Isabel de Ros

Family/Spouse: Walter de Faucomberge. Walter (son of Walter de Faucomberge and Agnes de Brus) was born about 1254-1264 in of Skelton, Yorkshire, England; died on 31 Dec 1318. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Alice.

Family/Spouse: Nicholas d'Engaine. Nicholas (son of John d'Engaine and Joan de Greinville) was born in of Colne Engaine, Essex, England; died on 4 Dec 1322. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 18 Sep 1349

Notes:

Sheriff of Yorkshire 1341-2; Constable of York Castle and Berwick-on-Tweed.

Summoned to Parliament by writ 22 Jan 1336 to 10 Mar 1349.

Family/Spouse: Eve de Bulmer. Eve (daughter of Ralph de Bulmer and (Unknown first wife of Ralph de Bulmere)) was born in of Wilton, Yorkshire, England; died before Sep 1349. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 30 May 1302, of Blatherwycke, Northamptonshire, England

Notes:

He was summoned to Parliament from 20 Sep 1355 to 15 Dec 1357 by writs directed Johanni Denayne. Appointed a justice, 1340, then a knight banneret.

John married Joan Peverel about 12 Nov 1318. Joan (daughter of Robert Peverel and Alice) died after 19 Mar 1358. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married William de Colville between 1376 and 1377. William (son of Robert de Colville and Elizabeth Conyers) died about 1381. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1319, of Skelton, Yorkshire, England

Notes:

Summoned to Parliament by writs, 25 Nov 1350 to 14 Aug 1362.

Walter married Maud de Pateshulle about Dec 1330. Maud (daughter of John de Pateshulle and Mabel de Grandison) died before 28 Sep 1359. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Walter married Isabel Bigod before 15 Jan 1360. Isabel (daughter of Roger le Bigod and Joan) died on 19 May 1401; was buried in Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1387

Elizabeth married Laurence Pabenham before 1372. Laurence (son of Thomas de Pabenham and Alice de Offard) was born about 1334 in of Pavenham, Bedfordshire, England; died on 10 Jun 1399; was buried in Offord Darcy, St Neots, Huntingdonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Beheaded for his role in one of the insurrections against Henry IV.

Family/Spouse: Alice Darcy. Alice (daughter of John Darcy and Elizabeth de Meinell) was born before 1356. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Skelton, Yorkshire, England

Notes:

"In 1378, having joined or supported the King of France, he was imprisoned as a traitor for at least thirteen years, part of that time in the custody of his brother, Roger; thereafter it was indicated in at least some records that he was not of sound mind." [Terry J. Booth, citation details below]

Family/Spouse: Joan Bromflete. Joan died on 4 Mar 1409. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Constance Felton before 21 Sep 1354. Constance died before 8 Jun 1402. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Roger married Margaret about 1370. Margaret died after 10 Dec 1391. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 17 Jul 1436

Katherine married William Cheyne before 20 Jan 1383. William (son of Henry Cheyne) was born in of Long Stanton, Cambridgeshire, England; died about 1397. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Thomas Aylesbury before Dec 1399. Thomas (son of John Aylesbury and Isabel) was born in of Bradwell, Buckinghamshire, England; died on 9 Sep 1418. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Mauleverer. William (son of Robert Mauleverer and Elizabeth) was born in of Wothersome, Yorkshire, England; died between 1458 and 1463. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Wandesford. John (son of John Wandesford and Elizabeth Musters) was born in of Kirklington, Nottinghamshire, England; died about 1400. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1375, of Flixborough, Lincolnshire, England

Notes:

Complete Peerage (5:279) says that he died without issue, but in 2023 Terry Booth (citation details below) showed that at least four clearly-documented children survived him.

Walter married Maud Greystoke about 1408. Maud (daughter of Ralph de Greystoke and Katherine Clifford) was born about 1380; died after 1437. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire 1429-30, 1435-36. Knight of the shire for Cambridgeshire 1431, 1432, 1435, 1442.

He and his wife Elizabeth Cheyne were great-great grandparents of Anne Boleyn (d. 1536).

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Cokayne. Elizabeth (daughter of John Cokayne and Ida Grey) died after 1438. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Elizabeth.

Isabel married Thomas Chaworth before 1416. Thomas (son of William Chaworth and Alice Caltoft) was born in of Wiverton, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 10 Feb 1459; was buried in Launde Priory, Leicestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 15 Jun 1481

Eleanor married Humphrey Stafford after 2 Jan 1424. Humphrey (son of Humphrey Stafford and Elizabeth Burdet) was born in 1400 in of Grafton, Worcestershire, England; died on 7 Jun 1450 in Sevenoaks, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Merchant; sheriff of London; alderman of London.

Family/Spouse: Idonea. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Whitton, Lincolnshire, England

Notes:

"Thomas Faucomberge of Skelton who died in 1407 had a younger brother, Sir Roger Faucomberge, who predeceased his brother. Sir Roger's heir was his son Sir Walter Faucomberge, who is mentioned in the ipm of Thomas Faucomberge (CIPM, vol. 19, no. 386). Sir Walter Faucomberge died on 1 September 1415 (CIPM, vol. 20, no. 298-9). Unfortunately the ipm of Walter does not mention his heirs, and neither does his will (Early Lincoln Wills, 120) so the trail breaks at this point, but it seems likely to me that this Sir Walter Faucomberge was the father of Sir Roger Faucomberge (d. Jun 1455), Isabel, wife of Gerard Sothill and Constance wife of Anthony Nuthill. " [John Watson, citation details below.]

Isabel married Edmund Percehay before 1437. Edmund was born about 1380 in of Lincolnshire, England; died before 1447. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Gerard Sothill before 1447. Gerard (son of Gerard Sothill and Joan) was born on 14 Sep 1398 in of Redbourne, Glanford Brigg, Lincolnshire, England; died on 29 Oct 1462. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also spelled Cheney.

Family/Spouse: Frederick Tilney. Frederick (son of Philip Tilney and Isabel Thorpe) was born about 1420 in of Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, England; died before 11 Nov 1446; was buried in Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Say. John was born in of Baas, Hertfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 14 Jul 1489

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Cambridgeshire 1449-50. Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire 1463-64, 1474-75. He was a lawyer, admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn in 1445-46.

John married Elizabeth Rempston before 1449. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Fitzwilliam. William (son of John Fitzwilliam and Margaret Clarell) was born about 1416 in of Sprotborough, Yorkshire, England; died on 1 Dec 1474. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Leeke. William (son of John Leeke and Alice Grey) was born in of Langford, Nottinghamshire, England; died in 1458. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Richard Beauchamp on 27 Jan 1447 in Alcester, Warwickshire, England. Richard (son of John Beauchamp and Margaret Ferrers) was born about 1435 in of Powick, Worcestershire, England; died on 19 Jan 1503 in Broomhill, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Berkeley. William (son of Maurice Berkeley and Ellen Montfort) was born about 1436 in of Weoley in Northfield, Worcestershire, England; died in 1501. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

From Wikipedia:

Sir Humphrey Stafford, and his brother Thomas Stafford, joined by Francis Lovell, 1st Viscount Lovell, led the inauspicious Stafford and Lovell Rebellion in 1486.

The conspirators hoped to restore the Yorkist monarchy. While Lord Lovell went to Yorkshire, the brothers Stafford went to the Midlands. On 23 April 1486, after a failed attempt to seize Henry VII in York, Lord Lovell escaped to Burgundy. In the meantime, the Stafford brothers's rebellion in Worcester had failed, in part due to lack of planning and in part due to the fact that King Henry had some support in that area.

During this time Henry was on a nationwide tour of the country. As soon as he advanced towards Worcester in order to eliminate Yorkist support, on 11 May 1486 the Stafford brothers again fled to sanctuary, this time at Culham.

Despite the fact that Stafford had sought sanctuary at the church in Culham, King Henry VII decided to force Stafford to kiss his feet. Stafford was forcibly removed from his sanctuary on the night of 13 May by John Barrowman and one follower. Henry then ordered the execution of Humphrey Stafford of Grafton, but pardoned the younger Thomas Stafford.

The arrest prompted a series of protests to Pope Innocent VIII over the breaking of sanctuary; these resulted in a Papal bull in August which severely limited the rights of sanctuary, excluding it completely in cases of treason, thereby vindicating the King's actions.

Humphrey was executed at Tyburn on 8 July 1486.

Humphrey married Katherine Fray after 1462. Katherine (daughter of John Fray and Agnes Danvers) was born about 1447; died on 12 May 1482. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edmund married Eleanor Strangeways about 1454. Eleanor (daughter of James Strangeways, Speaker of the House of Commons and Elizabeth Darcy) died after Jan 1494. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Louthe. Thomas was born in of Sawtry, Huntingdonshire, England; died in 1533. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Fulnetby. John (son of John Fulnetby and Joan) was born about 1425. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Agnes. Agnes died after 27 Jul 1525. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Howard. Thomas (son of John Howard and Katherine de Moleyns) was born in 1443; died in 1507. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Humphrey Bourchier after 11 Apr 1451. Humphrey (son of John Bourchier and Margery Berners) was born in of Massingham Parva, Norfolk, England; died on 14 Apr 1471 in Barnet, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Chapel of St. Edmund and St. Thomas the Martyr, Westminster Abbey, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Wentworth. Henry (son of Philip Wentworth and Mary Clifford) was born about 1448; died between 17 Aug 1499 and 27 Feb 1501; was buried in Newhouse Abbey, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Hasilden. John (son of William Hasilden and Elizabeth Daneys) was born about 1448 in of Meldreth, Cambridgeshire, England; died before 1505. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Richard Wentworth. Richard (son of Richard Wentworth and Cecily Tansley) was born in of West Bretton, Yorkshire, England; died about 1488. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Foxe. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Robert Willoughby before 28 Feb 1495. Robert (son of Robert Willoughby and Blanche Champernoun) was born between 1470 and 1472 in of Brook in Westbury, Wiltshire, England; died on 10 Nov 1521. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Richard Lygon about 1490. Richard (son of Thomas Lygon and Anne Giffard) was born between 1467 and 1477 in of Madresfield, Worcestershire, England; died on 1 May 1512 in Madresfield, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married John Gyse before 23 Sep 1483. John (son of John de Gyse and Alice Wysham) was born in of Elmore, Gloucestershire, England; died on 30 Sep 1501; was buried in Elmore, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Coningsby. Elizabeth (daughter of Humphrey Coningsby and Alice Fereby) died between 30 Nov 1545 and 8 May 1546. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Richard Neville about 1483. Richard (son of Henry Neville and Joan Bourgchier) was born about 1468 in of Snape, Yorkshire, England; died before 28 Dec 1530 in Snape Castle, Yorkshire, England; was buried in Well, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Humphrey married Margaret Fogge after 1490. Margaret (daughter of John Fogge and Alice Haute) died before 1532. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan Vavasour. Joan (daughter of Henry Vavasour and Joan Gascoigne) died after Mar 1496. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Edith Stukeley. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Regarding his date of death, Kirk and Hollick say in a footnote that "[o]n 30 August 1523, John Fulveby [sic] was granted a commission to collect royal subsidy
in Lincolnshire, but on 3 November 1528 he was noted as deceased in the will
of Thomas Bryge of Sausthorpe.."

