Guillaume "Longue Epee", Leader of the Normans of Rouen

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 17 Dec 942, Picquigny, Picardy, France

Notes:

William "Longsword".

Says The Henry Project about his birth "overseas": "[I].e., not on the European mainland, and therefore possibly in Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, or one of the islands held by Vikings (Orkneys, Hebrides, Man, etc.), all plausible places for the son of a Viking to be born."

Assassinated, possibly by or at the instigation of Arnulf/Arnulph/Arnoul "The Old", Count of Flanders.

Family/Spouse: Luitgarde de Vermandois. Luitgarde (daughter of Heribert II and (Unknown daughter of Robert I, King of France)) died after 978. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sprota. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also known as Richard the Fearless; Richard Sans Peur. Called in retrospect "Duke of Normandy," a title he did not use.

From The Henry Project: "Richard is described by such a wide range of words (comes, marchio, consul, princeps, dux) by various sources (sometimes of dubious authority) that it would be difficult to argue that there is a specific 'title' by which he should be called."

Family/Spouse: Gunnor. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress or mistresses of Richard I). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hawise married Geoffroi I of Brittany between 996 and 999. Geoffroi (son of Conan I "Le Tort" and Ermengarde of Anjou) was born about 980; died on 20 Nov 1008. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Canute, King of England, Denmark, and Norway. Canute (son of Swein Forkbeard, King of England and Denmark) died on 12 Nov 1035 in Shaftesbury, Dorset, England; was buried in Old Minster, Winchester, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Emma married Æthelred II "Unræd", King of England in 1002. Æthelred (son of Eadgar, King of England and Ælfthryth, Queen Consort of England) was born about 968; died on 23 Apr 1016 in London, England; was buried in St. Paul's, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Herleve. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 28 Aug 1026
• Alternate death: 1027
• Alternate death: 23 Aug 1027

Notes:

Duke of Normandy.

Richard married Judith of Brittany about 1000. Judith (daughter of Conan I "Le Tort" and Ermengarde of Anjou) was born in 982; died on 28 Jun 1017; was buried in Bernay Abbey, Bernay, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Béatrix married Ebles I de Turenne before 1001. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1023

Notes:

Comte d'Eu. Count of Brionne. Also called Geoffrey of Brionne, Godfrey de Brionne, Godefroi Crispin.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Hiémois. Count of Eu.

Family/Spouse: Lesceline de Tourville. Lesceline (daughter of Turchetil and Anceline) was born about 1000; died on 26 Jan 1058. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called by Orderic Vitalis "de Envermeu."

Family/Spouse: Gilbert de St. Valéry. Gilbert died after 1011. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Alain de Bretagne. Count of Rennes; Duke of Brittany. Died suddenly while besieging a rebel castle near Vimoutiers in Normandy. According to Orderic, he was poisoned by unnamed Normans.

Family/Spouse: Bertha of Blois. Bertha (daughter of Odo II and Ermengarde of Auvergne) died about 1080. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 7 Jan 1062

Notes:

Co-regent of Brittany. Also called Eudes de Penthievre.

Family/Spouse: Orguen. Orguen died after 1056. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Eudon of Brittany). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gunhilda married Heinrich III, Holy Roman Emperor in 1036 in Nijmegen, Netherlands. Heinrich (son of Conrad II "The Salic", Holy Roman Emperor and Gisele of Swabia) was born on 28 Oct 1016; died on 5 Oct 1056 in Bodfeld, Harz, Germany; was buried in Speyer Cathedral, Speyer, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Bound and blinded by Harold Harefoot's men; died soon after.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 4 Jan 1066

Family/Spouse: Edith of Wessex, Queen Consort of England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1049
• Alternate death: 1055
• Alternate death: Abt 1056

Notes:

Also called Goda.

Family/Spouse: Eustache II of Boulogne. Eustache (son of Eustace I and Mathilde of Louvain) died about 1080. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Godgifu married Dreux of Vexin about 1024. Dreux (son of Gauthier II "le Blanc" and Adele) was born about 980; died in 1035. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Évreux.

Family/Spouse: Godehildis. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Hawise. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sometimes called Judith. "As for Judith being the same person as Adelais, there is no reason to doubt this: she was recorded as Renaud's wife named Adelais in 1023, well before occurring with her mother's name Judith in 1037 (perhaps the alternative was used to distinguish her from her step-mother-in-law Adelais), and she was still living nearly two decades after Renaud's death." [Peter Stewart, citation details below.]

Adélaïde married Renaud I before 2 Nov 1023. Renaud (son of Otto-William of Burgundy and Ermentrude de Roucy) died in 1057. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

(Unknown married Baldwin IV "The Bearded" after Feb 1030. Baldwin (son of Arnulf II "The Young" and Rozala of Italy, Queen Consort of France) was born in 980; died on 29 May 1035; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Pierre, Ghent, Flanders. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 6 Aug 1027
• Alternate death: 6 Aug 1028

Notes:

Duke of Normandy.

Possibly poisoned after subduing a revolt by his brother.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Richard III of Normandy). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married St. Adele of France on 10 Jan 1027. Adele (daughter of Robert II, King of France and Constance of Provence, Queen Consort of France) was born between 1010 and 1015; died on 8 Jan 1079; was buried in Abbey of Messines, Ypres, Flanders. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1035
• Alternate death: 22 Jul 1035

Notes:

"The Devil." Duke of Normandy.

Family/Spouse: Herleve. Herleve was born about 1003; died about 1050; was buried in Grestain Abbey, Fatouville-Grestain, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Robert I). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Vicomte de Comborn.

Family/Spouse: Rotberge de Rochechouart. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Gilbert de Brionne; Giselbert; Gilbert Crispin. Comte d'Eu & Brionne. Assassinated.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 8 Sep 1093

Notes:

Count of Eu.

Family/Spouse: Beatrice. Beatrice died on 10 Apr 1085. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Soissons. The name of Bussac was attached to him by the medieval chronicler Robert de Torigny.

Family/Spouse: Adélaide de Soissons. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Bernard de Sancto Walerico.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1053

Notes:

Also called Richard Fitz Gilbert.

Family/Spouse: Ada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Hereditary Duchess of Brittany.

Hawise married Hoël II of Cornouaille in 1066. Hoël (son of Alain Canhiart and Judith of Nantes) was born about 1031; died on 13 Apr 1084; was buried in Abbey of Sainte-Croix de Quimperlé, Brittany, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 21 Apr 1136

Notes:

Count of Brittany; Count of Treguier and Lamballe. Also called Étienne of Brittany; Étienne de Penthievre.

Founder of the Augustinian abbey of Ste. Croix at Guincamp abt 1110. Founder of the Cistercian abbey of Begard.

Family/Spouse: Hawise. Hawise died after 1135. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Enisan Musard. Enisan died between 1121 and 1130. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Ralph de Sudeley, Ralph of Mantes. Earl of Worcester; also said to have been Earl of Hereford.

