margaret de Longespée) was born on 25 Dec 1281; died on 1 Oct 1348. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Leicester; Earl of Lancaster; Earl of Derby. Steward of England 1265; Keeper of the Isle of Lundy 1266; Warden of Sherborne Castle 1267; Lieutenant of Pothieu 1291; Lieutenant of Gascony 1296.

Nearly King of Sicily.

Summoned to Parliament by writ 24 Jun 1295; definitely far from the most interesting thing that ever happened to him.

From Wikipedia (as of 5 Dec 2023):

Edmund, 1st Earl of Lancaster (16 January 1245 – 5 June 1296), also known by his epithet Edmund Crouchback, was a member of the royal Plantagenet Dynasty and the founder of the first House of Lancaster. He was Earl of Leicester (1265–1296), Lancaster (1267–1296) and Derby (1269–1296) in England, and Count Palatine of Champagne (1276–1284) in France.

Named after the 9th-century saint, Edmund was the second surviving son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence and the younger brother of King Edward I of England, to whom he was loyal as a diplomat and warrior. In 1254, the 9-year-old Edmund became involved in the "Sicilian business", in which his father accepted a papal offer granting the Kingdom of Sicily to Edmund, who made preparations to become king. However, Henry III could not provide funds for the operation, prompting the Papacy to withdraw the grant and give it to Edmund's uncle, Charles I of Anjou. The "Sicilian business" outraged the barons led by the Earl of Leicester and Edmund's uncle, Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, and was cited as one of the reasons for limiting Henry's power. Deterioration of relations between the barons and the king resulted in the Second Barons' War, in which the royal government, supported by Edmund, triumphed over the baronage following the death of Montfort in the Battle of Evesham in 1265.

Edmund received the lands and titles of Montfort and the defeated barons Nicholas Segrave, 1st Baron Segrave and Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby, and became Earl of Lancaster, Leicester and Derby. Primarily known as the earl of the first county, he eventually became the most powerful baron of England. Later, Edmund accompanied his elder brother Edward on his crusade in the Holy Land, where his epithet "Crouchback" originated from a corruption of 'cross back', referring to him wearing a stitched cross on his garments. Following the death of his first wife, Aveline de Forz, Edmund's aunt and Dowager Queen of France Margaret of Provence arranged his second marriage to Blanche of Artois, the recently widowed Queen Dowager of Navarre and the Countess of Champagne. With his second wife Blanche, Edmund governed Champagne as count palatine in the name of his stepdaughter Joan until she came of age. Edmund was active in supporting his family members, such as assisting Edward in conquering Wales, advocating for the claims of his aunt Margaret against his uncle Charles I of Anjou in his mother and aunt's homeland of Provence and managing Ponthieu on behalf of his sister-in-law, Eleanor of Castile.

When Edmund's stepson-in-law, King Philip IV of France, demanded Edward, who was also his vassal through Gascony, to come to Paris to answer charges of damages caused by English mariners in 1293, Edward sent Edmund to mediate the crisis to avert war. Edmund negotiated an agreement with Philip where France would occupy Gascony for 40 days, and Edward would marry Philip's half-sister, Margaret. When the 40 days were over, Philip tricked Edward and Edmund by refusing to relinquish control over Gascony, calling Edward to again answer for his charges. Edmund and Edward then renounced their homages to Philip and prepared for war against France. Edmund sailed for Gascony with his army and besieged the city of Bordeaux. Unable to pay his troops, Edmund was deserted by his army and retreated to Bayonne, where he died from illness in 1296. Edmund's body was brought back to England, where he was buried in Westminster Abbey in 1301.

Edmund married Blanche of Artois on 18 Jan 1276 in Paris, France. Blanche (daughter of Robert of France and Mahaut of Brabant) was born about 1248; died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, France; was buried in Church of the Cordeliers, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Her heart was buried in the choir of the conventual church of the Minoresses at Nogent-l'Artaud." [Royal Ancestry]

Henry married Eleanor of Provence, Queen Consort of England on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England; was buried in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 25 Jun 1291, Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England

Notes:

"She was buried on 11 September 1291 in the Abbey of St Mary and St Melor, Amesbury on 9 December. The exact site of her grave at the abbey is unknown making her the only English queen without a marked grave. Her heart was taken to London where it was buried at the Franciscan priory." [Wikipedia]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 7 Feb 1250, Mansourah, Egypt

Notes:

Called "the Good." First Count of Artois.