John married Jane Dymoke about 1485. Jane (daughter of Thomas Dymoke and Margaret Welles) was born about 1467. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1544

Isabel married Oliver Wentworth before 1520. Oliver (son of Thomas Wentworth and Jane Mirfield) was born about 1490 in of Goxhill, Glanford Brigg, Lincolnshire, England; died between 7 Dec 1558 and 28 Jan 1559. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Described in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography as "an impecunious younger son". Comptroller of Calais in 1531.

Family/Spouse: Joyce Culpeper. Joyce (daughter of Richard Culpepper and Isabel Worsley) was born about 1480; died after 1527. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Boleyn. Thomas (son of William Boleyn and Margaret Butler) was born about 1477 in Hever Castle, Hever, Kent, England; died on 12 Mar 1539; was buried in St. Peter's, Hever, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Margaret Bourchier was lady governess to the children of King Henry VIII of England, the future monarchs Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI, as well as the illegitimate Henry FitzRoy.

Margaret married Thomas Bryan before 1495. Thomas (son of Thomas Bryan and Isabel) was born in of St. John, Hampshire, England; died between 1 Oct 1508 and 30 Jan 1518. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 19 Mar 1533, Calais, France

Notes:

2nd Baron Berners. Lieutenant of Calais from 1520 on. Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1524. On commission from Henry VIII he made English translations of Froissart's Chronicles, the Golden Book of Marcus Aurelius, the History of Arthur of Lyttel Brytaine, and the romance Huon of Bordeaux.

Summoned to Parliament between 14 Oct 1495 and 9 Aug 1529.

"Berners was not present at the Field of Cloth of Gold in 1520, as has been generally stated, but remained with the council in London." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

John married Katherine Howard before 13 May 1490. Katherine (daughter of John Howard and Margaret Chedworth) died on 12 Mar 1536. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Seymour. John was born in of Wolfhall, Wiltshire, England; died on 21 Dec 1536; was buried in Easton Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Francis married Elizabeth Calthorpe before 31 May 1494. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 12 Nov 1505

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Woodruffe. Elizabeth (daughter of Richard Woodruffe and (Unknown) Wortley) died after 20 Jul 1506. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married John Hardwick in 1512. John (son of John Hardwick and Elizabeth Pinchbeck) was born about 1495 in of Hardwick in Ault Hucknall, Derbyshire, England; died on 29 Jan 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Margaret Neville after 22 Nov 1505. Margaret (daughter of Richard Neville and Anne Stafford) was born on 9 Mar 1495. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Gloucestershire 1534-35. Sheriff of Worcestershire 1548-49.

Richard married Margery Greville before 1511. Margery (daughter of William Greville and (Unknown) Arrell) died in 1542. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called John Guise.

Family/Spouse: Tacy Grey. Tacy (daughter of John Grey and Anne Grey) died before 15 Nov 1558; was buried on 15 Nov 1558 in Elmore, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Isabel Dennis. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Edward Willoughby after 22 Nov 1505. Edward (son of Robert Willoughby and Elizabeth Beauchamp) was born in of Alcester, Warwickshire, England; died in Nov 1517. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Northamptonshire 1547-48. Esquire of the Body to Henry VIII.

Humphrey married Margaret Tame after 10 Feb 1526. Margaret (daughter of Edmund Tame and Agnes Greville) died after Jan 1558. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Fought at Flodden Field, where he was knighted. Sheriff of Yorkshire 1521.

Family/Spouse: Anne Conyers. Anne (daughter of William Conyers and Anne Bigod) died before 1522. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Joan Strangeways after 7 Nov 1522 in Wothersome, Yorkshire, England. Joan (daughter of James Strangeways and Alice Scrope) died on 15 Nov 1546; was buried on 26 Nov 1546 in Bardsey, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1577

Family/Spouse: Simon Throckmorton. Simon (son of John Throckmorton and Jane Baynard) was born about 1493 in of Barsham, Suffolk, England; died on 10 Jul 1527. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married William Dynewell about 1510. William was born about 1485; died before 6 Jan 1544; was buried on 6 Jan 1544 in Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[H]e had, when he died, another wife, named Anne, with whom, from various evidences, he does not appear to have been on the best of terms. He was living at Waltham, and she at Kirton, in a distant part of Lincolnshire, and the only bequest he makes to her in his Will is of 'such goods and implements as she hath in my house at Kirton.'" [The Wentworth Genealogy, citation details below]

William married Ellen Gilby between 1548 and 1552. Ellen (daughter of John Gilby and Agnes Brough) was born between 1515 and 1520 in of West Ravendale, Lincolnshire, England; died after 23 Jan 1560. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Anne Ayscough before 1565. Anne (daughter of Edward Ayscough) died after 22 May 1574. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In one of the charges leading to her downfall, she was alleged to have failed to resist the advances of a gentleman of the king's privy chamber named Thomas Culpeper, who was himself beheaded at Tyburn on 10 Dec 1541, two months before her own execution. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography article about Katherine Howard notes that "he was distantly related to Katherine on her mother's side, for they shared a Culpeper ancestor who had lived in the reign of Edward II." This would be true if the courtier were a son of any number of Culpepers of sixteenth-century Kent, virtually all of them descendants of Thomas Colepeper of Brenchley who died in 1309. But the ODNB confidently states that the courtier Thomas Culpeper was "the second of the three sons of Alexander Culpeper of Bedgebury, Kent (d. 1541), and his second wife, Constance Harper (née Chamberlain); his elder brother, also named Thomas, was a client of Thomas Cromwell." This piques our interest, because this Alexander Culpeper was a son of John Culpeper (~1430-1480) and his wife Agnes Gainsford, who are themselves direct ancestors of JTS and (probably) TNH, AP, and GFS.^{1, 2}

The problem is this: Alexander Culpeper of Bedgebury made his will on 20 May 1540, and died sometime in 1541 before 21 June, when his will was proved. His wife Constance made her will on 4 Oct 1541, after her husband's death. All of these events happened before the courtier Thomas Culpeper was accused, much less executed. And yet both wills name only one son named Thomas. Alexander's calls Thomas "myne eldist sonne" and mentions one other son, John. Constance's also names only two sons by Alexander, Thomas and John. (She had an additional son, George Harper, by her first marriage.)

Constance's will was proved at London on 13 Nov 1542, so it's entirely possible that she lived past 10 Nov 1541, the day the courtier Thomas Culpepper was executed. And there is a codicil to Constance's will, undated, but it makes none of the adjustments one might expect if one of one's legatees had been beheaded at Tyburn since the main will was drawn up.

Even more to the point, if backwoods gentry Alexander and Constance Culpeper had a son who was a fast-rising figure at the royal court, one would think he would at least be mentioned in one or both of their wills. Remember again that when both of these wills were drawn up, the courtier Thomas Culpeper had yet to be accused of any wrongdoing.

Finally, the will of the Thomas Culpeper who was definitely a son of Alexander and Constance Culpeper, mentioned in both of their wills, is dated 6 Aug 1557; it was proved 20 Oct 1558, and he was buried at St. Mary's in Goudhurst on 13 May 1558. He was married twice, to Elizabeth Hawte in about 1522 and to Ellen Hendley in about 1540. He is obviously not the courtier who was executed in November 1541.

Where does the claim about the courtier's parentage come from? Probably the 1592 Visitation of Kent. Specifically, the 1924 volume The Visitations of Kent, Taken in the Years 1574 and 1592 by Robert Cooke, Clarenceux, edited by W. Bruce Bannerman, part 2, London, 1924 (Harleian Society volume 75). "The present Volume contains the remaining portion of the letters, I-Z, of the second Visitation, in 1574, together with the third Visitation, made in 1592, based on a contemporary MS bearing the autograph of Percy, Viscount Strangford, London, 1816, with the addition, from other sources, of some further Pedigrees and Arms." We're uncertain what "contemporary MS" means in this context: an actual manuscript made by a herald in the 1590s, or not? And as to the "autograph of Percy, Viscount Strangford, London, 1816", we are doubtful about the mighty authenticating credibility emanating from the signature of Percy Clinton Sydney Smythe, 6th Viscount Strangford (1780-1855), whose career as a British diplomat went into an abrupt decline when, as ambassador to Russia in 1826, he was caught falsifying dispatches to the British government and revealing confidential documents to the Austrian ambassador in St. Petersburg. At any rate, these are the pertinent passages from the 1924 volume's representation of the 1592 visitation, all on page 92:

S^r John Colepeper of Bedgebery aforsaide knight Sonne and heire to Walter married Agnes the daughter of . . . . . and by her hathe issue S^r Alexander Colepeper knighte his eldest Sonne […]

S^r Alexander Colepeper of Bedgebery aforsaide knighte Sonne and heire to S^r John maried to his first wiffe Agnes Daughter to Roger Davye of Northfelde in the County of Kent Esquire and by her had issue Alys. After the saide S^r Alexander maried to his seconde wiffe Constance Daughter to Robert Chamberlein and wydowe of Harper, and her her had issue Thomas Colepeper his eldist Sonne, and Thomas Colepeper second Sonne, and John Colepeper thirde Sonne, Elizabeth maried to S^t Clere gent., Anne maried to Raulfe Molyns of Barkeshier, and Johan maried to Aldred ffitz James of Somersetshire Esquire, Margarett married to Phillippe Chowte gent and Katherin maried to Edwarde Barrett gent.