From Wikipedia:

Ralph came to England with his uncle, the future King Edward the Confessor, in 1041. He attested three charters as earl in 1050, and his earldom was probably located in the east midlands, where the lands of his wife Gytha were located. He was a benefactor of Peterborough Abbey. When King Edward quarrelled with Earl Godwin in 1051, Ralph raised the levies of his earldom to support the king. Godwin and his sons were forced into exile, but they returned the following year, and Ralph and Earl Odda commanded the fleet raised to resist them, but they were unable to prevent their return in triumph.

Later in 1052 Godwin's son Sweyn died on pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and it was probably at this stage that Ralph was given Sweyn's earldom of Hereford, which included Oxfordshire. In 1055 Ælfgar, the earl of East Anglia, was exiled and allied himself with the ruler of Wales, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. Ralph met them in battle on 24 October, but suffered a disastrous defeat, and the invaders sacked Hereford. It was later claimed that Ralph and his Frenchmen started the rout, resulting in his insulting nickname, 'The Timid'. Godwin's son, Harold, the future king, then chased the invaders back into Wales. Ralph died in his early thirties on 21 December 1057, and was buried in Peterborough Abbey.

Ann Williams suggested that Ralph probably lost his earldom to Harold after his defeat in 1055, but in the view of Frank Barlow he held it until his death. Ralph's son Harold was one of the royal children brought up by King Edward's wife, Edith. Ralph was on good terms with the Godwins, and his son may have been named after the future king and been his godson. Harold Godwinson may have been given the earldom of Hereford to hold until the Ralph's son came of age. The younger Harold survived the Conquest and later received part of his father's lands, as well as Ewyas Harold, which is named after him. His descendants are the Sudeleys of Toddington, Gloucestershire.

Family/Spouse: Gytha. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Simon I de Montfort l'Aumary. Simon (son of Aumary I de Montfort and Bertrade) died about 1087; was buried in Priory of Saint-Thomas d'Epernon, Epernon, Eure-et-Loir, Centre, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Guillaume VI d'Auvergne. Guillaume (son of Robert II d'Auvergne and Judith de Melgueil) was born about 1069; died about 1136. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Delieri d'Evreux.

Family/Spouse: Roger I d'Hauteville. Roger (son of Tancred of Hauteville and Fressenda) was born in 1031; died on 22 Jun 1101. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Burgundy and, from 1078, Count of Mâcon.

Called "tête hardie", "the rash" or "the stubborn".

William married Stephanie between 1049 and 1057. Stephanie died after 1092. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Countess of Northumbria; later Duchess of Bavaria.

Given in Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., as a daughter of Richard III, Duke of Normandy, and Adele of France, but Stewart Baldwin's overview of the evidence at The Henry Project demonstrates that she was almost certainly a daughter of Baldwin IV's second marriage to an unknown sister of Richard's.

Judith married Tostig Godwinson before Sep 1051. Tostig (son of Godwin and Gytha Thorsgilsdottir) died on 25 Sep 1066. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Judith married Welf I of Bavaria in 1071. Welf (son of Albert Azzo II and Kunigunde of Altdorf) died on 6 Nov 1101 in Paphos, Cyprus; was buried in Weingarten Abbey, Ravensburg, Upper Swabia, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Possibly named Alice, Adeliza, etc. AR calls her "Alice of Normandy."

Family/Spouse: Ranulph. Ranulph (son of Anschitil) died after 1047. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1027

Notes:

Duke of Normandy 1028-1087; King of England 1066-1087.

William married Matilda of Flanders, Queen Consort of England about 1050. Matilda (daughter of Baldwin V and St. Adele of France) was born in 1032; died on 2 Nov 1083; was buried in Abbey of Sainte-Trinitie, Caen, Calvados, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1035
• Alternate death: Bef 1096

Notes:

Countess of Aumale.

Also called Aelidis; Adeliza; Adelisa; Adelidis.

Definitely a daughter of Robert I, Duke of Normandy; probably by his mistress Herleve/Arlette, but possibly by a different mistress.

"Adelaide or Adeliz, sister ot William the Conqueror, being illeg. da. of Robert, Duke of the Normans, by Herleve or Harlotte, da. of Fulbert or Robert, a pelliparius of Falaise, is mentioned in Domesday as Comitissa de Albamarla and as holding some manors in Essex and Suffolk. In 1082, William, King of the English, and Maud, his wife, gave to the Abbey of La Trinité at Caen the bourg of Le Homme (de Hulmo) in the Cotentin, "sed et Comitissa A. de Albamarla concedente eo videlicet pacto ut ipsa teneret in vita sua." (") Adelaide m., 1stly, Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu, who d. s.p.m., being slain in 1053. She m., 2ndly, Lambert, Count of Lens in Artois, who d. s.p.m., being slain in 1054. She m., 3rdly, Eudes, the disinherited Count of Champagne, who had taken refuge in Normandy. She d. before 1090. Her husband obtained Holderness after the date of Domesday. Having conspired against William II in 1094, he was imprisoned in 1096. He occurs as Comes Odo in the Lindsay Survey (1115-18)." [Complete Peerage I:351-52]

Family/Spouse: Enguerrand II. Enguerrand (son of Hugh II of Ponthieu and Bertha of Aumale) died on 25 Oct 1053 in Arques, Pas-de-Calais, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married Lambert II of Boulogne in 1054. Lambert (son of Eustace I and Mathilde of Louvain) died in 1054 in Phalempin, Nord, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married Eudes in 1060. Eudes (son of Stephen II and Adela) died between Jan 1096 and 2 Aug 1107. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Vicomte de Ventadour. Living 1020.

Family/Spouse: Marie de Limoges. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Baldwin the Sheriff; Baldwin of Exeter. Seigneur de Meules and du Sap in Normandy. Lord of Okehampton, Devon. Sheriff of Devon, 1080-86.

Family/Spouse: Albreda. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1035
• Alternate birth: 1035
• Alternate death: May 1089
• Alternate death: Abt 1090

Notes:

Also called Richard "de Bienfaite", Richard de Clare, and Richard de Tonbridge. Joint chief justiciar of England in William's absence; in this role he suppressed the revolt of 1075.

Family/Spouse: Rohese Giffard. Rohese (daughter of Walter Giffard and Agnes Flaitel) died after 1113. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eremburge married Roger I d'Hauteville about 1077. Roger (son of Tancred of Hauteville and Fressenda) was born in 1031; died on 22 Jun 1101. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Possibly named Ramentrudis de Soissons.

Family/Spouse: Ives de Nesle. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1096

Notes:

Also called Walter de St. Valéry. Domesday holder of lands in Gloucestershire.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth de Montlhéry. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Geoffrey de Neufmarché. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Brittany 1084 until his abdication in 1112. Count of Nantes; Count of Rennes.

Alain married Constance in 1086. Constance (daughter of William I, King of England and Matilda of Flanders, Queen Consort of England) was born in 1061; died on 13 Aug 1090; was buried in St. Melans, Rhedon, Brittany, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alain married Ermengarde of Anjou in 1093. Ermengarde (daughter of Fulk IV "Le Rechin" and Hildegarde de Beaugency) was born about 1066; died about 1146. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Walter de Gant before 1120. Walter (son of Gilbert I de Gant and Alice de Montfort) was born in of Folkingham, Bourne, Lincolnshire, England; died in 1139 in Bardney Abbey, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Theophania de Penthievre.