"Robert died while leading a reckless attack on Al Mansurah, without the knowledge of his brother King Louis IX. He and the Templars accompanying the expedition charged into the town and became trapped in the narrow streets. According to Jean de Joinville, he defended himself for some time in a house there, but was at last overpowered and killed. In Egypt it is believed that Sultan Qutuz killed him, although it is more likely that an anonymous soldier did so." [Wikipedia]

Robert married Mahaut of Brabant on 14 Jun 1237. Mahaut (daughter of Henri II of Brabant and Maria von Hohenstaufen) was born about 1224; died on 29 Sep 1288; was buried in Cercamp Abbey, Artois, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 29 Oct 1288

Notes:

Also called Mathilde of Brabant.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1167

Notes:

Nicknamed "Lackland".

"With regard to the birthdate of John, there have been disagreements as to the exact date and year, because of discrepancies in the sources. This was recently discussed in detail in Lewis (2002), where the conclusion was reached that 1166 was more likely than 1167. A statement in the early thirteenth century that John received that name because he was born about the time of the feast of St. John (27 December) would, if true, indicate that date as a plausible date of birth [Ex chronico anonymi canonici, ut videtur, Laudensis, RHF 13, 678-9]. However, that source only indicates a birth on about that date ('circa festum S. Johannis natus fuit'), not on it." [Stewart Baldwin, The Henry Project]

For at least part of his upbringing, he was raised in the remarkable household of his father Henry II's justiciar Ranulph de Glanville, along with, among others, the Walter brothers, nephews of Glanville's wife Bertha de Valognes. Theobald Walter would become, under John, chief butler of England and Ireland and the founder of enduring lordships in Munster and Leinster. Hubert Walter would become archbishop of Canterbury, Ranulph de Glanville's successor as justiciar of England, and then, in John's kingship, chancellor of England. Also raised and educated in the same household was Geoffrey fitz Peter, who would become John's justiciar.

John married Isabel of Angoulême, Queen Consort of England on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Isabel (daughter of Adémar and Alix de Courtenay) died on 31 May 1246; was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Jun 1246
• Alternate death: 4 Jun 1246, Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France

Notes:

Countess of Angoulême. Crowned Queen of England on 8 Oct 1200.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1198

Notes:

Count of Provence & Forcalquier, 1209-45.

Raymond married Beatrice of Savoy on 5 Dec 1220. Beatrice (daughter of Tomaso I and Margaret of Geneva) died in Dec 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 5 Sep 1187, Paris, France
• Alternate death: 9 Nov 1226, Castle of Montpensier, Puy-de-Dôme, France

Notes:

Nicknamed "le Lion". Pretender to the throne of England, 1216-17.

Louis married Blanche of Castile, Queen Consort of France on 23 May 1200 in Church of Port-Mort, Eure, Normandy, France. Blanche (daughter of Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, Toledo, and Extramadura and Eleanor of England) was born before 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, Castile, Spain; died on 26 Nov 1252 in Paris, France; was buried in Maubuisson Abbey near Pontoise, near Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 4 Mar 1188, Palencia, Castile, Spain
• Alternate death: 27 Nov 1252, Paris, France

Notes:

Also called Blanca.

Notes:

Duke of Lorraine and Brabant. Called "Magnanimus."

Henri married Maria von Hohenstaufen on 22 Aug 1215. Maria (daughter of Philip II, King of Germany and Irene Angelina) was born about 1201; died in 1235. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1240

Notes:

Also called Mary of Swabia.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 4 Mar 1133, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France

Notes:

Also called Henry Fitz Empress; Henry Fitz Geoffrey.

Henry married Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France; Queen Consort of England on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Eleanor (daughter of William X of Aquitaine and Aénor de Châtellerault) was born in 1122; died on 1 Apr 1204; was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1124
• Alternate death: 31 Mar 1204, Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France

Notes:

Also called Alienor, Helienordis. Duchess of Aquitaine.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 16 Jun 1202, Limoges, Haut-Vienne, France
• Alternate death: 1218, Limoges, Haut-Vienne, France

Notes:

Count of Angoulême.

Also called Aymer; Adhemar; Adomar. Also called "Taillefer."

Adémar married Alix de Courtenay before 1191. Alix (daughter of Pierre of France and Elisabeth de Courtenay) was born about 1160; died about 1218. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Aalis, Aalez, Alaidis, Adelaidis.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 11 Sep 1209 and 30 Nov 1209, Palermo, Sicily

Notes:

Count of Provence.