Anne's husband was actually William Molyns, not Raulfe or Ralph. Johanna's husband was Alfred Fitzjames, not Aldred, but given the fluidity of late-medieval names he may well have gone by Aldred two or three times a week. At any rate, even stipulating that these passages represent a perfect copy of the original 1592 visitation, it remains that this information would have been taken down by the heralds from people reciting family history over fifty years after the deaths of Alexander and Constance Culpeper.

We would like to know if the author of the ODNB essay about Katherine Howard, Retha M. Warnicke, has other sources that would indicate that the courtier Thomas Culpeper was in fact a son of Alexander and Constance. We would also like to know the source for the information that his stated older brother, also named Thomas, was "a client of Thomas Cromwell." In the absence of any such information, we're inclined to believe that this theory of the parentage of the courtier Thomas Culpeper is merely yet another example of the less-than-perfect reliability of visitation pedigrees.

_____

(1) Depending on whether TNH, AP, and GFS ancestor Joan Roberts was a daughter of her father Walter Roberts's second wife Isabel Culpepper, daughter of John Culpepper and Agnes Gainsford, as seems most probable, instead of his first wife, Margaret Penn. See Adrian Benjamin Burke, John Blythe Dobson, and Janet Chevally Wolfe, "The Exhurst Ancestry of the Stoughton Siblings of New England", The New England Historical and Genealogical Register 165:245, October 2011; 166:46, January 2012.

(2) And possibly of PNH, if it's ever proved that his 9G-grandfather Henry Colepepper (d. 1675 in Virginia) was a son of his fellow Virginia emigrant John Culpeper (1637-1674), as has often been speculated. If this turned out to be the case, John Culpeper and Agnes Gainsford would be the most recent common ancestors of PNH and TNH.

Catherine married Henry VIII, King of England on 28 Jul 1540 in Oatlands Palace, Surrey, England. Henry (son of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Jun 1491 in Greenwich, Kent, England; died on 28 Jan 1547 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married William Carey in 1520. William was born about 1495; died on 22 Jun 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Henry VIII, King of England in Jan 1533. Henry (son of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Jun 1491 in Greenwich, Kent, England; died on 28 Jan 1547 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Elizabeth Bryan was vice-chamberlain to Catherine of Aragon, an office also held by her father, and a reputed mistress of Henry VIII. Following her husband’s death, she was reduced to penury. Some of their former property eventually wound up in the Darcy family.

Elizabeth married Nicholas Carew in Dec 1514. Nicholas (son of Richard Carew and Malyn Oxenbridge) was born before 1496; died on 3 Mar 1540 in Tower Hill, London, England; was buried in St. Botolph's, Aldgate, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1561

Notes:

Or Joan.

Family/Spouse: Edmund Knyvet. Edmund (son of Edmund Knyvet and Eleanor Tyrrell) was born in 1490 in of Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, England; died on 1 May 1539; was buried in Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anthony Oughtred. Anthony died in 1534. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gregory Cromwell. Gregory (son of Thomas Cromwell and Elizabeth Wykes) died in 1551. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married Henry VIII, King of England on 30 May 1536 in Whitehall Palace, London, England. Henry (son of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Jun 1491 in Greenwich, Kent, England; died on 28 Jan 1547 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In 1580 she he founded Peyton's Hospital in Isleham.

Frances married Robert Peyton in Jan 1516. Robert (son of Robert Peyton and Elizabeth Clere) was born about 1498 in of Isleham, Cambridgeshire, England; died on 1 Aug 1550; was buried in St. Andrew's, Isleham, Cambridgeshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Beatrice married Arthur Kaye after 25 May 1517. Arthur (son of George Kaye and (Unknown) Radcliffe) was born in of Woodsome, Yorkshire, England; died before 20 Oct 1574 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 20 Oct 1574 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Bess of Hardwick," later Countess of Shrewsbury.

From Wikipedia:

[A] notable figure of Elizabethan English society. By a series of well-made marriages, she rose to the highest levels of English nobility and became enormously wealthy. Bess was a shrewd business woman, increasing her assets with business interests including mines and glass making workshops.

She was married four times, firstly to Robert Barlow, who died aged about 14 or 15 on 24 December 1544; secondly to the courtier Sir William Cavendish; thirdly to Sir William St Loe; and lastly to George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, sometime keeper to the captive Mary, Queen of Scots. An accomplished needlewoman, Bess joined her husband's captive charge at Chatsworth House for extended periods in 1569, 1570, and 1571, during which time they worked together on the Oxburgh Hangings.

In 1601, Bess ordered an inventory of the household furnishings including textiles at her three properties at Chatsworth, Hardwick and Chelsea, which survives, and in her will she bequeathed these items to her heirs to be preserved in perpetuity. The 400-year-old collection, now known as the Hardwick Hall textiles, is the largest collection of tapestry, embroidery, canvaswork, and other textiles to have been preserved by a single private family. Bess is also well known for her building projects, the most famous of which are: Chatsworth, now the seat of the Dukes of Devonshire (whose family name is Cavendish as they descend from the children of her second marriage), and Hardwick Hall.

Family/Spouse: George Talbot. George died in 1590. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married William Cavendish on 20 Aug 1547 in Bradgate, Leicestershire, England. William (son of Thomas Cavendish and Alice Smyth) was born on 1 May 1508; died on 25 Oct 1557; was buried on 30 Oct 1557. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Fulk Greville before 11 Apr 1526. Fulk (son of Edward Greville and Anne Denton) was born in of London, England; died on 10 Nov 1559; was buried in Alcester, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Berkeley. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called William Guise.

William married Mary Rotsey before 1540. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Ligon. Henry (son of Richard Lygon and Margery Greville) was born in of Upton St. Leonard's, Gloucestershire, England; died on 31 Jul 1577. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Or Eleanor.

Family/Spouse: Anthony Cope. Anthony (son of John Cope and Bridget Raleigh) was born in of Adstone, Northamptonshire, England; died between 6 Jun 1558 and 20 Dec 1558. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ellen married Thomas Barlow before 1568. Thomas was born in of Huncote in Narborough, Leicestershire, England; died after 1571. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

They were granted, by Cardinal Wolsey, a dispensation to marry, as they were related in the fourth degree.

Robert married Alice Markenfield before 2 Feb 1525. Alice (daughter of Ninian Markenfield and Dorothy Gascoigne) died between 4 Mar 1553 and 7 Mar 1553. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lionel married Elizabeth Blennerhasset on 29 Jun 1561 in Barsham, Suffolk, England. Elizabeth (daughter of John Blennerhasset and Elizabeth Cornwallis) died between 30 Jun 1608 and 7 Nov 1608. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Marshall K. Kirk's posthumously-published "A Probable Royal Descent for Thomas Bradbury of Salisbury, Massachusetts", edited for publication by Martin E. Hollick and published in The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Volume 161, page 27, January 2007, lays out an involved, circumstantial, and yet reasonably convincing case for a descent from Edward I for Anne Dynewell and by extension her great-grandson the seventeenth-century immigrant Thomas Bradbury (1611-1695). Much of it is founded upon genuine statements made about the family of John Whitgift (d. 1604), Archbishop of Canterbury, by Francis Thynne, Lancaster Herald from 1602 until his death in 1608, and thus a contemporary of the archbishop. Archbishop Whitgift was a son of this Anne Dynewell and her husband Henry Whitgift.

The propositions for which Kirk argues are:

(1) That this Anne Dynewell was a daughter of William Dynewell and Katherine Fulnetby, and

(2) The aforementioned Katherine Fulnetby was a daughter of John Fulnetby and Jane Dymoke, who is known to have been a daughter of Thomas Dymoke and Margaret Welles.

Anne married Henry Whitgift about 1530. Henry (son of John Whitgift) was born about 1505 in of Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire, England; died between 9 Jun 1550 and 7 Oct 1552. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Waltham and Barrow, Lincolnshire, England
• Buried: 22 Mar 1633, Barrow-on-Humber, Lincolnshire, England
• Alternate death: 22 Mar 1633

Christopher married Katherine Marbury on 19 Oct 1583 in St. Peter at Gowts, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. Katherine (daughter of William Marbury and Agnes Lenton) was born in of Girsby in Burgh-upon-Bain, Lincolnshire, England; died before 16 Dec 1634; was buried on 16 Dec 1634. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Francis Knolles on 26 Apr 1540. Francis was born about 1512; died on 19 Jul 1596; was buried in Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Arthur Darcy and Mary Carew were both descendants of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, he as a 6Xgreat-grandson and she as a 5Xgreat-granddaughter. By those descents they were, to one another, sixth cousins once removed. But in fact they were slightly more closely related than that: fifth cousins once removed by shared descent from Ralph de Greystoke and Katherine Clifford, and fifth cousins twice removed by shared descent from John de Welle and Maud de Ros.

Family/Spouse: Arthur Darcy. Arthur (son of Thomas Darcy and Dowsabel Tempest) was born in of Brimham, Yorkshire, England; died on 3 Apr 1561; was buried in St. Botolph's, Aldgate, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Plumstead, Norfolk, England
• Alternate death: Bef 1561

John married Agnes Harcourt about 1538. Agnes (daughter of John Harcourt and Margaret Barantyne) died in 1578. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Cambridgeshire.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Rich. Elizabeth (daughter of Richard Rich, Speaker of the House of Commons and Elizabeth Jenkes) died on 17 Oct 1591; was buried in Isleham, Cambridgeshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Justice of the peace in 1585.