Family/Spouse: Rabel de Tancarville. Rabel (son of William de Tancarville and Maud d'Arques) was born in of Tancarville, Normandy, France; died in 1140. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henri de Fougères. Henri (son of Raoul I de Fougères and Avice fitz Richard) died about 1150 in Savigny Abbey, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"The Black." Count of Brittany. Earl of Richmond.

Alan married Bertha of Brittany about 1137. Bertha (daughter of Conan III of Brittany and Maud fitz Roy) was born about 1119; died between 1162 and 1167. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Roald fitz Harscod. Roald (son of Harscod) died between 1152 and 1158. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1114

Notes:

Also called Harold de Sudeley. Founder of the priory at Ewyas, 1100.

Family/Spouse: Maud. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Evreux.

Family/Spouse: Agnes de Garlande. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1060
• Alternate death: Abt 1117
• Alternate death: Aft 1117

Notes:

Also called Bertrade de Montfort-l'Amaury.

Bertrade married Fulk IV "Le Rechin" in 1089, and was divorced about 1092. Fulk (son of Geoffroy III and Ermengarde of Anjou) was born about 1043; died on 14 Apr 1109. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Bertrade married Philippe I, King of France in 1093. Philippe (son of Henri I, King Of France and Anne of Kiev, Queen Consort of France) was born before 23 May 1053; died on 29 Jul 1108 in Château Melun, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire, Centre-Val de Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called "le Vieux." Count of Auvergne.

Family/Spouse: Anne de Nevers. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Comte d'Auvergne.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1105

Ermentrude married Thierry I of Bar-le-Duc about 1065. Thierry (son of Louis de Montbéliard and Sophie of Bar) was born about 1045; died on 2 Jan 1105. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1070, Besançon, France
• Alternate death: 13 Sep 1107, Grajal de Campos, León, Spain
• Alternate death: 20 Sep 1107, Grajal de Campos, León, Spain

Raymond married Urraca, Queen of Galicia, Castile, Leon, and Toledo between Dec 1092 and Jan 1093 in Toledo, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Urraca (daughter of Alfonso VI, King of Leon, Castile, and Galicia and Constance of Burgundy) was born on 24 Jun 1081 in León, León, Spain; died on 8 Mar 1126 in Saldaña, Palencia, Castilla-Leon, Spain; was buried in Monastery of San Isidoro, León, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count Palatine of Burgundy; Count of Mâcon and Vienne. Called (like his father) "tête hardie", "the rash" or "the stubborn".

Fought in the Crusade of 1101, helping with the capture of Ancyra and fighting in the disastrous Battle of Mersivan, from which he barely escaped.

Family/Spouse: Beatrix. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1103

Notes:

Also called Matilda.

Sibylla married Odo I of Burgundy in 1080. Odo (son of Henry I of Burgundy and (Unknown wife of Henry I of Burgundy)) was born about 1060; died on 23 Mar 1103 in Cilicia, Anatolia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Born Guy de Burgundy.

From Wikipidia:

In 1120 Calixtus II issued the papal bull Sicut Judaeis (Latin: "As the Jews") setting out the official position of the papacy regarding the treatment of Jews. It was prompted by the First Crusade, during which over five thousand Jews were slaughtered in Europe. The bull was intended to protect Jews and echoed the position of Pope Gregory I that Jews were entitled to "enjoy their lawful liberty." The bull forbade Christians, on pain of excommunication, from forcing Jews to convert, from harming them, from taking their property, from disturbing the celebration of their festivals, and from interfering with their cemeteries.

It was later reaffirmed by popes Alexander III, Celestine III (1191-1198), Innocent III (1199), Honorius III (1216), Gregory IX (1235), Innocent IV (1246), Alexander IV (1255), Urban IV (1262), Gregory X (1272 & 1274), Nicholas III, Martin IV (1281), Honorius IV (1285-1287), Nicholas IV (1288-92), Clement VI (1348), Urban V (1365), Boniface IX (1389), Martin V (1422), and Nicholas V (1447).

Notes:

Marchioness of Montferrat.

Gisela married Umberto II of Savoy about 1090. Umberto (son of Amadeo II of Savoy and Joan of Geneva) died on 14 Oct 1103. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gisela married Rainier of Montferrat in 1105. Rainier (son of William IV of Montferrat and Otta di Aglié) was born about 1084; died before 1137. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Clementia married Godfrey I of Brabant after 1119. Godfrey (son of Henry II of Louvain and Adelheid) was born about 1060 in Louvain, Brabant, Belgium; died on 25 Jan 1139 in Jerusalem. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1075

Notes:

Duke of Bavaria. Called "The Black."

Henry married Wulfhilde of Saxony about 1100. Wulfhilde (daughter of Magnus of Saxony and Sophia of Hungary) was born about 1075; died on 29 Dec 1126 in Weingarten Abbey, Ravensburg, Upper Swabia, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sometimes also called Ranulph le Meschin, but that seems to have originally been applied to his son, as "meschin" means "younger" or "junior." Vicomte de Bessin; Count of Bayeux.

"The Bessin is an area in Normandy, France, corresponding to the territory of the Bajocasses tribe of Gaul who also gave their name to the city of Bayeux, central town of the Bessin. [...] The Bessin corresponds to the former diocese of Bayeux, which was incorporated into the Calvados département following the French Revolution." [Wikipedia]

Family/Spouse: Margaret d'Avranches. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also calle Adelida; Adeliza. Died as a nun.

Notes:

"Cecilia was given as an oblate to Ste Trinité in 1066, professed in 1075, became abbess in 1113, and died in 1126." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Notes:

"A daughter Matilda is known from a reference in Domesday Book". [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1054
• Alternate death: 10 Feb 1134, Cardiff, Glamorgan, Wales
• Alternate death: 11 Feb 1134, Cardiff, Glamorgan, Wales

Notes:

Duke of Normandy. Eldest child of William the Conqueror.

