Maud de Hastings

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 20 Mar 1404 and 22 Apr 1404

Family/Spouse: Robert de la Mare. Robert (son of Peter de la Mare) was born about 1314 in of Lavington in Market Lavington, Wiltshire, England; died on 13 Jan 1382. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Willelma married John Roches before Apr 1376. John (son of John de Roches and Agnes de Berwick) was born about 1333 in of Roche in Bromham, Wiltshire, England; died on 30 Sep 1400. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joan de la Roche.

Joan married Nicholas de Baynton after 20 Jun 1401. Nicholas (son of Nicholas de Baynton and Joan d'Aundeley) was born about 1381 in of Faulstone in Bishopston, Wiltshire, England; died in 1421. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1407

Notes:

Sheriff of Wiltshire 1443-44. Knight of the shire for Wiltshire 1445, 1446, and 1449.

Family/Spouse: Joan. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Fought for Henry IV at Tewkesbury, 4 May 1471; taken prisoner and attainted.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Haute. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Prowse. Thomas was born in of Dodderidge, Devon, England; died before 1516. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"In 1504 he obtained a reversal of the attainder of his father, with a restoration in blood and inheritance, and thus recovered his father's lands." [Royal Ancestry]

Family/Spouse: Joan Digges. Joan (daughter of Thomas Digges) died before 31 Oct 1516. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married John Gye before 1516. John was born in of Kingsbridge, Devon, England; died on 14 Aug 1536. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1495
• Alternate birth: Abt 1495

Notes:

A courtier and survivor at the court of Henry VIII, perhaps best described as a combination of Littlefinger and the Vicar of Bray.

Sheriff of Wiltshire, 1522-23. Esquire of the body to Henry VIII by 1522. Knight of the shire for Wiltshire, 1529 and 1539. Burgess for Wilton in 1542.

"[H]e was an astute courtier who served in the royal household (he was vice-chamberlain to all save the first of Henry VIII's wives) and on military expeditions to the Scottish borders and France, as well as in local affairs. He sat in the parliaments of 1529 and 1539 as a knight of the shire for Wiltshire, and in that of 1542 as a burgess for Wilton. Probably during his association with Thomas Cromwell he began the family tradition of strong protestantism, and at the dissolution he gained much former monastic land in and near Wiltshire, especially the site of Stanley Abbey and sixteen of its manors. He built an imposing manor house at Bromham, which was said to be almost as large as the king's new court at Whitehall, and which remained the family's chief residence until demolished during the civil war. [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Edward married Isabel Leigh about 18 Jan 1532. Isabel (daughter of Ralph Leigh and Joyce Culpeper) died on 16 Feb 1573. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Grace Dowrish after 1558. Grace (daughter of Thomas Dowrish and Anne Farringdon) died before 1604. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

MP for Malmesbury, 1572; Devizes, 1584 and 1586; Old Sarum, 1589, and possibly Devizes again in 1593.

"In 1593 he succeeded his mother to the site and demesnes of the monastery of Edington, Wiltshire. He so despoiled the house there, that the Marquess of Wiltshire alleged that £1000 would not repair it." [Royal Ancestry, citation details below.]

Family/Spouse: Anne Cavendish. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors", and one of TSW's eight.

Mary married Rev. John Maverick on 28 Oct 1600 in Ilsington, Devon, England. John (son of Peter Mavericke and Dorothy Tucke) was born before 28 Dec 1578; was christened on 28 Dec 1578 in Awliscombe, Devon, England; died on 3 Feb 1636 in Dorchester, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

His wife's grandfather, William Weare alias, innkeeper of Salisbury, left to her all his lands and tenements in Salisbury, by which means Ferdinando Baynton became an innkeeper himself. Observed Walter Goodwin Davis (citation details below), "As the third son of a fourth son of his grandfather, Sir Edward Baynton, Ferdinando would have expcted no share in his family's great wealth and it seems obvious that he got none."

Ferdinando married Jane Weare alias Browne about 1598. Jane (daughter of John Weare alias Browne) died after 1629. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elias married Anna Harris before 1635. Anna (daughter of Thomas Harris alias Williams and Elizabeth) was born before 28 Feb 1614; was christened on 28 Feb 1614 in Newnham, Hertfordshire, England; died on 7 Sep 1697 in Reading, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Through his efforts, Marblehead became a separate entity from Salem in 1649. In reward for these efforts, he was elected as one of the first selectmen in 1649, a position he would hold for fourteen years between 1649 and his death. He held various other local positions and was the town's leading figure." [Wikipedia, accessed 19 Sep 2020]

Moses married Remember Allerton before 6 May 1635 in Marblehead, Essex, Massachusetts. Remember (daughter of Isaac Allerton and Mary Norris) was born about 1615 in Leiden, Netherlands; died between 12 Sep 1652 and 22 Oct 1656. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Baptised: 23 Sep 1602

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors."