John married Dorothy Mauleverer on 21 Jan 1543 in Bardsey, Yorkshire, England. Dorothy (daughter of Robert Mauleverer and Alice Markenfield) was born about 1528; died before 31 Mar 1590 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 31 Mar 1590 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Charles Stuart. Charles (son of Matthew Stewart and Margaret Douglas) died in 1576. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Henry Cavendish). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Grace Talbot on 9 Feb 1568. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

MP for Nottinghamshire, 1593 and 1601. Knighted 1582.

Charles married Catherine Ogle in 1592. Catherine (daughter of Cuthbert Ogle) was born in 1570; died in 1629. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Giles Reade. Giles (son of William Reade and Katherine Rowdon) was born about 1541 in of Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England; died in 1611; was buried in Bredon, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Edward Basset. Edward (son of William Basset and Jane Ashe) was born in of Uley, Gloucestershire, England; died between 3 Jun 1601 and 5 Nov 1602. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called John Guise.

John married Jane Pauncefoot on 27 Jun 1564 in Elmore, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Dorothy married John Kaye on 21 Jan 1543 in Bardsey, Yorkshire, England. John (son of Arthur Kaye and Beatrice Wentworth) was born about 1528 in of Woodsome, Yorkshire, England; died before 28 Jul 1594 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 28 Jul 1594 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Grocer, citizen, and alderman of Norwich.

Bassingbourne married Mary Hill after 7 Dec 1591. Mary (daughter of William Hill and Joan Annabel) was born in of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England; died in 1615. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1530 and 1532
• Alternate death: 28 Feb 1604

Notes:

From Wikipedia (accessed 19 May 2021):

John Whitgift [...] was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to his death. Noted for his hospitality, he was somewhat ostentatious in his habits, sometimes visiting Canterbury and other towns attended by a retinue of 800 horses. Whitgift's theological views were often controversial.

He was the eldest son of Henry Whitgift, a merchant, of Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire, where he was born, probably between 1530 and 1533. The Whitgift family is thought to have originated in the relatively close Yorkshire village of Whitgift, adjoining the River Ouse.

Whitgift's early education was entrusted to his uncle, Robert Whitgift, abbot of the neighbouring Wellow Abbey, on whose advice he was sent to St Anthony's School, London. In 1549 he matriculated at Queens' College, Cambridge, and in May 1550 he moved to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, where the martyr John Bradford was his tutor. In May 1555 he was elected a fellow of Peterhouse.

Whitgift taught Francis Bacon and his older brother Anthony Bacon at Cambridge University in the 1570s. As their tutor, Whitgift bought the brothers their early classical text books, including works by Plato, Cicero and others.

Having taken holy orders in 1560, he became chaplain to Richard Cox, Bishop of Ely, who collated (that is, appointed) him to the rectory of Teversham, just to the east of Cambridge. In 1563 he was appointed Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge, and his lectures gave such satisfaction to the authorities that on 5 July 1566 they considerably augmented his stipend. The following year he was appointed Regius Professor of Divinity, and became master first of Pembroke Hall (1567) and then of Trinity in 1570. He had a principal share in compiling the statutes of the university, which passed the great seal on 25 September 1570, and in the November following he was chosen as vice-chancellor.

While at Cambridge he formed a close relationship with Andrew Perne, sometime vice-chancellor. Perne went on to live with Whitgift in his old age. Puritan satirists would later mock Whitgift as "Perne's boy" who was willing to carry his cloak-bag – thus suggesting that the two had enjoyed a homosexual relationship.

Whitgift's theological views were controversial. An aunt with whom he once lodged wrote that "though she thought at first she had received a saint into her house, she now perceived he was a devil". Thomas Macaulay's description of Whitgift as "a narrow, mean, tyrannical priest, who gained power by servility and adulation..." is, according to the author of his 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica entry, "tinged with rhetorical exaggeration; but undoubtedly Whitgift's extreme High Church notions led him to treat the Puritans with exceptional intolerance". In a pulpit controversy with Thomas Cartwright regarding the constitutions and customs of the Church of England, his oratorical effectiveness proved inferior, but was able to exercise arbitrary authority: together with other heads of the university, he deprived Cartwright of his professorship, and in September 1571 Whitgift exercised his prerogative as master of Trinity to deprive him of his fellowship. In June of the same year Whitgift was nominated Dean of Lincoln. In the following year he published [The Admonition to the Parliament], which led to further controversy between the two churchmen. On 24 March 1577, Whitgift was appointed Bishop of Worcester, and during the absence of Sir Henry Sidney in Ireland in 1577 he acted as vice-president of Wales.

In August 1583 he was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury to replace Edmund Grindal, who had been placed under house arrest after his disagreement with Queen Elizabeth over "prophesyings" and died in office. Whitgift placed his stamp on the church of the Reformation, and shared Elizabeth's hatred of Puritans. Although he wrote to Elizabeth remonstrating against the alienation of church property, Whitgift always retained her special confidence. In his policy against the Puritans and in his vigorous enforcement of the subscription test he thoroughly carried out her policy of religious uniformity.

He drew up articles aimed at nonconforming ministers, and obtained increased powers for the Court of High Commission. In 1586, he became a privy councillor. His actions gave rise to the Martin Marprelate tracts, in which the bishops and clergy were strongly opposed. By his vigilance the printers of the tracts were discovered and punished, though the main writer Job Throkmorton evaded him. Whitgift had nine leading presbyterians including Thomas Cartwright arrested in 1589–90, and though their trial in the Star Chamber for sedition did not result in convictions they did agree to abandon their movement in return for freedom.

Whitgift took a strong line against the Brownist movement and their Underground Church in London led by Henry Barrow and John Greenwood. Their services were repeatedly raided and members held in prison. Whitgift repeatedly interrogated them through the High Commission, and at the Privy Council. When Burghley asked Barrow his opinion of the Archbishop, he responded: "He is a monster, a miserable compound, I know not what to make him. He is neither ecclesiastical nor civil, even that second beast spoken of in revelation." Whitgift was the prime mover behind the Act against Seditious Sectaries which was passed in 1593, making Separatist Puritanism a felony, and he had Barrow and Greenwood executed the following morning.

In the controversy between Walter Travers and Richard Hooker, he prohibited the former from preaching, and he presented the latter with the rectory of Boscombe in Wiltshire, to help him complete his Ecclesiastical Polity, a work that in the end did not represent Whitgift's theological or ecclesiastical standpoints. In 1587, he had Welsh preacher John Penry brought before the High Commission, and imprisoned; Whitgift signed Penry's death warrant six years later.

In 1595, in conjunction with the Bishop of London and other prelates, he drew up the Calvinist instrument known as the Lambeth Articles. Although the articles were signed and agreed by several bishops they were recalled by order of Elizabeth, claiming that the bishops had acted without her explicit consent. Whitgift maintained that she had given her approval.

Whitgift attended Elizabeth on her deathbed, and crowned James I. He was present at the Hampton Court Conference in January 1604, at which he represented eight bishops.

He died at Lambeth at the end of the following month. He was buried in Croydon at the Parish Church of St John Baptist (now Croydon Minster): his monument there with his recumbent effigy was practically destroyed when the church burnt down in 1867.

Whitgift is described by his biographer, Sir George Paule, as of "middle stature, strong and well shaped, of a grave countenance and brown complexion, black hair and eyes, his beard neither long nor thick." He left several unpublished works, included in the Manuscripts Angliae. Many of his letters, articles and injunctions are calendared in the published volumes of the State Papers series of the reign of Elizabeth. His Collected Works, edited for the Parker Society by John Ayre (3 vols., Cambridge, 1851–1853), include the controversial tracts mentioned above, two sermons published during his lifetime, a selection from his letters to Cecil and others, and some portions of his previously unpublished manuscripts.

In his later years he concerned himself with various administrative reforms, including fostering learning among the clergy, abolishing non-resident clergy, and reforming the ecclesiastical courts.

Whitgift set up charitable foundations (almshouses), now The Whitgift Foundation, in Croydon, the site of a palace, a summer retreat of Archbishops of Canterbury. It supports homes for the elderly and infirm, and runs three independent schools – Whitgift School, founded in 1596, Trinity School of John Whitgift and, more recently, Old Palace School for girls, which is housed in the former Croydon Palace.

Whitgift Street near Lambeth Palace (the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury) is named after him.

A comprehensive school in his home town of Grimsby, John Whitgift Academy, is named after him.

The Whitgift Centre, a major shopping centre in Croydon, is named after him. It is built on land still owned by the Whitgift Foundation.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Buried: 2 Aug 1615, Clavering, Essex, England

Notes:

He and his son John were trustees of the Hospital of the Holy Trinity at Croydon, founded by Archbishop John Whitgift for the benefit of the poor.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Barley. Margaret (daughter of John Barley and Philippa Bradbury) died before 5 Jan 1605; was buried on 5 Jan 1605 in Clavering, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown first wife of William Whitgift). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1628

Notes:

Churchwarden of Muckton, Lincolnshire in 1641, in which capacity he, his wife, and his son Edward (later a surgeon of Boston, Lincolnshire) signed the Protestation Returns in that year.

William married Susanna Carter on 28 Nov 1614 in Alford, Lincolnshire, England. Susanna (daughter of Edward Carter) died after 1641. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Walter Devereux. Walter (son of Richard Devereux and Dorothy Hastings) died in 1576. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Thomas West on 19 Nov 1571. Thomas (son of William West and Elizabeth Strange) was born about 1556 in of Wherwell, Hampshire, England; died on 24 Mar 1602. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Katherine Tyrwhit. Katherine (daughter of Robert Tyrwhit and Elizabeth Oxenbridge) died in 1567. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Conyers. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Edward Darcy was Groom of the Privy Chamber to Elizabeth I, 1583-1603. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1561, and was admitted at the Inner Temple in Nov 1561. Special ambassador to Francis, Duke of Anjou and William of Orange in 1583. Burgess (M.P.) for Truro, Cornwall, in 1584; justice of the peace in Kent from 1604 to his death.