"Orderic Vitalis describes Robert as 'talkative...with a clear, cheerful voice and a fluent tongue. Round-faced, short and stout, he was commonly nicknamed Gambaron ("Fat Legs") and Curta Ocrea ("Short Boots")' [Ordericus Vitalis, Eccl. hist., 2.356], and it is Curthose, the Norman-French version of the latter name, as used by Wace, that has become attached to Robert's name." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

"Probably in 1078, when Robert would have been about twenty-five, Rufus eighteen, and Henry ten, they were with their father at L'Aigle, on the south-east frontier of Normandy, when he was about to attack one of his neighbours. The two younger sons were lodging with the king in the house of the merchant Gunher, while Robert, who had his own household, was quartered on another burgess. Rufus and Henry paid Robert a visit, went upstairs, began to play dice, 'as soldiers do', made a great commotion and then urinated on the heads of Robert and his friends. Robert dashed upstairs to punish his juniors, and the brawl was so fierce that it brought the king onto the scene. He restored order and forced them to make friends. But Robert had lost face, and the following night he and his companions decamped and made for Rouen, probably about one day's forced march away, where they tried to seize the keep. When they failed and the king ordered their arrest, they fled from Normandy. In the following year both Rufus and his father were wounded when they attempted to expel Robert from the fortified town of Gerberoi, where he was living as a robber baron, and, since the father's wound was inflicted by Robert himself, this incident probably determined Rufus's future." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry on William Rufus]

"Robert was still estranged in September 1087 when his father lay on his deathbed. William had made no explicit arrangements for the succession beyond the designation of Robert as his heir in Normandy. The De obitu Willelmi, a not altogether reliable source which is largely copied from Carolingian exemplars, suggests that the Conqueror intended to disinherit Robert completely and was only persuaded against this course by the archbishop of Rouen. Robert himself may have expected to succeed his father in all the latter's lands, but ducal practice, dating back to the time of Robert's great-grandfather, Duke Richard (II), indicated that all sons should have some share in the inheritance. In the event William Rufus was dispatched to rule England with a letter addressed to Archbishop Lanfranc, and Robert was summoned from Abbeville to succeed only in Normandy." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Robert married Sibyl of Conversano in Sep 1100 in Italy. Sibyl (daughter of Goffredo of Conversano) died in 1103. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed in a hunting accident.

Notes:

Killed by an arrow while hunting in the New Forest. Never married.

Constance married Alain Fergant in 1086. Alain (son of Hoël II of Cornouaille and Hawise of Rennes) was born about 1066; died on 13 Oct 1119. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1067
• Alternate death: 8 Mar 1138, Convent of Marcigny-sur-Loire, France

Notes:

Also called Adele of England.

Adela married Etienne Henri in 1080 in Chartres, Eure-et-Loir, Beauce, Centre, France. Etienne (son of Thibaut III and Garsinda of Maine) was born in 1046; died on 19 May 1102 in Ramallah, Palestine. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between May and Sep 1068, Selby, Yorkshire, England
• Alternate birth: Between Feb and May 1069, Selby, Yorkshire, England
• Alternate birth: 1068-1069
• Alternate birth: 1068-1069

Notes:

Called "Beauclerc" by later historians, but not during his lifetime.

Died after eating lampreys, which had been forbidden to him by his physician. Body buried at Reading Abbey, England. Entrails buried at Port-du-Salut Abbey, France. The Middle Ages: weird.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress or mistresses of Henry I). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Nest ferch Rhys. Nest (daughter of Rhys ap Tewdyr, King of Deheubarth and Gwladus ferch Rhiwallon) was born about 1085; died before 1136. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sybil Corbet. Sybil (daughter of Robert Corbet) died after 1157. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Edith Forne. Edith (daughter of Forne) died in 1152. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Matilda of Scotland, Queen Consort of England on 11 Nov 1100. Matilda (daughter of Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scotland (Alba) and St. Margaret of Scotland) was born in 1079; died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster, Middlesex, England; was buried in St. Peter's, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Alice of Louvain, Queen Consort of England on 29 Jan 1121 in Windsor, Berkshire, England. Alice (daughter of Godfrey I of Brabant and Ida of Chiny and Namur) was born about 1103; died on 25 Mar 1151 in Afflighem Abbey, Brabant, Belgium; was buried in Reading Abbey, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: St. William of Breteuil. William (son of William fitz Osbern and Adeliza de Tosny) died in 1103. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Hugues II. Hugues was born about 1050; died between 1118 and 1119. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1052
• Alternate death: Abt 1090

Notes:

AR8 says (in a note to 148:22) that, contrary to what was stated in previous editions, Judith was "Adelaide's child by her first marriage to Enguerrand II", but Stewart Baldwin, in the Henry Project's discussion of the three marriages of William I's sister Adelaide, assembles a convincing argument that Judith was a daughter of Lambert of Lens after all. A 19 Nov 2009 post to SGM by John P. Ravilious adds further evidence for the identification of Lambert as her father.

To be fair, Peter Stewart is unconvinced.

Judith married Waltheof after Jan 1070. Waltheof (son of Siward and Ælfled of Bernicia) was born in 1027 in of Potton, Bedfordshire, England; died on 31 May 1076 in Winchester, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1070
• Alternate death: Bef 1130

Notes:

Count of Aumale. Also called Étienne.

"Stephen, Count of Aumale, Lord of Holderness, s. and h. of the said Adelaide, by her 3rd husband. He was b. before 1070. In 1090 he took part with William II, and fortified his castle of Aumale against Duke Robert. By reason of his descent from the ducal house of Normandy he was chosen by Robert de Mowbray and his confederates as the person on whom to bestow the Crown, had they succeeded in their attempt to dethrone William II in 1094. He went on Crusade in 1096 with Duke Robert, before which, 14 July 1096, as Comes de Alba-marla, he gave the Church of St. Martin at Auchy to the Abbey of St. Lucien at Beauvais. He took the part of Henry I against Duke Robert in 1104, but in 1118 supported Baldwin a? la Hache, Count of Flanders, and the French King, in their invasion of Normandy on behalf of William Cliton, son of Duke Robert. He persisted in his rebellion, but was reduced to submission in 1119. He often occurs, but only once as Comes de Albamara, in the Lindsey Survey. He m. Hawise, da. of Ralph de Mortemer, of Wigmore, co. Hereford, Seigneur de Saint Victor-en-Caux, by Milicent, his wife. He d. before 1130." [Complete Peerage 1:352-53]

Family/Spouse: Hawise de Mortimer. Hawise (daughter of Ralph de Mortimer and Melisende) died in 1189. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called "le Chanteur." Vicomte de Ventadour. Living 1059.

Family/Spouse: Agnes de Montlucon. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

French-language Wikipedia calls her Mathilde.

Family/Spouse: William d'Avranches. William (son of Guitmond d'Avranches) died about 1087. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1134
• Alternate death: Bef 1136

Notes:

Also called Robert de Clare, because apparently people were assigned de Clare as a surname entirely at random in the twelfth century. Steward to kings Henry I and Stephen.

Robert married Maud de Senlis in 1112. Maud (daughter of Simon I de Senlis and Maud of Northumberland) was born about 1092; died after 1158. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Avice married Raoul I de Fougères before 1086. Raoul (son of Main de Fougères and Adélaïde) died in 1124. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Walter Tirel. Walter died after 1124. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Eudes fitz Hubert. Eudes (son of Hubert de Ryes) was born in of Colchester, Essex, England; died in 1120 in Préaux, Normandy, France; was buried on 28 Feb 1121 in Colchester, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1066
• Alternate death: 1114

Notes:

Also called Gilbert de Clare; Gilbert de Tonbridge. Earl of Clare.

"The Welsh annals note his death in 1117." [Royal Ancestry]

Family/Spouse: Alice de Clermont. Alice (daughter of Hugues and Marguerite de Montdidier) was born in of Clermont, Oise, Picardie, France; died after 1136. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Felicia married Kálmán, King of Hungary in 1097. Kálmán (son of Geisa I, King of Hungary and Sophie of Looz) was born about 1063; died on 3 Feb 1116. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Lord of Nesle. Mentioned 1103.