"Because in all probability no other seventeenth-century English emigrant to America had so many close kinsmen of high rank as Anne possessed, they are partially listed here, at the risk of repetition. Through her great-aunt Bridget Baynton, Anne was the second cousin of the Countess of Suffolk, the Countess of Lincoln and the Countess of Rutland, and the second cousin, once removed, of the Duchess of Buckingham. Through her great-grandfather Sir William Cavendish, she was a great-niece of the Earl of Devonshire, the Countess of Shrewsbury and the Countess of Lennox, and the first cousin, once removed, of Lady Arabella Stuart, the Duke of Newcastle and the Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull. This constitutes an outstanding example of the fluidity of English society, a fluidity which would have been almost impossible in the caste systems of the European continent." [Walter Goodwin Davis, citation details below.]

Davis is probably right that "no other seventeenth-century English emigrant to America had so many close kinsmen of high rank as Anne possessed", although Mary Launce (ancestor of AP) was probably competitive. Meanwhile, gateway ancestor Elizabeth St. John (ancestor of JTS) was probably the emigrant most closely related to contemporary English royalty, being a half fifth cousin once removed to Charles I. Anne Baynton was a sixth cousin once removed to that particular monarch, through common ancestors Richard Wydevill and Joan Bittlesgate.

"In 1664 [...] Anne, wrote Lord Clarendon in England requesting help restoring a wine license formerly granted to her father." [Royal Ancestry, citation details below]

Anne married Christopher Batt on 12 Oct 1629 in St. Edmund's, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. Christopher (son of Thomas Batt and Joane Byley) was born before 6 Jul 1601; was christened on 6 Jul 1601 in St. Edmund's, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England; died on 9 Aug 1661 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Abigail married Matthew Clarke on 4 Jun 1655. Matthew was born in 1627; died in 1684. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Abigail married Benjamin Balch on 5 Feb 1689. Benjamin (son of John Balch and Margery) was born about 1629; died after 31 Jan 1715. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 30 Sep 1649, Marblehead, Essex, Massachusetts
• Alternate death: Between Jan 1686 and 29 Nov 1698
• Alternate death: Between Jan 1686 and 3 Nov 1698
• Alternate death: 29 Nov 1698, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts

Elizabeth married Thomas Skinner about 1676. Thomas was born about 1644; died on 28 Dec 1690 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Edmond Angier on 12 Jun 1657 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. Edmond (son of John Angier and Ann Sherman) was born before 31 Mar 1612; was christened on 31 Mar 1612 in Dedham, Essex, England; died on 4 Mar 1692 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married Dr. Peter Toppan on 3 Apr 1661 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts. Peter (son of Abraham Toppan and Susanna Taylor) was born in Aug 1633; was christened in Aug 1633 in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, England; died on 3 Nov 1707 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married John Stacy on 26 Aug 1689. John (son of Thomas Stacy and Susanna Worcester) was born on 16 Mar 1667 in Ipswich, Essex, Massachusetts; died on 22 Feb 1732 in Gloucester, Essex, Massachusetts; was buried in First Parish Burial Ground, Gloucester, Essex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 1728 and 1736
• Alternate death: Bef 27 Dec 1736

Abigail married Nathaniel Coney on 6 Sep 1711 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Nathaniel (son of John Coney and Elizabeth Nash) was born before 24 Mar 1677; was christened on 24 Mar 1677 in Second Church, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 19 Nov 1742 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Jonathan Pierpont on 29 Oct 1691. Jonathan (son of Robert Pierpont) died on 2 Jun 1709 in Reading, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Samuel married Abigail Wigglesworth on 23 Dec 1700 in Malden, Middlesex, Massachusetts. Abigail (daughter of Rev. Michael Wigglesworth and Martha Mudge) was born on 20 Mar 1681 in Malden, Middlesex, Massachusetts; died on 28 Jan 1771 in Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Ebenezer Goodspeed on 7 Nov 1711 in Barnstable, Barnstable, Massachusetts. Ebenezer (son of Ebenezer Goodspeed and Lydia Crowell) was born on 10 Sep 1685 in Barnstable, Barnstable, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Abigail married Michael Lowell on 18 Feb 1734 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Michael (son of Ebenezer Lowell and Elizabeth Shailer) was born on 22 Dec 1709 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 12 May 1761 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was buried in Granary Burying Ground, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anna married Aaron Guild about 1756. Aaron (son of Nathaniel Guild and Mehitable) was born on 5 Apr 1728 in Dedham, Norfolk, Massachusetts; died on 3 Feb 1818 in Dedham, Norfolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Enoch Sawyer. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 28 Feb 1720, Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts

Notes:

Also spelled Toppan. Graduated Harvard in 1742, taught school in Haverhill, and was ordained and installed as pastor over the Congregational Church in Manchester in December of 1745, a position he held until his death forty-five years later.