His lifelong cupidity appears to have been notable even by the standards of Elizabethan court society. From his entry in the History of Parliament: "In 1594 the attorney-general protested at the nomination of one Wiseman to the post of clerk of the outlawries, after Darcy had virtually put up the office for auction, and in 1600 the widow of Edward Denny petitioned against Darcy's attempt to obtain part of the proceeds of the sale of her late husband's office. He had little need, she wrote, 'to suck this small portion of her Majesty's favour from the hungry mouths of my children'. [...] His patent for searching and sealing leather, which he was granted in 1592 (or 1593), led him to commit 'such exactions and outrages as disquieted all England', and his privileges were first reduced (in 1595) and then (before May 1598) replaced by a new patent for the monopoly of importing and manufacturing playing cards." Sometime between then and 1602, Darcy sued Thomas Allin (also spelled Allain, Allein, Allen, etc.), haberdasher of London, for infringing on his playing-card patent. In what came to be regarded as a landmark case in English law, known to history as the "Case of Monopolies," the King's Bench ultimately ruled against Darcy, declaring his patent void because monopolies are ultimately damaging to the public good. The arguments set forth in the verdict were later much quoted in the various deliberations leading to the creation of modern antitrust and competition law.

His loss in court can't have broken his stride too badly; he was knighted the next year, on 23 Apr 1603, and retired to live the comfortable life of a wealthy man.

——

Edward Darcy (1543-1612) = Elizabeth Astley
Robert Darcy = Grace Reddish
Edward Darcy = Elizabeth Stanhope [1]
Katherine Darcy (d. 1713) = Erasmus Phillips (d. 1697) [2] [3]
Elizabeth Phillips (b. abt 1664) = John Shorter [4]
Catherine Shorter (1682-1737) = Robert Walpole (1676-1745) [5]
Horace Walpole (1717-1797)

[1] Daughter of Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield.

[2] Erasmus Phillips and Katherine Darcy were parents of Sir John Phillips of Pembrokeshire, a leading Welsh social and religious reformer.

[3] Through his mother, Elizabeth Dryden, Erasmus Phillips was a first cousin of the poet John Dryden, a second cousin once removed to Jonathan Swift, and a first cousin once removed to Mrs. Ann Marbury Hutchinson, the antinomian religious reformer who was famously cast out of the early Massachusetts Bay colony.

[4] John Shorter was a son of John Shorter (1625-1688), Lord Mayor of London.

[5] Robert Walpole is generally considered to have been the first Prime Minister of England in the modern sense.

——

Edward Darcy (1543-1612) = Elizabeth Astley
Catherine Darcy (1581-1646) = William West (b. 1575)
Elizabeth West (1606-1669) = Francis Vane (1617-1680)
Francis Vane (1643-1691) = Hannah Rushworth (1646-1705)
Henry Vane (1669-1726) = Anne Scrope (1673-1721)
Thomas Fane (1701-1871) = Elizabeth Swymmer (1708-1782)
Mary Fane (1739-1809)= Charles Blair (b. 1735)
Charles Blair (1776-1820)
Thomas Richard Arthur Blair (1802-1867) = Frances Catherine Hare (1823-1867)
Richard Walmesley Blair (1857-1939) = Ida Mabel Limouzin (1875-1943)
Eric Blair (George Orwell) (1903-1950)

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Astley. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Abigail married Martin Sedley in 1577. Martin (son of Martin Sedley and Elizabeth Mounteney) was born about 1531 in of Morley, Norfolk, England; died about 1609; was buried on 10 Feb 1610 in St. Peter's Chapel, Morley, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Created a baronet by James I on 22 May 1611.

John married Alice Osborne on 29 Jun 1580 in St. Dionis Backchurch, Langbourn, London, England. Alice (daughter of Edward Osborne, Lord Mayor of London and Anne Hewitt) was born before 4 Mar 1563; was christened on 4 Mar 1563 in St. Dionis Backchurch, Langbourn, London, England; died between 29 Jan 1626 and 6 Dec 1626. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Robert Keaye. Justice of the Peace, and Treasurer for Lame Soldiers under Elizabeth I.

Family/Spouse: Anne Flower. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Vincent Lowe before 1614. Vincent (son of Patrick Lowe and Jane Harpur) was born before 1 Nov 1592; was christened on 1 Nov 1592 in Derby, Derbyshire, England; died after 1638. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke (also styled Marquess in some sources) of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Knight of the shire for East Retford, 1614. Member of the Guiana Company, 1619. Succeeded his mother as 9th Lord Ogle. He was a courtier and a patron of the arts, and the author of several little-remembered plays. He is also remembered as one of the royalist commanders at Marston Moor, where his side lost to Parliament.

William married Margaret Lucas about Dec 1645. Margaret (daughter of Thomas Lucas and Elizabeth Leighton) was born about 1623 in St. John's Abbey, Colchester, Essex, England; died on 15 Dec 1673 in Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried on 7 Jan 1674 in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Richard Brent in 1594. Richard (son of Richard Brent and Mary Hugford) was born in of Larkstoke in Ilmington, Gloucestershire, England; died before 1 May 1652; was buried on 1 May 1652 in St. Mary's, Ilmington, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married John Deighton on 12 Apr 1605 in St. Nicholas, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. John (son of Thomas Deighton and Anne) was born before 18 Nov 1568; was christened on 18 Nov 1568 in Cirencester, Gloucestershire, England; died on 16 May 1640; was buried in St. Nicholas, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Robert Haviland on 7 Jul 1604 in Kenn, Somerset, England. Robert (son of Matthew Haviland, Mayor of Bristol and Mary Kitchin) was born before 11 Feb 1577 in of Hawkesbury Barnes, Gloucestershire, England; was christened on 11 Feb 1577 in St. Werbergh's, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England; died before 19 Jul 1648; was buried on 19 Jul 1648 in St. Werbergh's, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1602
• Alternate birth: 1603
• Alternate death: Aft 28 Feb 1677

Notes:

One of JTS's eleven proven "gateway ancestors."

Audrey married William Almy after 17 Jul 1626 in Lutterworth, Leicestershire, England. William (son of Christopher Almy and (Unknown) Clarke) was born between 1600 and 1601 in of South Kilworth, Leicestershire, England; died between 28 Feb 1677 and 23 Apr 1677 in Portsmouth, Newport, Rhode Island. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He emigrated with his family in 1631 on the Lyon; first at Boston, then very shortly thereafter Salem. He was one of the original companions of Roger Williams in the settlement of Rhode Island in 1636. He was in New York with Anne Hutchinson's family and others in 1642, settling the peninsula from Long Island now called, after him, Throg's Neck or Throgg's Neck. Following the Native uprising of 1643 in which the Hutchinsons, among others, were slain, he returned to Rhode Island, where he was town moderator of Providence in 1652 and town treasurer in 1677. He appears at Barbados in 1656. He was also a deputy to the Rhode Island assembly in 1664-68, 1670-73, and 1675. He died while visiting his sons at Middletown, New Jersey in 1684.

Direct ancestor of, among others, Gen. James Longstreet, Susan B. Anthony, and Maxwell Perkins. Gateway ancestor of EK.

He is the subject of some controversy. The first is whether he was the "Mr. Throgmorton" recorded as arriving on the Lyon at Nantasket in February 1631, along with, among others, Roger Williams. Shortly thereafter, on 18 May 1631, "Mr. George Throckmorton" was admitted as a freeman of the Bay Colony. G. Andrews Moriarty and others argued that "George" was a scribal error and that "Mr. Throgmorton" of the Lyon was the same man that later became prominent in Providence, Rhode Island and died in New Jersey while visiting his sons. In 1995, in The Great Migration Begins (page 1818, other citation details below), Robert Charles Anderson argued that George Throckmorton and John were separate individuals. Twenty years later, however, in his The Great Migration Directory (2015, page 335, other citation details below), Anderson stated that John Throckmorton of Salem and Providence did in fact arrive in 1631 on the Lyon, and he marks his 1995 remarks as "incorrect."

The second controversy is whether the John Throckmorton of Salem and Rhode Island was in fact the John Throckmorton who was baptized in 1601, a son of Norwich alderman, citizen and grocer Bassingbourne Throckmorton, and thus a "gateway ancestor" with a descent from Edward I and beyond. This proposal first gained currency in the notoriously unreliable work of Col. Charles Wickliffe Throckmorton (citation details below), but it was subsequently endorsed by the far more credible genealogist G. Andrews Moriarty (citation details below), who published multiple articles piling up the circumstantial-yet-strong evidence for the case. Today this descent appears to be broadly accepted, appearing as undisputed fact in widely used secondary sources such as Ancestral Roots and Royal Ancestry. But not universally accepted: Robert Charles Anderson, in the same 2015 entry in which he notes that he now agrees that the Providence man was the "Mr. Throgmorton" of the Lyon, still lists the Providence man's origins as "unknown." There exists nothing to clinch the case, but the quality and quantity of the not-quite-probative evidence is striking:

* The father of the John Throckmorton baptized at Norwich in 1601, Bassingbourne Throckmorton, was a member of the minor gentry connected with trade as a merchant and shipowner. The New England John Throckmorton was consistently called "Mr." and "gentleman," terms reserved at that time for persons of higher-than-usual birth, and he was a merchant and shipowner. References to the New England man in the Winthrop Papers show that John owned several coastal vessels and that he was entrusted with the transportation of letters and legal papers along with normal trade goods, sailing as far south as Delaware and Virginia as well as along the New England coast.

* At age 19, in 1621, the John Throckmorton of Norwich apprenticed himself to Robert Debney, alderman of Norwich (who described himself in his 1634 will as "brother-in-law" to Bassingbourne Throckmorton), to train as a legal scrivener. Roger Williams said the New England man had been "a member of a corporation in England" and that he "had some knowledge of the law", and a letter from Williams to Throckmorton points out to him that he ought to know his duty to uphold law and order since he had once been an officer of a municipal corporation. This indicates that the New England man had exactly the level of practical legal knowledge one would expect from someone who had trained as a scrivener -- not that of a full-fledged attorney, but rather that of someone well-informed enough to deal with legal matters as a merchant and businessman.