Family/Spouse: Rainurde. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 1121 and 1125

Notes:

Lord of Brecon, according to CP, which cites Round, Ancient Charters, no. 6. Henry James Young (citation details below) calls him “lord of Brecknock.”

From the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography:

He was in England by 1086-7, witnessing William’s ‘foundation charter’ to Battle Abbey. He does not appear in Domesday Book. Between 1086 and 1088 he was granted lands in Herefordshire (including Burghill, Brinsop, and Much Cowarne) by either William I or William II. At about the same time, Bernard married Nest (also known as Agnes), daughter and heir of the Herefordshire lord Osbern fitz Richard, and granddaughter of the north Welsh king Gruffudd ap Llywelyn. [...]

In 1088, Bernard de Neufmarché participated in the rebellion against William II, joining the force which attacked Worcester. He may have been drawn into the rebellion by his father-in-law, and was apparently not punished for his actions. Also in 1088, he seems to have embarked upon his conquest of the minor Welsh kingdom of Brycheiniog, for late in 1088 he made a grant of Glasbury in Brycheiniog, together with Much Cowarne church, to St Peter’s, Gloucester. This may have been a ‘first fruits’ offering. By 1093, Bernard was probably in possession of the Welsh capital of Brycheiniog, Talgarth, and in that year, the south Welsh king Rhys ap Tewdwr was killed near Aberhonddu by the Norman invaders of Brycheiniog. His death cleared the way for Bernard to annex the whole region, establishing himself and his feudal vassals in new castles and fiefs there.

Bernard married Nest ferch Osbern between 1086 and 1088. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Havide de Bretagne; Hawise of Brittany.

Family/Spouse: Geoffrey de Porhoët. Geoffrey (son of Eudon de Porhoët and Emme de Léon) was born in 1092; died in 1141. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 17 Sep 1148

Notes:

Duke of Brittany. Called "le Gros," the Fat.

Conan married Maud fitz Roy before 1113. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William de Mohun. William was born before 1110 in of Dunster, Williton, Somerset, England; died after 1142. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married Roger de Mowbray about 1145. Roger (son of Nele d'Aubigny and Gundred de Gournay) died in 1188 in Palestine. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William. William (son of Walter) died before 1198. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gunnor d'Aubeney. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Alice Paynell before 10 Aug 1152. Alice (daughter of William Paynell and Avice de Rumilly) died before 1180. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Chamberlain of Normandy.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Seneschal of Brittany.

Family/Spouse: Mathilde. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Brittany. Earl of Richmond.

Conan married Margaret of Huntingdon in 1160 in England. Margaret (daughter of Henry of Scotland and Ada de Warenne) was born about 1145; died in 1201; was buried in Sawtrey Abbey, Huntingdonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

(Or a different daughter of the same father.)

Family/Spouse: Picot de Lascelles. Picot (son of Roger de Lascelles) was born in of Thrintoft, Yorkshire, England; died between 1167 and 1179. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Philip de Burgh. Philip (son of Thomas de Burgh) was born in of Burrough Green, Newmarket, Cambridgeshire, England; died in 1164. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was a forester of the New Forest and Arkengarthdale, Yorkshire, by grant of Conan, duke of Brittany.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1166

Family/Spouse: Sybil. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Waleran of Meulan about 1141. Waleran (son of Robert of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois) was born in 1104; died on 9 Apr 1166 in Abbey St. Pierre, Preaux, Eure, Normandy, France; was buried in Abbey St. Pierre, Preaux, Eure, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 1180 and 1181

Notes:

Count of Evreux.

Family/Spouse: Maud. Maud died before 1168. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1092
• Alternate death: 13 Nov 1143, Acre, Palestine
• Alternate death: 10 Nov 1144, Jerusalem

Notes:

Count of Anjou 1109-1129; Count of Maine (jure uxoris) 1110-1129.

Fulk married Eremburge de la Flèche in 1110. Eremburge (daughter of Helie de la Flèche and Matilde de Chateau-du-Loir) died in 1126. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Fulk married Melisende de Réthel on 2 Jun 1129. Melisende (daughter of Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem and Morphia of Melitene) was born about 1103; died on 11 Sep 1161. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed in battle.

Fleury married (Unknown) de Nangis about 1110. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Béraud III de Mercoeur. Béraud (son of Odilon) died before 1169. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Comte d'Auvergne. In 1192 he founded the abbey of Bouchet.

Family/Spouse: Mahaud of Burgundy. Mahaud (daughter of Odo II of Burgundy and Marie de Champagne) died on 22 Jul 1202; was buried in Bouchet Abbey, Drôme, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called "le Jeune." Comte d'Auvergne.

Guillaume married Marquise d'Albon about 1150. Marquise (daughter of Guigues IX of Albon and Margaret of Mâcon) died on 21 Aug 1196. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Possibly named Mechtild.

Family/Spouse: Adalbert. Adalbert was born about 1060; died between 1124 and 1125. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Mentioned 1135.

Family/Spouse: Hermann I. Hermann (son of Hermann of Salm, Emperor-Elect and Sophie) died about 1138. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1150

Notes:

Count of Mousson; Count of Bar-le-Duc. Fought in the Second Crusade.

Renaud married Gisele de Vaudemont about 1120. Gisele (daughter of Gerard of Lorraine and Edith of Egisheim) was born in 1090; died in 1141. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called "Emperor" (Emperador).

Family/Spouse: Gontrada Perez. Gontrada (daughter of Pedro Diaz de Valle and Maria Ordonez) died in 1186. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alfonso married Berenguela of Barcelona in Nov 1128 in Saldaña, Palencia, Castilla-Leon, Spain. Berenguela (daughter of Ramon III Berenguer and Dulce de Gévauden) was born about 1114; died on 15 Jan 1149 in Palencia, Castile, Spain; was buried in Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alfonso married Richeza of Poland between 23 Oct 1152 and 21 Dec 1152. Richeza (daughter of Wladislaw II, King of Poland and Agnes of Babenberg) was born about 1135; died on 16 Oct 1185. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Lady of Champlitte.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Macon and Burgundy.

Family/Spouse: Agatha of Lorraine. Agatha (daughter of Simon I of Lorraine and Adelaide of Louvain) died in 1147. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Auxonne and Mâcon.

Family/Spouse: Poncette de Traves. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Marguerite de Bourgogne; Clemence.

Family/Spouse: Guigues IX of Albon. Guigues (son of Guigues VIII of Albon and Matilda) died on 28 Jun 1142. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Alice, Alix of Burgundy; Ela of Burgundy.

Helie married Guillaume III Talvas about 1115. Guillaume (son of Robert II de Bellême and Agnes de Ponthieu) was born about 1093 in of Alençon, Orne, Basse-Normandie, France; died on 30 Jun 1171. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Burgundy. Regent, 1101-02.

Hugh married Mathilde of Mayenne about 1115. Mathilde (daughter of Gauthier IV and Adelina de Presles) died after 1162 in Beaune, Burgundy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Archambaud VII de Bourbon before 24 Jan 1140. Archambaud (son of Aimon II de Bourbon and Aldesinde de Nevers) was born about 1115; died in 1173. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Adelaide of Maurienne.