Benjamin married Elizabeth Marsh on 5 Oct 1746. Elizabeth (daughter of David Marsh and Mary Moody) was born on 29 Jun 1723 in Haverhill, Essex, Massachusetts; died on 24 Sep 1807 in Manchester, Essex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married John Blish on 15 Nov 1739. John (son of Reuben Blish and Elizabeth Bodfish) was born on 9 Sep 1717 in Barnstable, Barnstable, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married William Darracott on 25 Dec 1783. William (son of William Darracott and Sarah) was born on 24 Apr 1754 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 16 Oct 1806 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jacob married Chloe May on 1 Jan 1781. Chloe (daughter of Nathaniel May and Sarah Blackman) was born on 6 Sep 1764 in Stoughton, Norfolk, Massachusetts; died on 27 Mar 1848 in Dedham, Norfolk, Massachusetts; was buried in Old Parish Cemetery, Norwood, Norfolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Parsons. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 21 Oct 1747, Manchester, Essex, Massachusetts

Notes:

He was a goldsmith and a storekeeper. According to Tappan-Toppan Genealogy (citation details below), he marched with other volunteers from Northampton to meet the forces of Burgoyne at Saratoga.

Benjamin married Sarah Holmes on 22 Oct 1770 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Sarah (daughter of William Homes and Rebecca Dawes) was born on 2 Jan 1748 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 21 Mar 1826 in Northampton, Hampshire, Massachusetts; was buried in Bridge Street Cemetery, Northampton, Hampshire, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Vassalboro, Kennebec, Maine

Notes:

Winslow Memorial (citation details below) calls him, evidently incorrectly, "Stephen Blish." Both mentions of him in the Barnstable town records call him Stacy Blish.

Stacy married Mary Baxter on 25 Nov 1773. Mary (daughter of Joseph Baxter and Hannah North) was born on 28 May 1752; died in 1836. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Shared with his son-in-law Joseph Nason, U.S. patent 1,261, 26 Jul 1839, for an "Argand Gas-Burner."

The handwritten registry that records his death in Boston on 13 Jul 1865 calls his occupation "gentleman" and names his parents William and Mary.

"George Darracott, one of our Directors, died on the 13th day of July last, in his 81st year. He was born Oct. 6, 1784, and was of Norman-English descent, his ancestors having resided for many generations in Devonshire, England. Commencing business on a moderate scale, he soon developed a taste for mechanical ingenuity and improvements. In 1826, he projected the Marine Railway for the merchant service of Boston, the construction and management of which during a period of nine years were intrusted to his care. He superintended the affairs of the Boston Gas-Light Company for sixteen years. He was a member of the Board of Health at a time when the visitation of the yellow fever at this port caused a serious alarm, and he assisted in adopting the most efficient measures to stay its ravages. He served at another time of excitement, in the introduction of the Voluntary Fire Department, as an assistant engineer. He was a Director of one of the public institutions of the city, a Representative to the General Court, and President of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association. Of the latter, he was one of its early and prominent members; he was long associated in the management of its affairs, displaying great intelligence and persevering industry. He exhibited the same devotion to the interests of the Bunker-Hill-Monument Association, of which he was Director for thirty-four years, and, in 1840-1843, was a member of the Building Committee; in 1835, with Mr. Thorndike and Mr. Hammond,he made a long and laborious calculation of the cost of the work remaining to be done, on two different plans, by calculating the contents of each stone in every course to be laid, and estimating the cost thereof, for which service the Committee received a special vote of thanks on the part of the Corporation." [Proceedings of the Bunker Hill Monument Association at the Annual Meeting on Monday, June 18, 1866, citation details below.]

George married Sarah "Sally" Clark on 18 Jan 1807. Sarah (daughter of James Clark and Mehitable Lambert) was born on 6 Aug 1787; died on 16 Jun 1859 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Nancy married Leavitt Nason on 3 Apr 1808. Leavitt (son of Nathaniel Nason and Abiah Hartshorn) was born in 1782 in Walpole, Norfolk, Massachusetts; died on 9 Dec 1866 in Pepperell, Middlesex, Massachusetts; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Fitzwilliam Sargent. Fitzwilliam (son of Winthrop Sargent and Judith Sanders) was born on 14 Aug 1768 in Gloucester, Essex, Massachusetts; died on 6 Oct 1822 in Newton, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[A]n Ohio judge and Democratic politician who served in the Ohio State Senate and the United States Senate. He was an early settler of the Connecticut Western Reserve in northeastern Ohio and was one of the first settlers in Portage County and the founder of the city of Ravenna, Ohio." [Wikipedia]

"TAPPAN, Benjamin, a Senator from Ohio; born in Northampton, Mass., May 25, 1773; attended the public schools; apprenticed as printer and engraver; traveled to the West Indies; studied painting with Gilbert Stuart; studied law; admitted to the bar in Hartford, Conn., and commenced practice in Ravenna, Ohio, in 1799; member, State senate 1803-1805; moved to Steubenville, Ohio, in 1809 and continued the practice of law; served in the War of 1812; held several local offices; county judge; judge of the fifth Ohio Circuit Court of Common Pleas 1816-1823; presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1832; United States district judge of Ohio 1833; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1839, to March 3, 1845; chairman, Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses (Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses), Committee on the Library (Twenty-seventh Congress); censured by the Senate in 1844 for breach of confidence for passing copies of a proposed treaty with Texas to the press; died in Steubenville, Jefferson County, Ohio, April 20, 1857; interment in Union Cemetery." [Biographical Dictionary of the United States Congress]

An Ohio state historical marker placed in the year 2000 at Ravenna reads: "BENJAMIN TAPPAN, JR. (1773-1857) - The founder of Ravenna Township in 1799, Benjamin Tappan, Jr. led a distinguished life of public service. An aggressive force in local politics, he served in the Ohio Senate from 1803 to 1805, as judge of the fifth court of common pleas from 1816 to 1823, and as a Federal district judge from 1826 to 1833. Tappan served as aid-de-camp to Major General Elijah Wadsworth following the surrender of Detroit in the War of 1812, provisioning and arming local militia units defending the northwest frontier against a possible British invasion."