Alfonso married Garsenda of Sabran in 1193. Garsenda (daughter of Rainou de Sabran dit du Cayler and Garsenda of Forcalquier) was born about 1180. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Garsenda of Forcalquier, Gersenda of Sabran, Garsenda de Proensa, Garsenda de Proença.

From Wikipedia (accessed 25 July 2021): She "was the Countess of Provence as the wife of Alfonso II from 1193 and the Countess of Forcalquier in her own right from 1209. She brought Forcalquier to the House of Barcelona and united it to Provence. She was also a patron of Occitan literature, especially the troubadours, and herself wrote some lyric poetry and is counted among the trobairitz as Garsenda de Proensa. She was, in the words of her most recent editors, 'one of the most powerful women in Occitan history'."

She retired to the monastery of La Celle in the mid-1220s, but in 1242 she visited her newborn great-granddaughter Beatrice of England and Beatrice's parents, granddaughter Eleanor of Provence and her husband King Henry III of England, in Bordeaux. Henry was pursuing a war in France at that time and Garsenda brought 60 knights to his service. Her date of death is unknown, but she may have lived as late as 1257.

Matt Baker of usefulcharts.com has pointed out that if this Garsenda were to be regarded as the founder of a matrilineal dynasty, and if that dynasty operated by rules paralleling that of patrilineal dynasties (i.e., male descendants are only considered members of the House if their mother was a member; having a grandmother as a member doesn't convey membership in the House), then the putative "House of Garsenda" would be the greatest royal dynasty in the history of Europe, containing within itself:

6 Queens Regnant
38 Queens Consort
27 Kings
7 Holy Roman Emperors
5 Holy Roman Empresses
3 Empresses Consort
1 Prince Consort (Prince Philip of Great Britain)
1 Kaiser (Wilhelm II)
1 Empress Regnant (Catherine the Great)
1 queen mother (Helene of Romania)

Video: Europe's Hidden Matrilineal Dynasty: House of Garsenda. Chart here.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1178, Aiguebelle, Savoy
• Alternate birth: 20 May 1178
• Alternate death: 1 Mar 1233, Moncalieri, Piedmont, Italy

Notes:

Count of Savoy. He was named after Thomas Becket.

Tomaso married Margaret of Geneva in May 1195. Margaret (daughter of William I of Geneva and Beatrice de Faucigny) died on 13 Apr 1236. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1256
• Alternate death: 8 Sep 1257

Notes:

Also called Beatrice of Geneva.

Philippe married Isabella of Flanders, Queen Consort of France on 28 Apr 1180 in Abbey of Saint-Trinité, Bapaume, Pas-de-Calais, France. Isabella (daughter of Baldwin V of Flanders and Marguerite of Lorraine) was born on 23 Apr 1170 in Valenciennes, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; died on 15 Mar 1190 in Paris, France; was buried in Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Isabella of Hainaut.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 5 Oct 1214, Gutiérre Muños, Arévalo, Spain
• Alternate death: 6 Oct 1214, Gutiérre Muños, Arévalo, Spain

Notes:

Also Lord of Gascony. "Defeated by the Moorish Almohad invaders in 1195, but defeated a combined army of the kings of Leon and Navarre the same year. Won a great victory over the Moors at Navas de Tolosa, 1212." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, which gives the date of his marriage to Eleanor as September 1177, unlike other sources which date it to September 1170.]

Alfonso married Eleanor of England in Sep 1170 in Burgos, Castile, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of Henry II, King of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France; Queen Consort of England) was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy, France; died on 21 Sep 1214; was buried in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1161 and 1162
• Alternate birth: 1161
• Alternate death: 25 Oct 1214, Burgos, Castile, Spain

Notes:

Also called Leonor.

"Of all Eleanor of Aquitaine's daughters, her namesake was the only one who was enabled, by political circumstances, to wield the kind of influence her mother had exercised. In her own marriage treaty, and in the first marriage treaty for her daughter Berengaria, Eleanor was given direct control of many lands, towns, and castles throughout the kingdom. She was almost as powerful as Alfonso, who specified in his will in 1204 that she was to rule alongside their son in the event of his death, including taking responsibility for paying his debts and executing his will. It was she who persuaded him to marry their daughter Berengaria to Alfonso IX of León. Troubadours and sages were regularly present in Alfonso VIII's court due to Eleanor's patronage." [Wikipedia]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1165
• Alternate death: Abt 3 Sep 1235, Koln, Germany

Notes:

Duke of Lorraine and Barbant. Margrave of Antwerp.