Alix married Louis VI, King of France in Mar 1115 in Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, France. Louis (son of Philippe I, King of France and Bertha of Holland, Queen Consort of France) was born in 1081 in Paris, France; died on 1 Aug 1137 in Château Béthizy, near Paris, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Savoy, Maurienne, and Turin. Died on crusade.

"Amadeus had a tendency to exaggerate his titles, and also claimed to be Duke of Lombardy, Duke of Burgundy, Duke of Chablais, and vicar of the Holy Roman Empire, the latter of which had been given to his father by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor." [Wikipedia]

Amadeo married Mahaut of Albon in 1123. Mahaut (daughter of Guigues VIII of Albon and Matilda) died after 1145. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joanna married William Clito in 1127. William (son of Robert Curthose and Sibyl of Conversano) was born on 25 Oct 1102 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France; died on 28 Jul 1128; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Bertin, Saint-Omer, Pas-de-Calais, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also Guilhem, Gugliemo, Guillermo. Marquess of Montferrat.

From Wikipedia:

Dynastically, he was extremely well-connected: a nephew of Pope Callixtus II, a half-brother of Amadeus III of Savoy, a brother-in-law of Louis VI of France (through his half-sister Adelasia of Moriana), and cousin of Alfonso VII of Castile. [...] William and Judith's powerful dynastic connections created difficulties in finding suitable wives for his sons, however: too many potential spouses were related within prohibited degrees. In 1167, he unsuccessfully tried to negotiate marriages for his eldest sons to daughters of Henry II of England - but the girls were very young at the time and were related through Judith's descent from William V of Aquitaine. He then applied for sisters of William I of Scotland, who were not related, but were already married.

[...]

William took part in the Second Crusade, alongside his half-brother Amadeus of Savoy (who died during the campaign), his nephew Louis VII of France, his brother-in-law Count Guido of Biandrate, and his wife's German and Austrian relatives.

As supporters of the imperial party (later known as the Ghibellines), he and his sons fought [alongside] the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa (Judith's nephew) in his lengthy struggle against the Lombard League. Following Barbarossa's capitulation with the Peace of Venice in 1177, William was left to deal with the rebellious towns in the area alone. Meanwhile, the Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos sought support for his own politics in Italy.

William broke with Barbarossa and formed an alliance with Manuel. His eldest surviving son, Conrad, was taken prisoner by Barbarossa's Chancellor, Archbishop Christian of Mainz, but then captured the chancellor in battle at Camerino. In 1179 Manuel suggested a marriage between his daughter Maria, second in line to the throne, and one of William's sons. As Conrad and Boniface were already married, the youngest son, Renier, was married off to the princess, who was ten years his senior. Renier and Maria were later killed during the usurpation of Andronikos, and the family rebuilt ties with Barbarossa.

In 1183, with the accession of his grandson Baldwin V, a minor, as co-King of Jerusalem, William, then probably in his late sixties, left the government of Montferrat to Conrad and Boniface, and returned to the east. He was granted the castle of St. Elias (present-day Taybeh). He fought in the Battle of Hattin in 1187, where he was captured by Saladin's forces. In the meantime, his second son, Conrad, had arrived at Tyre from Constantinople. Conrad was given the command of the defences. During the siege of Tyre in November that year, he is said to have refused to surrender as much as a stone of its walls to liberate his father, even threatening to shoot him with a crossbow himself when Saladin had him presented as a hostage. Eventually, Saladin withdrew his army from Tyre. In 1188, William was released unharmed at Tortosa, and seems to have ended his days in Tyre, with his son. He probably died in the summer of 1191: Conrad last describes himself as "marchionis Montisferrati filius" in a charter of May that year.

William married Judith of Babenberg before 28 Mar 1133. Judith (daughter of St. Leopold von Babenberg and Agnes of Germany) was born in 1115; died after 18 Oct 1168. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Matilda married Gebhard III of Sulzbach in 1129. Gebhard (son of Berengar I of Sulzbach and Adelheid von Diessen) was born about 1114; died on 28 Oct 1188. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Rudolf von Bregenz. Rudolf (son of Ulrich X von Bregenz and Bertha von Kellmünz) died between 27 Apr 1160 and 28 Apr 1160. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"The Proud." Duke of Bavaria and Saxony.

Heinrich married Gertrud von Süpplinburg on 29 May 1127. Gertrud (daughter of Lothar II von Süpplinburg, Holy Roman Emperor and Richenza von Northeim) was born on 18 Apr 1115; died about 18 Apr 1143. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1103
• Alternate death: 27 Aug 1130

Judith married Frederick II von Hohenstaufen in 1121. Frederick (son of Frederick I of Swabia and Agnes of Germany) was born in 1090; died on 4 Apr 1147. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert de Trevers. Robert was born in of Trévières, Calvados, Normandy, France; died in 1135 in Burgh-by-Sands, Carlisle, Cumberland, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Jan 1129
• Alternate death: 17 Jan 1129
• Alternate death: 27 Jan 1129

Notes:

Also called Randle; Ranulf de Briquessart; de Bricasard; Ranulf du Bessin; Ranulf of Chester.

Earl of Chester. Vicomte of Bayeux. Commander of the royal forces in Normandy, 1124.

"Ranulph le Meschin, styled also, 'de Briquessart,' Vicomte de Bayeux in Normandy, s. and h. of Ranulph, Vicomte de Bayeux, by Margaret, sister of Hugh (d'Avranches), Earl of Chester abovenamed, being thus 1st cousin and h. to the last Earl (whom he suc. as Vicomte d'Avranches, &c., in Normandy), obtained, after the Earl's death in 1120, the grant of the county palatine of Chester, becoming thereby Earl of Chester. He appears thereupon to have surrendered the Lordship of the great district of Cumberland, which he had acquired, shortly before, from Henry I. In 1124 he was Commander of the Royal forces in Normandy. He m. Lucy, widow of Roger Fitz-Gerold (by whom she was mother of William de Roumare, afterwards Earl of Lincoln). He d. 17 or 27 Jan. 1129, and was bur. at St. Werburg's, Chester. The Countess Lucy confirmed, as his widow, the grant of the Manor of Spalding to the monks of that place." [Complete Peerage III:166, incorporating corrections from volume XIV.]