After his retirement from electoral politics, in 1838 Benjamin Tappan formed a law partnership with Edwin M. Stanton, who would later be Secretary of War throughout the Civil War, under both Lincoln and Johnson. It was Johnson's attempt to fire Stanton that led to his impeachment. Tappan's son Benjamin Stanton, M.D. (1812-1884) married, as his first wife, in May 1838, Oella Stanton, sister of Edwin M. Stanton.

Benjamin married Elizabeth "Betsy" Lord in 1823. Elizabeth (daughter of Abner Lord and Mary Selden) was born on 16 Jul 1784 in Lyme, New London, Connecticut; died on 14 Jun 1840. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Arthur Tappan was a New York drygoods merchant, and an abolitionist. He was widely known as a patron of religious and patriotic organizations, endowed Lane Seminary at Cincinnati, a professorship at Auburn Theological Seminary, and built Tappan Hall at Oberlin College, Ohio; he assisted in founding the Journal of Commerce and the Emancipator, and was first president of the Anti-Slavery Society. He aided in sustaining the Liberator, and by paying an enormous fine, freed William Lloyd Garrison from the Baltimore jail. One of the most notable of his benefactions was his paying the tuition of one hundred divinity students for four years at Yale College." [Tappan-Toppan Genealogy, citation details below]

From Wikipedia (accessed 9 May 2021):

In 1826, a year after the Erie Canal was completed, Arthur and his brother Lewis moved to New York City, the new national center of business and retail trade, where they established a silk importing business. With Samuel Morse, in 1827 the brothers founded the New York Journal of Commerce.

Arthur and Lewis Tappan were successful businessmen, but commerce was never their foremost interest. They viewed making money as less important than saving souls. They made the Journal of Commerce a publication free of "immoral advertisements." Arthur Tappan's summer home in New Haven, Connecticut, was destroyed by a mob in 1831 (along with a black hotel and a black home) after his support for a surprisingly unpopular (New Haven Excitement) proposal of a college for African Americans in that city.

Both men suffered in the anti-abolitionist riots of 1834, in which mobs attacked their property. Arthur Tappan was one of two signatories who issued a disclaimer on behalf of the American Anti-Slavery Society, of which he was president, in the aftermath of the riots, emphasising its dedication to abolishing slavery within the existing laws of the United States.

"In the great commercial crisis of 1837 he suffered immense losses; and not long after turned his attention to other and more retired occupations, by which he obtained a comfortable subsistence for his family, and the ability still to contribute, though on a greatly diminished scale, throughout his protracted life." [The Life of Arthur Tappan by Lewis Tappan, 1870, page 405.] Their philanthropic efforts crippled and pledges not met, the Tappans were forced to close their silk-importing business, and almost their paper, but the brothers persevered. In the 1840s, they founded another lucrative business enterprise when they opened the first commercial credit-rating service, the Mercantile Agency, a predecessor of Dun and Bradstreet.

The Tappan brothers made their mark in commerce and in abolitionism. Throughout their careers, the Tappans devoted time and money to philanthropic causes as diverse as temperance, the abolition of slavery, and their support of new colleges in what was then the west of the country: successively, the Oneida Institute, Lane Theological Seminary, the Lane Rebels at Cumminsville, Ohio, and Oberlin Collegiate Institute. Their beliefs about observing Sabbath extended to campaigns against providing stagecoach service and mail deliveries on Sundays.

In 1833, while a principal owner of the Journal of Commerce, Arthur Tappan allied with William Lloyd Garrison and co-founded the American Anti-Slavery Society. Arthur served as its first president, and there was in 1835 a reward of $20,000 (equivalent to $495,677 in 2019) for his capture and delivery to New Orleans.

He resigned in 1840 because of his opposition to the society's new support of women's suffrage and feminism. Their early support for Oberlin College, a center of abolitionist activity, included $10,000 to build Tappan Hall. Oberlin's green Tappan Square now occupies the site.

Continuing their support for abolition, Arthur and his brother founded the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society in 1840 and the American Missionary Association in 1846. After the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was passed, Tappan refused to comply with the new law and donated money to the Underground Railroad. The brothers' positions on the slavery issue were not universally popular. In early July 1834, Lewis Tappan's New York home was sacked by a mob, who threw his furniture into the street and burned it.

The Tappans and the Journal of Commerce attracted bitter criticism for their campaign to free the Africans who had taken over the slave ship Amistad in 1839. James Gordon Bennett, Sr.'s rival New York Morning Herald denounced "the humbug doctrines of the abolitionists and the miserable fanatics who propagate them," particularly Lewis Tappan and the Journal of Commerce.

