Colin Campbell

Notes:

1st Earl of Argyll. Called "Colin Mule" or "Colin Maol", Bold Earl Colin.

From Wikipedia (accessed 2 May 2021):

In 1453, when his father died, young Colin Campbell was placed in the custody of his uncle, Colin Campbell, 1st of Glenorchy, and succeeded his grandfather, Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell, to become 2nd Lord Campbell. In 1457, he was created Earl of Argyll by King James II of Scotland, who was grateful for the loyalty of his father during the troubles early in his reign. In 1460, Campbell had a commission as Bailie of Cowal.

His uncle Colin arranged his marriage with Isabella Stewart, daughter and co-heiress of John Stewart, Lord Lorne (d. 1463). Through this marriage, he received Castle Gloom (he would change the name of the castle to "Castle Campbell" in February 1490), and the neighboring estate in the parish of Dollar in Clackmannanshire. Castle Campbell then became the primary seat of the Earls and Dukes of Argyll for the next two centuries.

The exact date of the marriage is unknown, but in 1460, shortly after the boy-king, James III of Scotland, came to the throne, Campbell was called upon to intervene in a feud in his wife's family. Allan MacDougall (called Allan of Lorne of the Wood), desiring to hold the estates belonging to his elder brother, John Ker of Lorne, seized his brother and imprisoned him in a dungeon on the island of Kerrera, with the intention of starving him to death. Campbell appeared with a fleet of war galleys and completely defeated MacDougall, burning his fleet, killing most of his men, and restoring the elder brother to his rightful inheritance.

Colin Campbell was often sent on diplomatic missions, the first in 1463, when King James III sent him to negotiate a truce with King Edward IV of England. One of the main terms was that neither king would support the enemies of the other.

In 1464, Campbell was made master of the King's household. In 1465, he was appointed Lord Justiciary of Scotland, south of the Firth of Forth, a position he held in conjunction with Robert Boyd, 1st Lord Boyd, until Boyd fell out with the King and fled to England later in 1469, at which time, Campbell held the position alone. In 1466, he founded a chapel dedicated to St. Ninian at Dunure in Ayrshire.

As a result of his marriage with Isabel Stewart, Campbell acquired the title Lord Lorne in 1469, which had previously been held by his wife's uncle, John Stewart. In exchange for this title, Campbell gave Stewart other lands, and Stewart received the title Lord Innermeath. Having received the title Lord Lorne, Campbell took the symbol of the galley from the Lorne heraldry as part of his Achievement. In the event that he might never have a male heir, he entailed the lordship of Lorne to his uncle Colin; if his uncle were to die, to his other uncle, Duncan Campbell; then to Colin Campbell of Arduquholm and to the heirs male of his body, which failing, then to his brothers, Archibald and Robert. In 1471, he received the heritable offices of Justiciary and Sheriff of Lorne.

On 15 January 1472, King James III granted Dunoon Castle to Campbell and his heirs, with the power to appoint constables, porters, jailers, watermen, and other necessary offices. At the same time, he granted him the lands of Borland. On 20 February 1473, Campbell was made Justiciar, Chamberlain, Sheriff, and Bailie within the King's lordship of Cowal. Then on 8 May 1474, he received a charter to erect his town of Inverary into a burgh of barony.

In 1474, Campbell was again sent as a commissioner to treat with King Edward IV, regarding breaches of the truce. In the resulting pact, which was to endure until July 1483, a marriage was arranged between Prince James Stewart of Scotland (King James III's son) and Princess Cecily of England (King Edward IV's daughter), a match which did not come to pass due to continued hostilities between the two nations.

In 1475, when King James III was trying to subjugate John of Islay, Earl of Ross, Campbell was given a commission of lieutenancy to execute the forfeiture of the Earl of Ross' lands. In 1479, he was confirmed in the offices of Lieutenant and Commissary of Argyll, which had been held by his ancestors, Gillespic and Colin Campbell, since 1382.