Ranulf married Lucy of Bolingbroke about 1098. Lucy was born in of Spalding, Lincolnshire, England; died about 1138. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1135

Notes:

"The most important member of a tightly knit family group was Ranulf's younger brother William le Meschin (d. 1129x35). William went on the first crusade, where he is mentioned, as 'William son of Ranulf le vicomte' at the siege of Nicaea in 1097 (Ordericus Vitalis, Eccl. hist., 5.59). In Cumbria William le Meschin was first given charge of Gilsland, which he failed to hold against the Scots, and then Egremont (the barony of Copeland). He built the castle at Egremont, and close by on the coast he founded the priory of St Bees, a further daughter house of St Mary's, York. William le Meschin married Cecily de Rumilly, the daughter of Robert de Rumilly and heir to the barony of Skipton in Craven, west Yorkshire, thus creating a substantial cross-Pennine estate. William and Cecily were the founders of the priory of Embsay, which later removed to Bolton in Wharfedale. In addition to the two baronies of Egremont and Skipton, William le Meschin acquired tenancies in several counties, the more significant held of his brother in Lincolnshire (where the Lindsey survey of 1115 - 18 provides detailed record) and in Cheshire. William remained closely linked with Ranulf, whom he survived by just a few years, dying before 1135. An elder son, Matthew, having predeceased him, William's heirs were successively his younger son, also called Ranulf le Meschin, and three sisters, Amice, Alice, and Matilda, who in the course of a total of seven marriages comprehensively dismembered the estate." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

"William le Meschin, Lord of Copeland, br. of Ranulph, 1st Earl of Chester, yr. s. of Rannulf, Vicomte of the Bessin, m. Cicely de Rumilly, Lady of Skipton, da. and h. of Robert de Rumelli, of Harewood and Skipton, co. York (see ped. of Lisle in vol. viii, between pp. 48 and 49), and had 3 daughters and coheirs. (1) Alice, Lady of Skipton, who m., 1stly, William fitz Duncan, s. of Duncan II, King of Scots. See Clay, Early Yorks Charters, vol. vii, pp. 9—10. They had one s., William, 'the Boy of Egremont', who d. in the King’s ward after 1155, leaving his 3 sisters his coheirs: (i) Cicely, as in the text; (ii) Amabel, Lady of Copeland (called in the Pipe Rolls and elsewhere, Comitissa de Couplanda, who m. Reynold de Lucy (see vol. iii, pp. 247-8, sub Lucy); (iii) Alice de Rumilly, Lady of Allerdale, who m., 1stly, Gilbert Pipard, Sheriff of cos. Gloucester and Hereford, and 2ndly, Robert de Courtenay, Sheriff of Cumberland and d. s.p. (see vol. ix, pp. 527-8, sub Pipard). Alice, Lady of Skipton, m. 2ndly, Alexander FitzGerold. (2) Avice, Lady of Harewood, who m., 1stly, William de Courcy III, 2ndly, William Paynell, of Drax, co. York, and 3rdly, William de Percy of Rougemont, in Harewood, co. York (see vol. x, p. 319, sub Paynel, and p. 439, sub Percy). (3) Maud, m. 1stly, Philip de Belmeis, of Tong, Salop., and 2ndly, Hugh de Mortimer, of Wigmore, co. Hereford (see vol. ix, p. 271, note sub Mortimer (of Wigmore), and vol. xii, part 2, pp. 930—1, sub Zouche.)" [Complete Peerage I:353, footnote (d), as thoroughly corrected in Volume XIV.]

Family/Spouse: Cecily de Rumilly. Cecily (daughter of Robert de Rumilly) was born in of Skipton, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert de Grandmesnil. Robert (son of Hugh de Grandmesnil and Adeliza de Beaumont) died about 1136. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"The death by drowning of William Atheling, King Henry's only legitimate son, on 25 November 1120 transformed William Clito's fortunes. He was now the obvious male heir to England and Normandy, and a significant party of Norman aristocrats adopted his cause. Henry's problems became worse, as his son William Atheling had been betrothed to Matilda of Anjou, daughter of Count Fulk V of Anjou and Fulk wanted her dowry, several castles and towns in Maine, returned, which Henry refused. Fulk in turn betrothed his daughter Sibylla to William Clito giving him the county of Maine, between Normandy and Anjou, as her dowry. King Henry astutely appealed to canon law, however, and the marriage was eventually annulled in August 1124 on the grounds that the couple were within the prohibited degrees of consanguinity." [Wikipedia]

William married Sibyl of Anjou in 1123. Sibyl (daughter of Fulk V, King of Jerusalem and Eremburge de la Flèche) was born in 1112; died in 1165. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Joanna of Montferrat in 1127. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1093, Blois, Loir-et-Cher, France

Notes:

Count of Blois, Champagne, and Troyes. Nicknamed "le Grand".

Thibaut married Mathilde of Carinthia in 1123. Mathilde (daughter of Engelbert II von Sponheim and Uta of Passau) died on 13 Dec 1160 in Fontevault, Maine-et-Loir, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1095 and 1096

Stephen married Maud of Boulogne, Queen Consort of England in 1125. Maud (daughter of Eustache III of Boulogne and Mary of Scotland) was born about 1072; died on 30 May 1151; was buried in Faversham Abbey, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Maud. She was definitely a natural child of Henry I. According to some sources, her mother was Isabel de Beaumont, wife of Gilbert "Strongbow" Fitz Gilbert, Earl of Pembroke (also called Gilbert de Clare). This relationship is not confirmed in Royal Ancestry's extensive coverage of Henry I's many illegitimate offspring, although her marriage to Roscelin de Beaumont is noted.

Constance married Roscelin de Beaumont before 1130. Roscelin (son of Raoul de Beaumont and (Unknown) de Laval) died after 1145. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mabel married Guillaume III Gouët before 1125. Guillaume (son of Guillaume II Gouët and Eustachie Crespon) was born before 1080; died after 1140. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Conan III of Brittany before 1113. Conan (son of Alain Fergant and Ermengarde of Anjou) was born about 1093; died in 1148. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Aline.

Alice married Matthieu I de Montmorency in 1126. Matthieu (son of Bouchard IV de Montmorency and Agnes de Beaumont) was born about 1100; died in 1160. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Gloucester. Also called Robert de Caen; Robert fitz Roy; Rufus; Robert "The Counsel".

Fought at Brémulé, 20 Apr 1119, where Henry I defeated Louis VI. Present at the death of Henry I in Dec 1135. Commander-in-chief for the Empress Maud from 1139 on. From Complete Peerage: "In 1140 he burnt Nottingham, and in Feb. 1141 he and his son-in-law, Ranulph, Earl of Chester, relieved Lincoln and took Stephen prisoner, sending him to Bristol. He accompanied Maud in her progress to Winchester and London, and when the citizens drove her out fled with her to Oxford. He took part in the fighting at Winchester and helped Maud escape from the city, but was captured 14 Sep. (1141) at Stockbridge and taken prisoner to Rochester. Shortly afterwards he was exchanged, without concessions on either side, for Stephen, who was set at liberty on 1 Nov., and Robert then joined Maud at Bristol, and with her proceeded to Oxford. In June 1142 Maud sent him over to her husband, Geoffrey of Anjou, to urge him to invade England. It would appear that on this occasion Robert entered into a treaty of alliance with Miles of Gloucester, Earl of Hereford. Geoffrey declined to help until he had conquered Normandy, whereupon Robert joined him in his campaign. On hearing that Maud was besieged in Oxford, Robert hurried back to help her, taking with him her son, afterwards Henry II. He captured Wareham and other places, and on Maud's escape from Oxford he and Henry met her at Wallingford, and they went to Bristol, which was Robert's chief residence till 1146. In 1143 Robert defeated Stephen at Wilton, and in 1144 blockaded Malmesbury, Stephen refusing battle; but Maud's party was now so much reduced that Stephen was able to take Faringdon, which Robert had fortified. In the spring of 1147 Robert took Henry, Maud's son, back to Wareham and sent him over to Anjou; and in the same year, he founded Margam Abbey." Shortly thereafter he died of a sudden fever, in the priory of St. James in Bristol, which he had earlier founded; his death effectively ended Maud's military campaign. The Dictionary of National Biography (1909) said that "his sister's cause almost invariably prospered when she allowed him to direct her counsels, and declined as soon as she neglected his advice."