Arthur Tappan died in 1865, Lewis in 1873. Both men lived long enough to see the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th Amendment eliminate slavery in the United States, granting freedom to millions of African Americans. Arthur is buried in the Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven.

Arthur married Frances Antill on 18 Sep 1810. Frances was born on 4 May 1785 in Montréal, Québec; died on 21 Jul 1863 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut; was buried in Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Buried at Green-Wood, section E, lot 19728.

"He was a drygoods merchant in New York City, a philanthropist and anti-slavery advocate, the partner in business of his brother, Arthur Tappan. He was a leading founder of the American Missionary Association." [Tappan-Toppan Genealogy, citation details below]

His many books and tracts include Address to the Non-Slaveholders of the South: On the Social and Political Evils of Slavery (1843); The Fugitive Slave Bill: Its History and Unconstitutionality (1850); American Slavery (1852); The War: Its Causes and Remedy (1861); Is It Right To Be Rich? (1869); and The Life of Arthur Tappan (1870).

From Wikipedia (accessed 9 May 2021):

Lewis Tappan [...] was a New York abolitionist who worked to achieve freedom for the enslaved Africans aboard the Amistad. Tappan was also among the founders of the American Missionary Association in 1846, which began more than 100 anti-slavery Congregational churches throughout the Midwest, and after the American Civil War, founded numerous schools and colleges to aid in the education of freedmen.

Contacted by Connecticut abolitionists soon after the Amistad arrived in port, Tappan focused extensively on the captive Africans. He ensured the acquisition of high-quality lawyers for the captives, which led to their being set free after the case went to the United States Supreme Court. With his brother Arthur, Tappan not only gained legal help and acquittal for the Africans, but also managed to increase public support and fundraising. Finally, he organized the return trip home to Africa for surviving members of the group.

Lewis Tappan was the brother of Senator Benjamin Tappan and abolitionist Arthur Tappan. His middle-class parents were strict Congregationalists. Once Lewis was old enough to work, he helped his father in a dry goods store. On his sixteenth birthday, he ventured into other areas of commerce, and ultimately started The Mercantile Agency in 1841 in New York City. The Mercantile Agency was the precursor to Dun & Bradstreet (D&B) and modern credit-reporting services. (D&B is still in existence today.)

Convinced by Arthur to read a biography of William Wilberforce, who led the cause for abolition in Great Britain, Tappan started his quest for abolition in the United States. [...]

Despite his Congregationalist upbringing, Lewis Tappan became attracted to Unitarianism for intellectual and social reasons. William Ellery Channing, a Unitarian minister, became Tappan's pastor. As a peace advocate, Channing played an influential role in Tappan's decision to join the Massachusetts Peace Society. In 1827 his brother Arthur convinced him to return to a Trinitarian denomination. Tappan joined Arthur in the Congregational church. Lewis Tappan initially supported the American Colonization Society (ACS), which promoted sending freed blacks from the United States to Africa, based on the assumption that this was their homeland, regardless of where they were born.

Frustrated by the slow progress of the ACS, Tappan and a sizable nucleus of men, including his brother Arthur, Theodore Dwight Weld, Gerrit Smith, Amos A. Phelps, and James Gillespie Birney, left the ACS to join what was to become known as the "immediatist" camp, who wanted to end slavery in the United States. Weld gained considerable influence following the move of the Tappan brothers to this group. In December 1833, at Philadelphia, Lewis Tappan joined activists such as William Lloyd Garrison to form the American Anti-Slavery Society.

The departure of the Tappans from the ACS is partially explained by the death of an African whom they repatriated. Captured in Africa and enslaved in Mississippi, Abdulrahman Ibrahim Ibn Sori was a Fulani prince. He would have had potentially lucrative trade contacts in Africa. Partly for business reasons, the Tappans focused on Ibrahim's repatriation, which was finally achieved. Shortly after reaching his homeland, however, Ibrahim died in 1829. This ended the Tappans' hopes of easily establishing significant African trade.

The Tappan brothers were Congregationalists and uncompromising moralists; even within the abolitionist movement, other members found their views extreme. Lewis Tappan advocated intermarriage (at the time called "amalgamation") as the long-range solution to racial issues, as all people would eventually be mixed race. He dreamed of a "copper-skinned" America where race would not define any man, woman, or child. Tappan characterized the arrival of the Amistad and its Africans on American shores as a "providential occurrence" that might allow "the heart of the nation" to be "touched by the power of sympathy."

The Tappan brothers created chapters of the American Anti-Slavery Society (AAS) throughout New York state and in other sympathetic areas. Although Tappan was popular among many, opponents of abolition attacked his homes and churches by arson and vandalism.

Lewis began a nationwide mailing of abolitionist material, which resulted in violent outrage in the South and denunciation by Democratic politicians, who accused him of trying to divide the Union. In the North, the mailings generated widespread sympathy and financial support for the American Anti-Slavery Society. By 1840, however, the anti-slavery program had expanded and the movement splintered.

After 1840, church-oriented abolitionism became dominant. That year Tappan formed the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society in disagreement with the AAS. The latter allowed a woman, Abby Kelley, to be elected to serve on the AAS business committee. Because of his strict religious beliefs, Tappan opposed the participation of women in an official capacity in the public society.