* Bassingbourne Throckmorton made his will on 10 Sep 1638 and died eleven days later. Subsequently several of his sons sued his executors. In their answer to the suit, on 13 May 1640, the executors stated that neither they at that date, nor Bassingbourne when he made his will, knew whether his son John was alive or dead.

(The above may answer one of the long-held objections to the idea that John of New England was a son of Bassingbourne of Norwich, which is that the distinctive name Bassingbourne appears among none of the New England man's descendants. First, it is a matter of record that, aside from naming his second son for himself, John Throckmorton of New England gave his children exactly the kind of names that one would expect for the offspring of an ardent Puritan: Freegift, Patience, Deliverance, Job, Joseph. But more to the point, if the Norwich man did indeed emigrate to New England without telling anyone in his family, a model entirely consistent with what we learn from the lawsuit mentioned above, that would seem to suggest the sort of significant personal rupture in which traditional family names don't get passed on. It's clear that the New England man had a temper and the ability to break with others. As Moriarty notes — 1944, citation details below — , "[i]n later life he became a violent Quaker [and] quarreled with his old friend Roger Williams.")

* The will of Edward Covell, gentleman of Bradwell, Essex, made 1 Aug 1679 and proved 9 Feb 1680, bequeathed £6 to "my kinsman, John Throckmorton of Midle-Towne in New England", clearly referring to the 1631 emigrant's son John Throckmorton of Middletown, New Jersey. By itself this phrase establishes that the New England John Throckmorton was connected to East Anglian families. But Edward Covell's 1679 will also mentions his deceased kinswoman "Grace, late wife of Henry Payne" -- as does the 1633 will of another East Anglian man with the same surname, Thomas Colvyll of Thelveton, Norfolk, which calls her "Grace my neice now wife of Henry Payne". Grace Colvill, wife of Henry Payne, was a niece of Frances Colvill who was the wife of Thomas Shardelowe, second cousin of Bassingbourne Throckmorton through their shared descent from John Throckmorton (~1460-~1508) of South Elmham, Suffolk and his wife Jane Baynard. Thomas Colvyll's will also mentions Thomas Shardelow, calling him "gent, whose first wife was my wife's sister". And it mentions two members of the Cornwallis family of Brome, Suffolk: "Sir Thomas Cornwallis my late master" and "Lady Jane Bacon, late wife of Sir William Corwallis knt. deceased". Elizabeth Cornwallis of this same family was the maternal grandmother of Bassingbourne Throckmorton. (Moriarty, 1947, citation details below.)

* In 2002, Paul C. Reed and Leslie Mahler (citation details below) established the identity and origins of Rebecca Farrand, who married the New England John Throckmorton in 1635 and was the mother of all his children. In doing so they also identified both of her parents, all four of her grandparents, and six further ancestors as well. They also established that Edward Covell, the abovementioned testator of 1679, was the husband of Anne Farrand, sister to Rebecca, and thus quite a close "kinsman" indeed to New England John Throckmorton. Edward Covell is also mentioned in the 4 Jan 1661 will of another of Rebecca's sisters, Elizabeth Farrand, in which she calls him "my Brother Edward Covill".

In summary, it would seem that if the John Throckmorton of Salem and Rhode Island wasn't a son of Bassingbourne Throckmorton of Norwich, he must have been the offspring of a Throckmorton very closely related to him. That, or we're looking at a genuinely impressive number of coincidences.

From Wikipedia (accessed 13 Nov 2020):

John Throckmorton (1601–1684) was an early settler of Providence Plantation in what became the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, and he was one of the 12 original proprietors of that settlement. He emigrated from Norfolk, England to settle in Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, but religious tensions brought about his removal to Providence.

In 1643, Throckmorton made a land purchase in New Netherland and settled there with several dozen others. However, an Indian attack during Kieft's War caused him and others to return to Providence. He became active in civil affairs, serving as moderator, deputy, and treasurer. He died in 1684 in Middletown, New Jersey, where he went to visit his children, and was buried there. Throggs Neck in Bronx, New York City is named for him.

John Throckmorton was almost certainly baptised in Norwich, county Norfolk, England on 9 May 1601, the son of grocer and alderman Bassingburn Throckmorton. On 20 March 1621, he was apprenticed to a scrivener, but his whereabouts by 1638 had become unknown to his father, and the executors of his father's estate in 1640 could not find him. Several writers suggest that he was the "George Throckmorton" who arrived in New England aboard the Lyon and was made a freeman in May 1631. In 1995, Robert Charles Anderson argued that this was highly unlikely because a person of his stature would not be absent from the colonial records from 1631 to 1638, suggesting that George Throckmorton either died soon after his arrival or else returned to England, and John Throckmorton did not arrive in the colonies until closer to 1638. Twenty years later, however, Anderson had evidently changed his view, stating that John Throckmorton of Salem and Providence was in fact the 1631 passenger on the Lyon and listing his own 1995 remarks as "incorrect."

Throckmorton may have been in Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony as early as 1635, but the first definitive record of his presence in New England is in 1638 when he was one of the 12 original proprietors of Providence Plantation, being named in the deed signed by Roger Williams in October of that year. Nevertheless, it is certain that he was in Salem at some point because the Reverend Hugh Peters of Salem alluded to him and his wife in July 1639 as having "the great censure passed upon them in this our church." Rev. Peters also complained that they and certain others "wholly refused to hear the church, denying it and all the churches in the Bay to be true churches."

On 27 July 1640, Throckmorton was one of 39 settlers who signed an agreement for a form of government in Providence. Three years later, he obtained a grant of land for himself and 35 others from Governor Willem Kieft in New Netherland. The land was named after him and is called Throggs Neck, now a part of The Bronx in New York City. Other nearby English settlers included Thomas Cornell and Anne Hutchinson, who may have purchased her land from Throckmorton. The settlement was short-lived, however, and its fate was summed up by Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Winthrop in September 1643, who said that the Indians set upon the English who dwelt under the Dutch and killed "such of Mr. Throckmorton's and Mr. Cornhill's families as were at home." He further added that these settlers "had cast off ordinances and churches, and now at last their own people, and for larger accommodation had subjected themselves to the Dutch, and dwelt scatteringly near a mile assunder."

Some of those who escaped the Indian attack returned to Providence. Throckmorton was in Providence on 27 February 1647 when he was granted a house and land once belonging to Edward Cope. Soon he became active in civil affairs; he was a Providence Moderator in 1652 and from 1664 to 1675, and he served for eight years as Deputy to the General Assembly. He was also on the Providence Town Council in 1667, and ten years later he was the town treasurer. In July 1672, Throckmorton wrote one of three letters to Roger Williams critical of Williams' unfavorable opinions of the Quakers.

Throckmorton died in March or April 1684 in Middletown, New Jersey where he had gone to visit his children, and he was also buried there. He had owned land in Middletown but never resided there permanently.

John married Rebecca Farrand before 1635. Rebecca (daughter of Richard Farrand and Rebecca Harrison) was born about 1610. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In the church at Croydon was once a marble tomb inscribed:

HERE LIETH ELIZABETH BRADBURY
WYFE UNTO WYMOND BRADBURY OF
NEWPORT-POND IN ESSEX GENT. DAUGTHER
TO WILLIAM WHITGIFTE OF CLAVERINGE IN
THE COUNTY AFORESAID GENT. AND SECOND
BROTHER TO DOCTOR JOHN WHITGIFTE ARCH-
BISHOPPE OF CANTERBURY; AND WHO HAD
ISSUE BY HER ABOVE NAMED HUSBAND JANE,
WILLIAM, ANNE AND THOMAS, AND DECEASED
THE 26 DAY OF JUNE AN. DÑI 1612, BEING
OF THE AGE OF 38 YEARES AND THREE
MONTHS

Family/Spouse: Robert Coles. Robert was born in of Leigh, Worcestershire, England; died in Nov 1600. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Francis Gill. Francis was born in of London, England; died in 1605. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Wymond Bradbury about 1605. Wymond (son of William Bradbury and Anne Edon) was born before 16 May 1574; was christened on 16 May 1574 in Newport Pond, Essex, England; died about 1649 in Whitechapel, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He arrived in New England sometime in the 1630s. He is one of TNH's four "gateway ancestors," albeit one about whom the scholarly consensus has been very much in flux. That the William Wentworth of New England was the man baptized in Alford seems almost certain. That the man baptized in Alford had many gentry and aristocratic ancestors seems indisputable. That he had a provable "royal ancestry" was long at issue, but several recent articles in The American Genealogist would appear to have finally sorted matters:

Terry J. Booth, Paul C. Reed, and Nathaniel Lane Taylor, "The English Ancestry of William Wentworth of New Hampshire: Male-Line Ancestry for Five Generations." The American Genealogist 90:161, Jul 2018, and 90:263, Oct 2018.

Terry J. Booth, Paul C. Reed, and Nathaniel Lane Taylor, "Margaret de Brewse, First Wife of Sir Thomas Hawley (d. 1419-20) of Girsby, Lincolnshire." The American Genealogist 91:195, Jan/Apr 2020, published March 2021; 91:286, Jul/Oct 2020, published December 2022.

Terry J. Booth, "The Sothill, Fauconberge, and Greystoke Ancestry of William¹ Wentworth of New Hampshire." The American Genealogist 92:81, Jul/Oct 2021, published December 2022; 92:217, Jan/Apr 2022, published June 2023.

Cumulatively, these articles establish that the immigrant Wentworth's extensive medieval ancestry includes such crowned heads as King John of England; Alfonso IX of León and Galicia; Jeane de Briene, the Crusader "king" of Jerusalem; and (despite previous descents having been disproved) William "The Lion" of Scotland.