Further favors came to the Earl of Argyll in 1480, when the King granted him 160 marklands of the lordship of Knapdale, including the keeping of Castle Sween, for one silver penny in blench farm, i.e., nominal rent. This property had formerly belonged to the Earl of Ross. Early in 1483, King James III appointed Campbell as Lord High Chancellor of Scotland and awarded him the lands of Pinkerton in the barony of Dunbar, probably for Campbell's loyalty to the King during the rebellion of Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus, which had led to the murder of some of King's favorites, after the confrontation at Lauder in 1482. These lands had previously been held by the King's brother, Prince Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany, who was in league with the Earl of Angus.

In 1484, Campbell was active in diplomatic campaigns. In July, he was sent as a commissioner to Paris to renew the "ancient league" between France and Scotland, a mission completed on 9 July. Then on 21 September, once King James III had gotten the upper hand against the rebels, he was part of the delegation who met with King Richard III of England at Nottingham to conclude peace, a treaty which was to run until September 1487. He was also appointed to periodically meet with the English at Berwick to determine whether or not the stipulations in the treaty were being followed. To strengthen the resolve of the parties and to keep the truce, a second marriage was arranged, between Prince James Stewart and Lady Ann de la Pole (1476–1495), daughter of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk, and a niece of King Richard III. This second marriage negotiation collapsed as a result of King Richard's defeat at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.

Campbell threw in with the rebels, after Parliament had strengthened King James's hand against the rebellious nobles in October 1487. At about this time, the King forced Campbell out of the chancellorship, in favor of William Elphinstone, Bishop of Aberdeen. In 1488, Campbell was not present at the Battle of Sauchieburn on 11 June, or in the days following, because he was in England on an embassy to King Henry VII of England having been sent there on behalf of Prince James Stewart and the rebels to seek English help against King James III.

After Prince James was crowned as James IV, he restored Campbell to the position of High Chancellor. Furthermore, the new king gave him the lands of Rosneath in Dunbartonshire on 9 January 1490, which remained in the Campbell family until 1939. Campbell continued in favor with King James IV, and on 21 December 1491, he was one of the conservators of the truce between England and Scotland, which was extended to 1496. One author has claimed that, one reason James III of Scotland has long had a sinister reputation is that "such accounts as we have of him are written by the partisans of his unruly nobles, such as the Earls of Argyll, Lennox, and Angus".

Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll, died in 1493, and was buried at Kilmun Parish Church on Cowal Peninsula. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Archibald Campbell.

Family/Spouse: Isabel Stewart. Isabel (daughter of John Stewart and Fingula of the Isles) died on 26 Oct 1510 in Dumbarton, Dunbartonshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

2nd Earl of Argyll.

From Wikipedia (accessed 2 May 2021):

He was made Master of the Royal Household of James IV of Scotland on 24 March 1495. After a crisis of law and order in the west of Scotland, Argyll was made governor of Tarbert Castle and Baillie of Knapdale, and this was followed by an appointment as Royal Lieutenant in the former Lordship of the Isles on 22 April 1500. Argyll eventually rose to the position of Lord High Chancellor of Scotland. His "clan" was rivalled only by Clan Gordon.

The Earls of Argyll were hereditary Sheriffs of Lorne and Argyll. However, a draft record of the 1504 Parliament of Scotland records a move to request Argyll to hold his Sherriff Court at Perth, where the King and his council could more easily oversee proceedings, if the Earl was found at fault. The historian Norman Macdougall suggests this clause may have been provoked by Argyll's kinship with Torquil MacLeod and MacLean of Duart. These western chiefs supported the suppressed Lordship of the Isles.

The Earl of Argyll was killed at the Battle of Flodden on 9 September 1513, with the king and many others. He is buried at Kilmun Parish Church.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Stewart. Elizabeth (daughter of John Stewart and Margaret Montgomery) was born about 1470; died about 1500. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1500

Notes:

Appointed abbot of the Cistercian abbey of Coupar Angus by James V, in whose court his brother Colin Campbell was prominent, Donald Campbell travelled to England, France, and Rome as a Cistercian prelate and diplomat. At the Reformation of 1559-60, he (in the words of The Scots Peerage, citation details below), "put on secular weed" in May 1559. He sat in the Scottish parliament and the Convention of Estates; he was Keeper of the Privy Seal during the reign of Mary, Queen of Scots; and he was a senator of the College of Justice under James V.