Tappan founded the abolitionist Human Rights journal and a children's anti-slavery magazine, The Slave's Friend.

"In July, 1831, Lewis Tappan, Gale, and others founded the Society for Promoting Manual Labor in Literary Institutions ['literary institutions' being schools], and later in the same year persuaded Theodore Weld, a living, breathing, and eloquently-speaking exhibit of the results of manual-labor-with-study, to accept the general agency." [A History of Oberlin College by Robert Samuel Fletcher, 1943] Manual labor--most commonly agricultural, or in a print shop--was supposed to bring students the physical and moral (psychological) benefits of exercise, while providing a type of financial aid to needy students. Among the charges to Weld, who in 1832 traveled over 4,500 miles (7,200 km) and gave over 200 lectures on manual labor and temperance, was "to find a site for a great national manual labor institution where training for the western ministry could be provided for poor but earnest young men." [Ibid.] At the recommendation of Weld, the Tappans supported the new Lane Theological Seminary in Cincinnati. When Weld led a mass exodus to Oberlin, it then received their support.

In 1841, the Amistad case went to trial. Tappan attended each day of the trials and wrote daily accounts of the proceedings for The Emancipator, a New England abolitionist paper. He was a frequent contributor. Throughout the trials in New Haven, Connecticut, Tappan arranged for several Yale University students to tutor the imprisoned Africans in English. The lessons included their learning to read New Testament scriptures and to sing Christian hymns. The Africans later drew from these skills to raise funds to return to Africa.

After achieving legal victory in the US Supreme Court, Tappan planned to use the Amistad Africans as the foundation for his dream to Christianize Africa. The village of Mo Tappan, site of a mission to the Mende people, in modern Sierra Leone, is named for him.

In 1846, Tappan was among the founders of the American Missionary Association (AMA), led by Congregational and Presbyterian ministers, both white and black. It linked anti-slavery activists of the East with Ohio and other Midwestern activists. In addition, it took over managing numerous disparate missions: an Oberlin, Ohio mission to the Red Lake-area Ojibwe, a mission to Jamaica, a Mende mission to the Amistad Africans, and a mission to escaped blacks living in Canada. As the AMA grew in influence, it expanded its enterprises. Among these, it began 115 anti-slavery Congregational churches in Illinois, aided by anti-slavery ministers such as Owen Lovejoy there.

In 1858, Tappan was the Treasurer of the AMA. Under the leadership of President Lawrence Brainerd, Tappan, Foreign Corresponding Secretary Rev. George Whipple, and Home Missions Corresponding Secretary Rev. S.S. Jocelyn, the AMA opposed the long-established and powerful American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and American Home Missionary Society because of what the AMA alleged was their complicity with slavery. During and after the American Civil War, Tappan and his brother Arthur worked from New York with the AMA on behalf of freedmen in the South. In postwar efforts, it led the founding of numerous schools and colleges for freedmen, the historically black colleges and universities (HBCU).

Unwilling to reduce his commitment to U.S. government action against slavery in the southern states, Tappan and other radical political abolitionists denounced the Democratic Party as essentially pro-slavery. Though mistrustful of politicians, Tappan supported various antislavery parties that culminated in formation of the Republican Party. In both 1860 and 1864, Tappan voted for Abraham Lincoln.

Tappan supported the Emancipation Proclamation but believed that additional liberties were necessary. He wrote to Charles Sumner: "When will the poor negro have his rights? Not, I believe, until he has a musket in one hand and a ballot in the other."

Lewis married Susanna Aspinwall on 7 Sep 1813. Susanna was born on 17 Jul 1790 in Brookline, Norfolk, Massachusetts; died on 24 Mar 1853 in Brooklyn, Kings, New York; was buried in Walnut Street Cemetery, Brookline, Norfolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lewis married Sarah Jackson in 1854. Sarah was born on 14 Oct 1807 in Newton, Middlesex, Massachusetts; died on 19 Jul 1884 in Brooklyn, Kings, New York; was buried in East Parish Burying Ground, Newton, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 18 Jun 1778, Barnstable, Barnstable, Massachusetts

Rebecca married Stephen Winslow on 15 Jul 1804 in Vassalboro, Kennebec, Maine. Stephen (son of William Winslow and Phebe Pope) was born on 18 Jun 1782 in Falmouth, Cumberland, Maine; died on 1 Jan 1865 in Larone, Somerset, Maine; was buried in Augusta, Kennebec, Maine. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Sarah married Joseph Nason on 18 Jun 1844 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Joseph (son of Leavitt Nason and Nancy Guild) was born on 31 Dec 1815 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts; died on 11 Dec 1872 in Montclair, Essex, New Jersey; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 31 Dec 1815, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts

Notes:

Manufacturer and inventor. Said to have coined the term "radiator," he received a number of U.S. patents for hot water and steam heating.