"William Wentworth (1616-1697) was a follower of John Wheelwright, and an early settler of New Hampshire. Coming from Alford in Lincolnshire, he likely came to New England with Wheelwright in 1636, but no records are found of him in Boston. When Wheelwright was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his role in the Antinomian Controversy, he established the settlement of Exeter, New Hampshire, and Wentworth followed him there and then to Wells, Maine. After Wheelwright left Wells for Hampton, New Hampshire, Wentworth went to Dover, New Hampshire, and this is where he lived the remainder of his life. He was the proprietor of a sawmill, and held several town offices, but is most noted for being an elder in his Dover church for nearly 40 years. He had 11 children with two wives, and has numerous descendants, including many of great prominence." [Wikipedia]

He was a signer of the Exeter Combination.

His near descendants included his grandson John Wentworth, Lieutenant Governor of New Hampshire 1717-1730, and New Hampshire governors Benning Wentworth (governor 1741-1767) and Sir John Wentworth (governor 1767-1775); also John Wentworth, Speaker of the New Hampshire House 1771-1778.

A book-length biographical study of him is William Wentworth, Puritan Preacher by Susan Ostberg; Lincoln, Nebraska: iUniverse, 2006.

William married Elizabeth Knight about 1644. Elizabeth (daughter of Ezekiel Knight and Ann) was born about 1626; died after 1678. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert Rich. Robert (son of Robert Rich and Elizabeth Baldry) was born on 25 Dec 1559; died on 24 Mar 1619. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

The Descendants of Dr. Nathaniel Saltonstall of Haverhill makes her a daughter of Thomas West, 3rd Baron de la Ware (1577-1618), royal governor of Virginia from 1610 to 1618, and the man after whom Delaware is named. This appears to be an error--he was her brother.

Elizabeth married Richard Saltonstall before 5 Nov 1628. Richard (son of Samuel Saltonstall and Anne Ramsden) was born before 4 Apr 1586; was christened on 4 Apr 1586 in Rookes Hall, Highcliffe in Hipperholme, Halifax, Yorkshire, England; died before 25 Oct 1661 in Crayford, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

3rd Lord La Warr (or De la Warr), after whom the bay, river, and ultimately the state of Delaware are named.

He was appointed governor-for-life and captain-general of the colony of Virginia on 28 Feb 1610, replacing the governing council of the colony under the presidency of Captain John Smith.

Nathaniel married Frances Greville in 1621 in Virginia. Frances died before 10 May 1633. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1631

Family/Spouse: Grace Reddish. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1669, London, England

Notes:

Her second husband was the Rev. Sydrach Simpson, Master of Pembroke Hall at the University of Cambridge.

Isabella married John Launce about 1619. John (son of Robert Launce and Susan Tubb) was born about 1597 in of Penair in St. Clement, Cornwall, England; died before 25 Jun 1635; was buried on 25 Jun 1635 in St. Clement, Cornwall, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Muriel married Brampton Gurdon on 8 Jul 1606 in St. Peter's, Morley, Norfolk, England. Brampton (son of John Gurdon and Amy Brampton) was born in 1566 in of Assington, Suffolk, England; died before 2 Apr 1650; was buried on 2 Apr 1650 in Assington, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married John Peyton on 25 Nov 1602 in Isleham, Cambridgeshire, England. John (son of John Peyton and Dorothy Beaupré) was born about 1579 in of Doddington, Cambridgeshire, England; died between 24 Feb 1635 and 22 Apr 1635. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Baptised: 8 Aug 1579, All Hallows', Almondbury, Yorkshire, England´

Grace married Richard Saltonstall on 28 Nov 1609 in Almondbury, Yorkshire, England. Richard (son of Samuel Saltonstall and Anne Ramsden) was born before 4 Apr 1586; was christened on 4 Apr 1586 in Rookes Hall, Highcliffe in Hipperholme, Halifax, Yorkshire, England; died before 25 Oct 1661 in Crayford, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Sewall. Henry (son of Richard Sewall and Mary Dugdale) was born in of Charles County, Maryland; died between 25 Apr 1664 and 17 Apr 1665 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married Charles Calvert, Governor of Maryland about 1666. Charles (son of Cecilius Calvert and Anne Arundell) was born on 27 Aug 1637; died on 21 Feb 1715; was buried in St. Pancras, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 31 Aug 1671 and 15 Feb 1672

Notes:

At Jamestown 23 May 1625; removed to Maryland in 1638. Member of the Provincial Council, 1638-44, and of the Maryland Assembly, 1639, 1641, 1642, and 1648. Acting Governor and Lieutenant-General of Maryland, 1643-44.

“A band of Parliamentarians led by Richard Ingle and William Claiborne attacked St. Mary’s City on February 14, 1644/5, and carried Giles Brent, Father Andrew White, and others in chains to England. Upon his arrival in London, Giles brought suit against his captors and returned to Maryland before June 19, 1647.” [Roberta Estes, citation details below.]

Giles married Mary Kittamaquund before 9 Jan 1645. Mary (daughter of Kittamaquund, Tapac of the Piscataway) was born about 1631 in Maryland; was christened after 15 Feb 1641; died between 18 Apr 1654 and 4 Sep 1655. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

George married Anne Peyton after 1635. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1671, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts

Notes:

She was a "gateway ancestor," one of LD's five.

Jane married John Lugg on 3 Jan 1628 in St. Nicholas, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. John (son of Richard Lugg) was born before 11 Jul 1595; was christened on 11 Jul 1595 in St. Nicholas, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England; died before 10 Sep 1646; was buried on 10 Sep 1646 in St. Nicholas, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

The Great Migration Begins shows her baptismal date as 16 Jan 1614, which we suspect may simply be a case of absent-mindedly rendering the date in old style.

Katherine married Thomas Dudley, Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony on 4 Apr 1644 in Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Thomas (son of Capt. Roger Dudley and Susanna Dorne) was born on 12 Oct 1576 in Yardley Hastings, Northamptonshire, England; died on 31 Jul 1653 in Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was buried on 6 Aug 1653 in Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married Capt. William Torrey on 17 Mar 1629. William (son of Philip Torrey and Alice Richards) was born before 21 Dec 1608; was christened on 21 Dec 1608 in Combe St. Nicholas, Somerset, England; died on 10 Jun 1690 in Weymouth, Norfolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 17 May 1709

Notes:

Or Anne.

Annis married John Greene before 1649. John (son of Dr. John Greene and Joan Tattershall) was born before 15 Aug 1620 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England; was christened on 15 Aug 1620 in St. Thomas, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England; died on 27 Nov 1708 in Warwick, Kent, Rhode Island. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Alice Stout on 12 Dec 1670. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Administration of her husband's estate was granted to her on 19 May 1705.

Deliverance married James Ashton on 25 May 1669 in Providence, Providence, Rhode Island. James died before 19 May 1705 in Monmouth County, New Jersey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sarah Leonard. Sarah (daughter of Henry Leonard and Mary) was born on 26 Jul 1663 in Lynn, Essex, Massachusetts; died on 5 Feb 1743 in Shrewsbury, Monmouth, New Jersey; was buried in Christ Churchyard, Shrewsbury, Monmouth, New Jersey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Arrived in 1635; first at York, Maine, then in Salisbury by 1640. He was initially a business agent for Ferdinando Gorges, to whom it has been said he was related. Obviously the beneficiary of a fine education, he held many public offices in his long life, and numerous samples of his excellent handwriting have survived to the present day.

Over time he has had several descents from the Plantagenet kings attributed to him, but most of them have been disproved. (The exception is a descent from Edward I for which Marshall K. Kirk made a very persuasive but not conclusive case in "A Probable Royal Descent for Thomas Bradbury of Salisbury, Massachusetts", NEHGR 161:27, 2007.) Nevertheless, Thomas Bradbury's proven ancestry extends far back into the Middle Ages. One of his great-uncles was an Archbishop of Canterbury; a 3XG-uncle, also named Thomas Bradbury, was a mayor of London. As Marshall K. Kirk wrote, "Unlike most immigrants to seventeenth-century New England, Thomas Bradbury's ancestry rates an entire book. Given his social standing as a member of the gentry and his business dealings with Sir Fernando Gorges, it would stand to reason that a royal descent from a Plantagenet king should be provable for Thomas Bradbury. Many of his siblings and aunts and uncles married people with such descent."

John Brooks Threlfall's The Ancestry of Thomas Bradbury (1611-1695) and His Wife Mary (Perkins) Bradbury (1615-1700) of Salisbury, Massachusetts, of which we have the second of three editions, traces for him a descent from Charlemagne through the Marmions of Checkingden, Oxfordshire, which seems to us sufficiently well-argued. But whether or not this descent is valid, the sheer number and variety of Thomas Bradbury's proven medieval forebears seems to us to earn him the title of "gateway ancestor" for his descendant JDM.

Thomas married Mary Perkins about 1636. Mary (daughter of John Perkins and Judith Gater) was born before 3 Sep 1615; was christened on 3 Sep 1615 in Hillmorton, Warwickshire, England; died on 20 Dec 1700 in Salisbury, Essex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1651, Dover, Strafford, New Hampshire
• Alternate death: Between Oct 1711 and May 1712
• Alternate death: Abt 1712
• Alternate death: 1714, Salmon Falls, Rollinsford, New Hampshire

Notes:

Selectman of Dover, New Hampshire, 1702.

Representative in the New Hampshire legislature, from Dover, 1711. "His descendants for six successive generations subsequent to himself have been in the New Hampshire legislature. [...] He married, in 1676 or before, Elizabeth _____, by whom he had seven children: Thomas, John, Paul, Benjamin, Gershom, Tamsen and Elizabeth." [Genealogical and Family History of the State of New Hampshire, citation details below.]

From The Wentworth Genealogy (citation details below):

"The time of his death can be arrived at only by reference to the Journal of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, in the office of the Secretary of the State, which contains nothing prior to 9 May 1711. He was present as Representative of Dover (his colleagues being Capt. Nathaniel Hill and Stephen Jones) at the sessions of June and July, September and October, 1711. The House adjourned 30 October 1711, to 15 November 1711. He was not present at that session, nor at the one commencing in February 1712. The Journal of the House, 6 May 1712, reads thus:

"'Upon the death of Mr. Ezekiel Wentworth, Capt. Timothy Gerrish was chosen Representative from the town of Dover, and this day appeared and was qualified.'