Henri married Machtild of Boulogne in 1179. Machtild (daughter of Mathieu of Flanders and Marie of England) was born about 1169; died between 1210 and 1211; was buried in Afflighem Abbey, Brabant, Belgium. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 5 Aug 1224

Notes:

Also called Mahaud; Maud; Mathilde d'Alsace; Mathilde of Flanders.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Feb-Mar 1177, Pavia, Lombardy, Italy
• Alternate birth: 1181

Notes:

Phillip of Hohenstaufen, Duke Of Swabia, "King of the Romans". Was never formally made Holy Roman Emperor.

Murdered by Otto of Wittelsbach.

Philip married Irene Angelina on 25 May 1197. Irene (daughter of Isaac II Angelos, Emperor of Byzantium and (First wife of Isaac II Angelos)) was born about 1181 in Constantinople; died on 27 Aug 1208 in Hohenstaufen Castle, Bavaria. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Eirene-Maria of Byzantium.

Notes:

Count of Anjou.

Also called Geoffrey Plantagenet; Geoffrey "le Bel".

Royal Ancestry, Wikipedia, and most notably the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography all say he married the Empress Matilda in Le Mans. The Henry Project says the wedding took place in Worcester, citing L. C. Bethemann, ed., Roberti de Monte Chronica (a continuation by Robert de Torigni of the chronicle of Sigebert de Gembloux).

Geoffrey married Maud "The Empress" on 22 May 1128 in Le Mans Cathedral, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France. Maud (daughter of Henry I, King of England and Matilda of Scotland, Queen Consort of England) was born about 8 Feb 1102 in London, England; died on 10 Sep 1167 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France; was buried in Abbey of Bec, Eure, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1104

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 28 Mar 1136, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
• Alternate death: 9 Apr 1137

Notes:

Called "The Saint." Duke of Aquitaine. Also, as William VIII, Count of Poitou. Also Duke of Gascony.

William married Aénor de Châtellerault in 1121. Aénor (daughter of Aimery I of Chátellerault and Dangereuse) died after 3 Mar 1130. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft Mar 1130

Notes:

Also called Eleanor; Aénor de Rochefoucauld.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 7 Aug 1179

Notes:

Count of Angoulême. Also called William Taillefer IV.

William married Marguerite de Turenne about 1147. Marguerite (daughter of Raymond I and Mathilde du Perche) died after 1201. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1125
• Alternate birth: Abt 1126

Notes:

Also called Peter de Courtenay. Count of Montargis and Courtenay.

Accompanied his brothers, King Louis VII and Robert, on the Second Crusade, where he fought in the siege of Damascus.

Went on crusade a second time in 1179, and died in Palestine on a 10th of March in 1180, 1181, 1182, or 1183.

Pierre married Elisabeth de Courtenay after 1150. Elisabeth (daughter of Renaud de Courtenay) died after 1205. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called "the Chaste" (el Casto); also "the Troubador." By 1162, as his paternal heritage, Count and Marquess of Barcelona, Tortosa, and Lerida, and Count of Tarragona, Gerona, and Cordagne. By 1164, as his maternal heritage, King of Aragon, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza. In 1166, by devolution, Marquess of Provence.

Christened Ramón, he was called both Ramón and Alfonso from birth. When he took the united throne of Aragon and Barcelona, he took Alfonso as his single name as a gesture to the Aragonese.

The issue of his birth year was for a time confused due to the fact that his mother's eldest son, b. 1155, was actually christened Alfonso. This prior Alfonso died in 1162.

Szabolcs de Vajay (citation details below) has his birth as in 1157, before 25 March, in "Villamayor del Valle," a place we cannot locate.

Alfonso married Sancha of Castile on 18 Jan 1174 in Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain. Sancha (daughter of Alfonso VII, King of Leon and Castile and Richeza of Poland) was born on 21 Sep 1154 in Toledo, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; died on 9 Nov 1208 in Villanueva de Sigena, Huesca, Aragón, Spain; was buried in Monastery of Nuestra Señora, Sigena, Huesca, Aragón, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1155
• Alternate birth: 21 Sep 1155, Toledo, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
• Alternate birth: 1157

Notes:

Founded the Monastery of Nuestra Señora in 1188; became a nun there after her husband's death.

Notes:

Also called Rénier. Lord of Caylar and Ansouis. Mentioned 1155.

Rainou married Garsenda of Forcalquier about 1178. Garsenda (daughter of William IV of Forcalquier and Adelaida de Bézières) died before 1193. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Humbert. Count of Savoy, Maurienne, and Turin.