"[A] monk of the Cistercian Order; master of arts, probably from St. Salvator's College, Univ. of St. Andrews, where "Donaldus Campbel, nationis albaniae" was admitted 1522; clerk in the Diocese of Lismore by 1525; last Abbot of Coupar Abbey, Co. Angus, 1529- 60; traveled to Rome, England and France as a Cistercian prelate and as a diplomat; one of the visitors of the Scottish universities, 1532; commissary of the chapter-general of the Scottish Cistercian houses; member of the Scots Parliament and Council of State for many years; member of the Privy Council of the Regent Arran; one of the Lords of the Articles; Senator of the College of Justice (Lord of Session); was nominated Bishop of Glasgow, 1548, Bishop of Dunkeld, 1550, and Bishop of Brechin, 1559, but each time failed to receive papal confirmation, apparently because his orthodoxy was suspect; Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland, 1552, 1554-62; gave Balgersho, Arthurstone, Keithick, Den-head and Croonan, lands belonging to Coupar Abbey, to his bastard sons; was reputed to be wearing "secular weed," 1559; sat in the Scottish Parliament and the Convention of Estates which established the reformed Church of Scotland, 1560; approved and signed a demand that "he incontinent re-forme his place of Cowper Putting down and birnying oppinlie all Idolis and Imagis and tubernaculis tharin destroying and putting away the altaris And that na mess be thair done heiraftir nowthir privilie nor opinly. And that the super-stitiouse habit of his monkis with their ordour ceremonis and service as you cann it be removit. And that na prayeris be usit in the kirk but in the Inglishe toung And that according to the scriptouris of God" (Scottish Historical Review 21:142) (brother of Colin Campbell, 3d Earl of Argyll (ancestor of the subsequent earls, marquesses and dukes of Argyll, down to the present); Sir John Campbell, jure uxoris of Cawdor, Co. Nairn (ancestor of the Earls Cawdor of Castlemartin, down to the present); Margaret Campbell, Lady Erskine; Isabella Campbell, Countess of Cassilis; Janet Campbell, Countess of Atholl, and Katherine Campbell, wife of Lachlan Cattanach (the Shaggy) Maclean, chief of Clan Maclean; uncle of John Erskine, 6th Lord Erskine, Ist Earl of Mar; Gilbert Kennedy, 3d Earl of Cassilis; John Stewart, 3d Earl of Atholl; Quintin Kennedy, Abbot of Crossraguel; Janet Stewart, Lady Methven, Lady Ruthven; Helen Stewart, Lady Lindsay of the Byres; Elizabeth Campbell, Countess of Moray and Sutherland; John Campbell, Bishop of the Isles; Janet Campbell, Lady Lovat, and Katherine Campbell, Countess of Crawford; great-uncle of Jean Kennedy, Countess of Orkney; Mary Stewart, Countess of Angus; John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl, Chancellor of Scotland; Henry Stewart, 2d Lord Methven; Dorothea Stewart, Countess of Gowrie; Eliza-beth Stewart, Countess of Moray; Margaret Stewart, Countess of Erroll; John Gordon, 10th Earl of Sutherland; Patrick Lindsay, 6th Lord Lindsay of the Byres; Hugh Fraser, 5th Lord Fraser of Lovat; James Ogilvy, 5th Lord Ogilvy of Airlie; Margaret Lindsay, Countess of Atholl; John Lindsay, 1st Lord Mennuir, Secretary of State of Scotland, Lord Privy Seal, and Elizabeth Lindsay, Lady Drummond; great-great uncle of Patrick Stewart, 2d Earl of Orkney; John Stewart, Ist Earl of Carrick; Mary Stewart, Lady Gray; Jean Stewart, Lady Lindores, Lady Melville of Raith; James Stewart, 3d Earl of Moray; Margaret Stewart, Countess of Nottingham, Viscountess Monson of Castlemaine; James Erskine, Ist Earl of Buchan; Mary. Erskine, Countess Marischal; Anna Erskine, Countess of Rothes; Margaret Erskine, Countess of Haddington; Elizabeth