"The following is also from the records:

"'Memorandum. That Ezekiel Wentworth, Mr. Stephen Jones, and Capt. Nathaniel Hill had their debentures from October 23, 1710, to May 10, 1712. Capt. Hill, 73 days; Ezekiel Wentworth, 37 days; Mr. Jones, 25 days.'

"These '37 days' were doubtless all before 30 October 1711, and so it is impossible to tell how long after that day, or how long before 6 May 1712, Ezekiel died."

Ezekiel married Elizabeth about 1669 in Salmon Falls, Rollinsford, New Hampshire. Elizabeth was born about 1650; died before 9 Mar 1726. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

2nd Earl of Warwick.

From Donald Lines Jacobus(citation details below):

The second Earl of Warwick is known to history for his activity in forwarding the American colonies. He also engaged in privateering. He was one of the original members of the com- pany for the plantation of the Somers Islands or Bermudas (29 June 1614). He was on the Couneil of the New England Company, 3 Nov. 1620, and on the Council of the Virginia Company, 1624. He was signatory of the Patent (1 June 1621) under which Plymouth Colony existed for the first eight years; and as president of the New England Company signed the second Patent (13 Jan. 1630) to William Bradford. His influence procured the Patent for the Massachusetts Bay Colony (19 Mar. 1628). On 19 Mar. 1632, Warwick granted to Lord Say, Lord Brooke, John Hampden and others, the old patent under which Saybrook was established.

Under the Long Parliament Warwick was appointed Lord High Admiral of England, and head of the commission for the governing of the colonies. In the latter capacity, Warwick granted to Roger Williams the Patent incorporating Providence Plantations. He intervened with the Massachusetts government on behalf of Samuel Gorton, who named his settlement Warwick (Rhode Island) in honor of the Earl. He was a liberal Puritan, and a friend to Puritan clergymen. On 4 Nov. 1645, he issued a declaration establishing freedom of worship in Bermuda. A parish in that place was renamed Warwick for him.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Newhall, Derbyshire, England

Edward married Elizabeth Stanhope after 1634. Elizabeth (daughter of Philip Stanhope) died about 1683. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of AP's two proven gateway ancestors.

Cotton Mather, in Magnalia Christi Americana, called Mary Launce, second wife of the Rev. John Sherman, a "young gentlewoman [...] a Person of good Education, and Reputation, and honorably descended," whose mother was "daughter to the Lord Darcy, who was Earl of Rivers." She certainly was not, and in his pioneering 1860-64 Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England, James Savage took delight at exercising his well-known animus against Mather, who "tells of this wife calling her mother daughter of Darcy, Earl Rivers, one of the Popish Counsellors of Charles I who had no daughter that married a Launce." Savage continues: "If [Mary Launce Sherman] did give [her husband] these myths of her noble descent [...] either she was insane, which he had not sanity enough to discover, or she was irreverently playing on his bottomless credulity." It was left to the great Donald Lines Jacobus, founder of the twentieth-century "Jacobus School" of skeptical, fact-based genealogy, to point out, in a 1944 article, "The Family of Rev. John Sherman" (citation details below), that Mary Launce's mother really was a Darcy, albeit one of the Darcy family of Kent. Isabella Darcy of London, daughter of Sir Edward Darcy, a confidant and ally of Elizabeth I, first married John Launce of Cornwall and, secondly, the Rev. Sydrach Simpson, master of Pembroke Hall at Cambridge University. Her 1668 will names, with others, her sons James Launce and Darcy Launce, and her daughter Mary Sherman. In a subsequent article, "The Darcy Ancestry of Mrs. John Sherman" (citation details below), Jacobus put forth further proofs of Mary Launce's parentage, calling it a "perfect chain of evidence" and remarking that "Few English lines of early colonists are so thoroughly proved."

Descendants of the Rev. John Sherman and Mary Launce include Norman Rockwell, Declaration of Independence signer Robert Treat Paine, and the 68th governor of Massachusetts, William Weld.

Regarding the date of her death, the Early New England Families Study Project (citation details below) states only that she "[d]ied probably at Watertown between 15 October 1705 and 24 December 1712. She was living on 20 October 1704, when she acknowledged a deed." But Watertown records (citation details below) clearly state "m^s Mary Sherman (widow of mr. John Sherman Late: R^d: pastor of the church in watertown) deceas^t march : 9 : 1709/10".

Mary married Rev. John Sherman about 1647. John (son of Edmund Sherman and Grace Makin) was born on 26 Dec 1613 in Dedham, Essex, England; was christened on 4 Jan 1614 in Dedham, Essex, England; died on 8 Aug 1685 in Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts; was buried in East Watertown, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 22 Apr 1688, Hulme, Lancashire, England
• Alternate death: Bef 25 Apr 1688

Notes:

One of JTS's eleven proven "gateway ancestors."

She went to New England with he husband in 1635, but by 1643 it was evident that colonial life was taking a serious toll on her health. On 10 May 1643 Richard Saltonstall was granted permission to leave the Massachusetts General Court due to her illness. They returned to England late in 1645; he then went immediately back to New England.

"There is no evidence that Muriel Saltonstall was ever in New England again. Henry Newcome saw the Saltonstalls at Hulme in Lancashire on 19 June 1667, and reported that she was very weak. She died in 1688. Newcome preached her funeral sermon at Didsbury. Muriel Saltonstall's dislike of New England apparently extended to a desire that her portrait should not be sent to Massachusetts after her death." [Abandoning America, citation details below.]

Muriel married Maj. Richard Saltonstall on 4 Jul 1633 in All Hallows, Honey Lane, London, England. Richard (son of Richard Saltonstall and Grace Kaye) was born before 1 Oct 1610; was christened on 1 Oct 1610 in All Hallows', Almondbury, Yorkshire, England; died on 29 Apr 1694 in Hulme, Lancaster, England; was buried on 2 May 1694 in St. James', Didsbury, Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married George Brent after 1635. George (son of Richard Brent and Elizabeth Reade) was born in 1602 in of Defford, Worcestershire, England; died in 1671. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of JTS's eleven proven "gateway ancestors."

He went to New England with his father in 1630, the first of at least eight Atlantic crossings in his lifetime. He was a man of many interests and offices, both in New England and during England's commonwealth period. Notably, back in New England after the Restoration, Richard Saltonstall donated £50 to support the fugitive regicides William Goffe and Edward Whalley, and he was one of the few people who knew where in New England they were hiding. He was also on several occasions embroiled in political conflict with the Winthrop/Dudley government of colonial Boston.

Richard married Muriel Gurdon on 4 Jul 1633 in All Hallows, Honey Lane, London, England. Muriel (daughter of Brampton Gurdon and Muriel Sedley) was born about 1613; died on 21 Apr 1688 in Hulme, Lancashire, England; was buried on 25 Apr 1688 in St. James' Church, Didsbury, Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Col. George Brent on 27 Mar 1687. George (son of George Brent and Anne Peyton) was born about 1640 in of Woodstock, Stafford, Virginia; died between 1694 and 1700 in Woodstock, Stafford, Virginia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

For DNA evidence that Mary Brent married Charles Beaven and that their descendants carry DNA indicating descent from Mary Kittamaquund, see Daughters of Princess Mary Kittamaquund by Shawn Henry Potter and Lois Carol Potter.

Mary married Charles Beaven about 1674. Charles died between 20 Jun 1698 and 21 Jun 1699 in Prince George's County, Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

George married Mary Sewall on 27 Mar 1687. Mary (daughter of Henry Sewall and Jane Lowe) was born between 1658 and 1659; died on 12 Mar 1694. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Esther married James Bell before 1658. James was born about 1633; died in 1676 in Raynham, Bristol, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Esther married Richard Marshall on 11 Feb 1677. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was minister at Hull, 1656-1664, and minister of the First Parish of Weymouth, 1664 to 1707.

Samuel married Mercy Chickering on 30 Jul 1695 in Braintree, Norfolk, Massachusetts. Mercy (daughter of Francis Chickering and Anne Fiske) was born in Apr 1648 in Dedham, Norfolk, Massachusetts; was christened on 9 Apr 1648 in Dedham, Norfolk, Massachusetts; died on 12 Mar 1721 in Weymouth, Norfolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of DGH's four proven gateway ancestors.

William married Deborah about 1668. Deborah was born about 1649; died on 8 Feb 1729 in Weymouth, Norfolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Deputy to the Rhode Island legislature in 1704, 1707, 1708, 1714, 1715, and 1719.

Samuel married Mary Gorton on 24 Jan 1695. Mary (daughter of Benjamin Gorton and Sarah Carder) was born on 31 Oct 1673; died in Jan 1732. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Rebecca married David Stout in 1688. David (son of Richard Stout and Penelope) was born in 1667; died after 1725 in Amwell, Hunterdon, New Jersey. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married John Stanyan on 15 Dec 1663 in Hampton, Rockingham, New Hampshire. John (son of Anthony Stanyan and Mary) was born on 16 Jul 1642 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was christened on 24 Jul 1642 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 27 Sep 1718. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Tamsen, widow of James Chesley, and daughter of Deacon Ezekiel Wentworth." [Genealogical and Family History of the State of New Hampshire, citation details below.]

Tamsen married James Chesley on 29 Dec 1704 in Dover, Strafford, New Hampshire. James (son of Philip Chesley and Sarah Rollins) died on 17 Sep 1707 in Dover, Strafford, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Tamsen married John Hayes before 1711. John (son of John Hayes and Mary) was born in Jul 1686 in Dover, Strafford, New Hampshire; died on 3 Jul 1756 in Dover, Strafford, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Erasmus Phillips about 1 Sep 1660. Erasmus (son of Richard Phillips and Elizabeth Dryden) was born in of Picton Castle, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 18 Jan 1697. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1645

Notes:

Minister at Sudbury, Massachusetts, Elizabethtown, New Jersey, and Salem, Massachusetts.

James married Mary Walker on 13 May 1680 in Sudbury, Middlesex, Massachusetts. Mary (daughter of Thomas Walker and Mary Stone) was born on 9 Aug 1661 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died after 11 Mar 1709. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]