"NASON.--On Wednesday, 11th inst., at Montclair, N.J., in the 57th year of his age, JOSEPH NASON, of the firm of Joseph Nason & Co., New-York, and formerly of the firm of Walworth, Nason & Co., Boston. The remains will be taken to Boston for interment. Funeral services will be held at his late residence in Montclair, N.J., on Thursday, Dec. 12, at 3 1/2 P.M. Carriages will await the arrival of 2 P.M. train from foot of Barclay st. Return trains at 5 and 5:55 P.M. Boston papers please copy." [New York Times, 13 Dec 1872, p. 5]

"Mr. [James Jones] Walworth was first married in 1837 to Miss Elizabeth C. Nason, daughter of Leavitt Nason, and sister of Joseph Nason, his early partner." [Men of Progress: One Thousand Biographical Sketches and Portraits of Leaders in Business and Professional Life in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, compiled by Richard Herndon, ed. Edwin M. Bacon. Boston: New England Magazine, 1896.]

Joseph married Sarah Clark Darracott on 18 Jun 1844 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Sarah (daughter of George Darracott and Sarah "Sally" Clark) was born on 13 Nov 1815 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 11 May 1892 in New York, New York; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Emily Haskell. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[A] American educator, mathematician, author, lawyer and newspaper editor who served as president of Kenyon College, among other public distinctions." [Wikipedia]

"He was educated in the schools of Steubenville, by private tutors, and at St. Mary's College, Baltimore, Md. He studied law with his father and his father's partner, Edwin M. Stanton, who was afterwards Secretary of War under Lincoln. Although admitted to the bar in 1846, Mr. Tappan turned his attention to journalism, publishing for two years a paper called the Ohio Press. He later practiced law in Steubenville, where he was mayor, 1844-5, and superintendent of schools, 1856-9. He was professor of mathematics in the University of Ohio, 1859-60 and 1865-8. He was president of Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, 1869-75, and commissioner of the Public Schools of Ohio, from 1887 until the time of his death. He was the author of a number of textbooks on mathematics. He received the following degrees: A. M. from St. Mary's, 1860; LL.D., from Williams, 1873, from Washington and Jefferson, 1874, and from several other colleges." [Tappan-Toppan Genealogy, citation details below.]

Eli married Lydia Lucretia McDowell on 4 Feb 1851 in Steubenville, Jefferson, Ohio. Lydia (daughter of Alexander Johnston McDowell and Mary Sheldon) was born on 4 Jul 1825 in Steubenville, Jefferson, Ohio; died on 24 Dec 1904 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts; was buried in Steubenville, Jefferson, Ohio. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 27 Oct 1814, Hallowell, Kennebec, Maine
• Alternate birth: 9 Oct 1815, Augusta, Kennebec, Maine
• Alternate death: 30 Sep 1854, Hallowell, Kennebec, Maine

Abigail married David L. Gardiner on 1 Apr 1838 in Hallowell, Kennebec, Maine. David (son of David Low Guptill and Mary Stacy) was born on 27 Jan 1815 in Hallowell, Kennebec, Maine; died on 3 Jun 1866 in Hallowell, Kennebec, Maine. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Martha Mary Nason.

May married Harry Hartshorne Seabrook on 2 Nov 1881 in Montclair, Essex, New Jersey. Harry (son of Henry Hendrickson Seabrook and Therese Walling) was born on 23 Oct 1859 in Keyport, Monmouth, New Jersey; died on 9 Apr 1930 in New York, New York. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Fitzwilliam married Mary Newbold Singer on 27 Jun 1850. Mary (daughter of John Singer and Mary Newbold) was born in 1826; died in 1906. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[A]n American novelist and short story writer best known for her acute characterizations and depictions of academic life." [Wikipedia]

Mary married John Henry Wright on 2 Apr 1879 in Gambier, Knox, Ohio. John (son of Rev. Austen Hazen Wright and Catherine Myers) was born on 4 Feb 1852 in Urumiah, Persia; died on 25 Nov 1908 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 9 Jan 1848, Hallowell, Kennebec, Maine

Notes:

Apparently born Frederick A. C. Guptill; see entry for his father.

ancestry.com's "King Family Tree" presents several records for Frederick A. C. Gardiner. His 1903 application for a US passport shows his permanent residence as Newton Centre, Massachusetts. Harvard Graduates magazine, volume 22, 1914, reports the marriage of his daughter Elizabeth Manning Gardner to Charles Edward Whitmore "at Newton Centre, May 31, 1913." Probably not quite correct -- two other alumni publications and the 7 Jun 1913 issue of the Cambridge Tribune place the wedding in Boston. But it's perfectly plausible that Harvard Graduates magazine was confused by the fact that Elizabeth Gardner was herself from Newton Centre.

His Maine birth record shown on this ancestry.com page gives his last name as Gardiner, but this record states that it's a copy of the original, "from the Hallowell book of births." Vital Records of Hallowell, Maine, to the year 1892 ed. Edward Johnson (Auburn, Maine: Maine Historical Society, 1924) gives his birth, and that of all his Guptill/Gardiner siblings, under "Gardiner" on pages 111-112. It's definitely the same group of children, offspring of "D. L. and Abby A.", including the distinctively-named sister "Abby Inez". (It also says that his actual birth date was 9 Jan 1848, just as the handwritten copy says. The ancestry.com page, however, says 7 Jan 1848, and this is what Frederick Gardiner himself put on his 1903 passport application.)