Stewart, Lady Fraser of Lovat, Countess of Lennox and March, Countess of Arran; Margaret Stewart, Lady Saltoun; Grizel Stewart, Countess of Crawford; Mary Stewart, Countess of Erroll; James Ruthven, 2d Earl of Gowrie; Margaret Ruthven, Countess of Montrose; Sophia Ruthven, Duchess of Lennox and Richmond; Jean Ruthven, Lady Ogilvy of Airlie; Elizabeth Ruthven, Lady Campbell of Loudoun; Sir Donald Campbell, Ist Bart. of Ardnamurchan; Margaret Ogilvy, Countess Marischal; Sir David Lindsay, Ist Lord Lindsay of Balcarres; James Stewart, 2d Earl of Atholl, 7th Lord Innermeath; Margaret Drummond, Lady Elphinstone; James Drummond, 4th Lord Drummond, Ist Earl of Perth; John Drummond, 5th Lord Drummond, 2d Earl of Perth; Lilias Drummond, Countess of Dunfermline, and Jean Drummond, Countess of Roxburghe; great-great-great uncle of Archibald Campbell, 8th Earl and 1st Marquess of Argyll, the Coven-anter, executed 1661; Anne Campbell, Marchioness of Huntly; Annabella Campbell, Countess of Lothian; Jean Campbell, Viscountess Kenmore; James Campbell, Ist Earl of Irvine; Mary Campbell, Lady Rollo; Elizabeth Erskine, Lady Napier; Mary Erskine, Lady Forbes; John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes; Mary Leslie, Countess of Eglinton; Margaret Leslie, Countess of Buccleuch and Wemyss; Sir Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Nottingham, 5th Baron Howard of Effingham; William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal; Sir John Keith, Ist Earl of Kintore; Jean Keith, Lady Pitsligo; Thomas Hamilton, 3d Earl of Haddington; sir James Graham, 5th Earl and 1st Marquess of Montrose, the great commander in chief in Scotland for Charles I and II, Field Marshal of the Empire, executed 1650; Margaret Graham, Lady Napier; Beatrix Graham, Lady Madderty; Sir James Stewart, Ist Lord Ochiltree; George Abernethy, 8th Lord Saltoun; Helen Lindsay, Lady Cranstoun; James Ogilvy, Ist Earl of Airlie; George Ogilvy, Lord Ogilvy de Muirton in the imperial peerage; Alexander Lindsay, 1st Earl of Balcarres; James Stewart, 2d Earl of Atholl, 7th Lord Innermeath; Lilias Elphinstone, Lady Elphinstone; Jean Drummond, Countess of Sutherland; Sir William Drummond, 2d Earl of Roxburghe; Jean Drummond, Countess of Wigtown; Anne Seton, Viscountess Fentoun; Isabel Seton, Countess of Lauderdale; Margaret Seton, Countess of Seaforth, and Sophia Seton, Lady Lindsay of Balcarres." [Brice McAdoo Clagett, citation details below]

Family/Spouse: Margaret. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Nicoll Campbell.

"[M]aster of arts; was granted by a royal decree of 1543, entitled Literas Legitimationis Nicola Campbell, all legal and natural rights "as if said Nicholas had been born in lawful wedlock"; was probably the "Nicolaus Campbell, nobilis," from the Diocese of St. Andrews who was a candidate for the M.A. degree at the Univ. of Paris, 1552; Dean of Lismore Cathedral, c. 1564-87; lord of Keithick, Dalvany and Craignatie, Perthshire; bailie of Crunan." [Brice McAdoo Clagett, citation details below]

He lies under a monumental stone at Bendochy parish church. The inscription, translated from Latin, reads:

Under this tomb there lies
the memory of
the very former and
highly skillful man of God
Master Nicholas Campbell of Keithick
who was the grandson of the
former Earl of Argyll
through the
Venerable Father, Lord Donald Campbell,
Abbot of Cupar,
who departed this life in the
year 1587
in the year of his age 70.

Nicholas married Katherine Drummond before 1563. Katherine (daughter of George Drummond and Catherine Hay) was born in of Blair, Perthshire, Scotland; died before 1604. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]