From Tom Major's "Saint of the Day" site:

March 4 -- Feast of Blessed Umberto III of Savoy

Humbert Humbert is the creepy stepfather narrating Nabokov's Lolita. He has a thing for young girls--nymphets, he calls them.

Humbert III had an opposite problem. He had a monastic vocation. Christopher Cope's The Lost Kingdom of Burgundy says that he "was disconsolate at being a prince and preferred the seclusion of the monastery." Unfortunately for him, he was the only son of Amadeus, Duke of Savoy. When Amadeus died, the thirteen-year-old Umberto was plunked on the throne, like it or not, shut up and put your crown back on, Your Grace.

The primary responsibility of any landed nobleman in the feudal age was to have a son, of course. This would mean that inheritance was clear and no wars for succession would be fought. There's nothing wrong with young Faidiva of Toulouse, Your Grace. Now do your duty and get into bed. Sadly, poor Faidiva died young. Eighteen-year-old Umberto, having done his best, entered a Carthusian monastery.

Not so fast, your Grace. Blood will run through the streets of Cambrai if you don't come back and get married again. Here's lovely Gertrude of Flanders. I know you two will hit it off. Oh my, it's getting late. Off to bed with the two of you.

They didn't 'hit it off.' In fact, Umberto divorced her and locked her up. Bishop Robert kindly let her out and sent her back to her brother, the Count of Flanders, but still there was no heir.

Your Grace, we know you haven't had much joy in marriage. No, we're not suggesting anything. We just think it is worth trying again. Third times a charm, they say. And take a look at Clementia of Zahringen! She's the divorced wife of Henry the Lion of Saxony. Now, now. You're divorced yourself, you know. And besides, she's got a track record. A son and two daughters by Henry. Not another word about it, Your Grace. Now get busy.

Clementia made a valiant effort, bearing two daughters before her death. Despondent over the loss of another wife, Henry thought about withdrawing to a monastery in grief but wiser heads prevailed.

The way of all flesh, Your Grace. Speaking of which, you yourself are not getting any younger, you know. You turned forty this year, sir, and we still don't have an heir. Have you met Beatrice of Viennois? Yes, she's thirty-eight, but there's plenty of child-bearing time left. Well, not plenty, but enough. If Your Grace gets the lead out.

Tommaso of Savoy was born in 1178. Saint Anthelm himself had blessed Umberto three times to help bring young Thomas (named for Thomas á Becket) into the world. Tommaso was about ten when Umberto, having founded the Monastery of Sant'Antonio di Ranverso, died.

When I read about Humbert's divorce and imprisonment of his ex-wife, I wondered how this guy got beatified. But on reflection, he plainly had a divine vocation, and he sacrificed that for the sake of temporal responsibilities. It might seem to be the opposite of Jesus' advice to the rich young ruler in Luke 18:18-27, but perhaps it is not. Maybe the act of sacrifice, whether one is giving up the riches of the palace or the austerity of the monastery, is what stores up treasure in the Kingdom of Heaven.

*****

Note that Umberto and his fourth wife Beatrice were second cousins once removed, as William "The Great" of Burgundy (d. 1087) was his great-grandfather and her great-great grandfather. Presumably a papal dispensation was obtained.

Umberto married Beatrice de Mâcon about 1175. Beatrice (daughter of Gerard I of Burgundy and Guyonne de Salins) died before 8 Apr 1230 in Champagne-et-Fontaine, Aquitaine, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Beatrix d'Ivrea de Vienne; Beatrice of Viennois.

Notes:

Count of Geneva.

William married Beatrice de Faucigny after 1172. Beatrice (daughter of Aymon I de Faucigny) died between 1174 and 1179. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1121
• Alternate death: 19 Sep 1180

Louis married Adèle of Blois, Queen Consort of France on 18 Oct 1160. Adèle (daughter of Thibaut IV of Blois, Champagne, and Troyes and Mathilde of Carinthia) was born about 1140; died on 4 Jun 1206 in Paris, France; was buried in Abbey of Pontigny, Yonne, Burgundy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 24 Jun 1206, Paris, France

Notes:

Also called Alix of Champagne.

Notes:

Count of Hainault and Flanders. Margrave of Namur.

Baldwin married Marguerite of Lorraine in Apr 1169. Marguerite (daughter of Thierri III of Lorraine and Sibyl of Anjou) was born between 1140 and 1145; died on 12 Nov 1194. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 17 Dec 1195

Notes:

Also called Marguerite of Flanders.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1135

Notes:

The Desired (el Deseado).