Frederick married Ella S. Smith on 28 Apr 1875 in Newton, Middlesex, Massachusetts. Ella (daughter of Ammi Smith and Hannah B. Shaw) was born on 15 Apr 1854 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 12 Jan 1927 in Woodstock, Windsor, Vermont; was buried in Newton Cemetery, Newton, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married Clarence Baker King on 4 Mar 1911 in New York, New York. Clarence (son of Franklin Hiram King and Carrie Hunter Baker) was born on 5 Jun 1884 in River Falls, St. Croix, Wisconsin; died on 27 Sep 1974 in Nantucket, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

The leading portrait painter of his generation.

Notes:

Author of Islandia, a quasi-utopian novel published eleven years after his death, which has remained almost uninterruptedly in print.

Austin married Margaret Garrad Stone on 14 Nov 1912 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. Margaret (daughter of William Eben Stone and Katherine Maria Fay) was born on 19 Jul 1886 in Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts; died on 1 Sep 1937 in London, England; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Charles Edward Whitmore on 31 May 1913 in Church of St. John the Evangelist, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Charles (son of William Henry Whitmore and Frances Theres Walling "Fanny" Maynard) was born on 26 Sep 1887 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 7 Dec 1970 in Santa Clara, Santa Clara, California; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Lowell King and Phyllis Wright were seventh cousins once removed, he being a 7XG-grandson or the Rev. James Fitch (1622-1702) and Priscilla Mason (1641-1714), and her being a 6XG-granddaughter of the same couple.

Lowell married Phyllis Wright on 27 Sep 1941 in New York, New York. Phyllis (daughter of Austin Tappan Wright and Margaret Garrad Stone) was born on 11 Dec 1919 in Berkeley, Alameda, California; died on 23 Feb 2007 in New York, New York. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

As a San Francisco newspaper columnist, she coined the word "mondegreen."

"Sylvia Wright, a Writer and Harpers Ex-Editor," in The New York Times, 13 May 1981:

Sylvia Wright, a freelance writer who frequently and humorously commented in national magazines on trends in modern living, died of cancer Saturday at her home in Cambridge, Mass. She was 64 years old.

Miss Wright was also a former editor of Harpers Bazaar. A collection of her magazine articles, ''Get Away From Me With Those Christmas Gifts,'' was published by McGraw-Hill in 1957. She was also the author of a novel, ''A Shark Infested Rice Pudding.''

After her graduation from Bryn Mawr College, Miss Wright edited and prepared for publication ''Islandia,'' a Utopian novel about an imaginary country written by her father, the late Austin Tappen [sic] Wright, who was a professor of law at the University of California at Berkeley and the University of Pennsylvania. The novel, which has been a steady seller, was published in 1942, reissued in 1958. It is currently published by Arno Press Inc. and the New American Library.

At her death, Miss Wright was writing a biography of her great-aunt, Melusina Fay Peirce, an early feminist and first wife of the American physicist, mathematician and philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce.

Miss Wright is survived by her husband, Paul J. Mitarachi; a son, John; a sister, Phyllis King of Manhattan; and two brothers, Benjamin and William Wright.

Notes:

Phyllis Wright and Lowell King were seventh cousins once removed, her being a 6XG-granddaughter of the Rev. James Fitch (1622-1702) and Priscilla Mason (1641-1714), and he being a 7XG-grandson of the same couple.

Phyllis married Lowell King on 27 Sep 1941 in New York, New York. Lowell (son of Clarence Baker King and Alice Darracott Seabrook) was born on 2 May 1920 in New Canaan, Farfield, Connecticut; died on 27 Aug 1969 in New York, New York. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 6 Jan 1917, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts

Notes:

His papers, described as "Journal, reports, and printed articles, relating to the development of the Polaris missile and other American naval weapons systems", are at the Hoover Institution. In connection with those papers, the Online Archive of California describes him as "American physicist; chief scientist, Special Projects Office, United States Navy, 1957-1959; chief scientist (ocean systems), Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, 1969-1983."

His page at the Mathematics Genealogy Project is here, where it can be seen that his great-grand-advisor was Felix Klein, of the bottle; one of Klein's two advisors was Rudolf Lipschitz, and one of Lipschitz's grand-advisors was Joseph Fourier.

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William Francis Whitmore and Elizabeth Sherman Arnold were 7th cousins, both being 6XG-grandchildren of Col. John Lane (1661-1715) and Susanna Whipple (1661-1713).

William married Elizabeth Sherman "Bibba" Arnold on 1 Nov 1946. Elizabeth (daughter of George Stanleigh Arnold and Elizabeth Sherman Thatcher Kent) was born on 2 Dec 1915 in San Francisco, San Francisco, California; died on 18 Sep 1992 in Los Altos, Santa Clara, California. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Tappan married Beth Ann Meacham on 13 Oct 1978 in New York City. Beth (daughter of Richard Allen Meacham and Marion Ann Gaunder) was born on 14 Nov 1951 in Newark, Licking, Ohio. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]