Sancho married Blanche of Navarre, Queen of Castile on 30 Jan 1151 in Calahorra, La Rioja, Spain. Blanche (daughter of Garcia VI Ramirez, King of Navarre and Marguerite de l'Aigle, Queen of Navarre) was born in 1137; died on 12 Aug 1156; was buried in Cathedral Santa Maria la Real, Najera, La Rioja, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1140
• Alternate death: 24 Jun 1158

Notes:

Also called Sancha.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 4 Mar 1133, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France

Notes:

Also called Henry Fitz Empress; Henry Fitz Geoffrey.

Henry married Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France; Queen Consort of England on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Eleanor (daughter of William X of Aquitaine and Aénor de Châtellerault) was born in 1122; died on 1 Apr 1204; was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1124
• Alternate death: 31 Mar 1204, Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France

Notes:

Also called Alienor, Helienordis. Duchess of Aquitaine.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1142
• Alternate death: 21 Aug 1190

Notes:

Count of Louvain. Duke of Lorraine. Duke of Brabant.

Godfrey married Margaret von Limburg in 1158. Margaret (daughter of Henry II of Limburg and Maud von Saffenberg) died in 1172. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1173

Notes:

Count of Boulogne. Also called Matthew d'Alsace.

Killed at the Siege of Driencourt.

Mathieu married Marie of England in 1160. Marie (daughter of Stephen of Blois, King Of England and Maud of Boulogne, Queen Consort of England) was born in 1136; died in 1182 in Monastery of Sainte-Austreberthe, Montreuil, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Mary of Blois. Abbess of Romsey; Countess of Boulogne.

Notes:

Drowned in the Saleph River (now known as the Göksu) while leading an army in the Third Crusade.

Frederick married Beatrice of Burgundy on 9 Jun 1156 in Würzburg, Germany. Beatrice (daughter of Renaud III of Burgundy and Agatha of Lorraine) was born about 1144; died on 15 Nov 1184 in Jouhe, Jura, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 15 Nov 1185

Notes:

Byzantine Emperor from 1185 to 1195, and again from 1203 to 1204.

"Isaac has the reputation as one of the most unsuccessful princes to occupy the Byzantine throne. Surrounded by a crowd of slaves, mistresses, and flatterers, he permitted his empire to be administered by unworthy favourites, while he squandered the money wrung from his provinces on costly buildings and expensive gifts to the churches of his metropolis. During his reign the Empire lost Lefkada, Kefallonia, and Zakynthos to the Normans in 1185. In the same year the Bulgarian Empire was restored after the rebellion of the brothers Asen and Peter, thus losing Moesia and parts of Thrace and Macedonia. After that Cilicia was retaken by the Armenians, and Cyprus wrested from the empire by the Franks." [Wikipedia]

Isaac married (First wife of Isaac II Angelos). (First (daughter of Demetrios Tornikes and (Unknown sister of Euthymios Malakes)) died before 1185. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

The origins of Isaac II Angelos's first wife are not known. She is frequently called "Irene", or some variant thereof, because her name is given as "Herina" in the necrology of Speyer Cathedral, where her son-in-law Phillip, Duke of Swabia and King of Germany, second husband of her daughter Irene Angelina (also called Eirene-Maria), is buried. But this is problematic because in this period of Byzantine history, it was a well-established custom that children were never given the names of her parents.

In this database we have followed, for her origins, the hypothesis set forth in "Eirene?, First Wife of Emperor Isaakios II Angelos, Is a Probable Tornikina and Gateway to Antiquity," by Don C. Stone and Charles R. Owens, citation details below, which puts forth the argument that "the first wife of Emperor Isaakios II Angelos was very likely a daughter of Demetrios Tornikes. We believe that our solution is the simplest way to accommodate all the evidence we have reviewed." Stone and Owens continue:

"We believe that the biographical information [...] provides additional support for this conclusion, showing, for example, political alliances that correlate with postulated family relationships. We noted that Demetrios Tornikes as judge of the velum opposed Andronikos Komnenos and almost paid for this resistance with death. The opposition of Isaakios Angelos, the future emperor, and his family to Andronikos Komnenos seems even more likely if the Angeloi were angered over Andronikos Komnenos' treatment of Demetrios Tornikes, father-in-law of Isaakios. Andronikos Komnenos' uncharacteristic lack of response to Angeloi opposition also seems more likely if Andronikos knew that Demetrios Tornikes was the father-in-law of Isaakios and understood the family's anger."