He was highly literate, a patron of scholars and chroniclers such as Geoffrey of Monmouth and William of Malmesbury, the latter of whom wrote the Historia Novella at his request. An enemy, Baldwin Fitz Gilbert, called him someone who "threatens much but does little, lionlike in his speech, but like a hare in his heart, great in eloquence but insignificant through laziness", which is pretty much the same insult lobbed by all of history's meatheads at people who are, like Robert, both well-spoken and ruthless at war. When Ralph Peters calls the slayer of Osama bin Laden, warlord of Libya and Afghanistan, commander of a secret empire of unimaginable violence, a "pussy", it's the voice of Baldwin Fitz Gilbert we hear. No matter how many cities you burn, if you also talk like an intellectual, some people will feel that you've let the meathead side down.

Robert married Mabel fitz Robert before 1122. Mabel (daughter of Robert fitz Hamon and Sibyl de Montgomery) died on 29 Sep 1157. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Henry fitz Henry. Killed during Henry II's invasion at Anglesea.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Cornwall. Sheriff of Devon 1173-5.

Also called Rainald; Reginald de Dunstanville; Reginald Fitz Roy; Reginald Fitz Roy de Mortain.

Reynold married Mabel fitz William about Apr 1140. Mabel (daughter of William fitz Richard) was born in of Cardinham, Bodmin, Cornwall, England; died before 1162. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1104

Maud married Heinrich V, Holy Roman Emperor on 7 Jan 1114 in Mainz, Hessen, Germany. Heinrich died on 23 May 1125 in Utrecht, Netherlands. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Geoffrey V of Anjou on 22 May 1128 in Le Mans Cathedral, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France. Geoffrey (son of Fulk V, King of Jerusalem and Eremburge de la Flèche) was born on 24 Aug 1113; died on 7 Sep 1151 in Château-du-Loire, Pays-de-la-Loire, France; was buried in Le Mans Cathedral, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of St. Pol. Count of Hesdin.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1141

Notes:

Also called Alice Waltheof.

Alice married Ralph de Tony in 1103. Ralph (son of Radulf III de Tosny and Isabel de Montfort) was born about 1081; died in 1126; was buried in Châtillon-les-Conches Abbey, Eure, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1130
• Alternate death: 1131
• Alternate death: Bef 1132

Notes:

Also called Maud of Huntingdon.

Maud married Simon I de Senlis before 1091. Simon (son of Landri de Senlis and Ermengarde) died between 1111 and 1113. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married David I, King of Scotland before Jul 1113. David (son of Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scotland (Alba) and St. Margaret of Scotland) was born about 1080; died on 24 May 1153 in Carlisle, Cumberland, England; was buried in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adam I de Brus. Adam (son of Robert I de Brus and Agnes) was born in of Skelton, Yorkshire, England; died about 1142. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Vicomte de Ventadour.

Ebles married Adelais de Montpellier in 1151. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown daughter of Gelduin of Dol). (Unknown (daughter of Gelduin) was born in of Dol-de-Bretagne, Brittany, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1135

Notes:

Also called Maud de St. Liz and (mysteriously) Maud de Clare.

Family/Spouse: William II d'Aubeney. William (son of William "Brito" d'Aubeney and Cecily le Bigod) was born in of Belvoir, Leicestershire, England; died in 1167. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Maud de Lucy. Maud (daughter of Richard de Lucy and Rohese de Boulogne) was born in of Diss, Norfolk, England; died after 1170. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died as a monk.

Family/Spouse: Olive of Brittany. Olive (daughter of Stephen of Brittany and Hawise) died after 1173. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Baldwin de Clare. Founder of Bourne Abbey.

Baldwin married Adeline de Rollos about 1130. Adeline (daughter of Richard de Rollos and Godiva) died after 1165. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Adeliza the wife of Aubrey de Vere is attested by a fairly unimpeachable source, her own son William in notes added to his life of St Osyth. According to him she lived for 22 years as a widow at St Osyth's priory in Essex, so she evidently died ca 1163." [Peter Stewart, citation details below]

Alice married Aubrey de Vere before 1106. Aubrey (son of Aubrey de Vere and Beatrice) was born before 1090 in of Hedingham, Essex, England; died on 15 May 1141 in London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Rose; Rohese de Clare.

Family/Spouse: Baderon de Monmouth. Baderon (son of William de Monmouth) was born about 1100 in Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales; died between 1170 and 1176. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1186
• Alternate death: Abt 1189

Notes:

Also called Margaret de Clare.

Family/Spouse: William de Montfitchet. William (son of William de Montfitchet and Rohese) was born in of Stansted Mountfitchet, Essex, England; died in 1137. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Richard de Clare; Richard of Ceredigion.

"Surprised and slain by the Welsh." [Royal Ancestry]

Family/Spouse: Alice of Chester. Alice (daughter of Ranulf le Meschin and Lucy of Bolingbroke) died after 1148. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 6 Jan 1149

Notes:

Earl of Pembroke. Also called Gilbert de Clare.

Family/Spouse: Isabel de Beaumont. Isabel (daughter of Robert of Meulan and Isabel de Vermandois) died after 1172. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Vladimirko Vladimirovitch. Vladimirko (son of Volodar and (Unknown) of Pomerania) was born about 1095; died in 1153. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Burgrave of Brugge.

Family/Spouse: Gertrude de Montaigu. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1164

Notes:

Also called Rainald, etc. "He became seneschal of Normandy ('dapifer Normannie') under Geoffrey, duc de Bretagne, son of Henry II, king of England. Renaud went on Crusade, and in 1158 fought at the siege of Caesarea. Baudouin III, king of Jerusalem, gave him custody of the castle of Harenc. Renaud II died in 1166. He was succeeded by his son Bernard IV." [Leo van de Pas, citation details below.]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Sibyl married Miles of Gloucester in 1121. Miles (son of Walter fitz Roger de Pîtres) was born about 1100; died on 24 Dec 1143; was buried in Llanthony Priory, outside Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1132, Brittany, France

Notes:

Also called Alan Ceoche, Alan la Coche. In England by 1172. Of North Molton, Devonshire.

Family/Spouse: Alice de Belmeis. Alice (daughter of Philip de Belmeis and Maud le Meschin) was born in of Tong, Shropshire, England; died after 1190. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1162
• Alternate death: Bef Nov 1162

Constance married Geoffroi II de Mayenne about 1135. Geoffroi (son of Juhel I de Mayenne and Clemence de Ponthieu) was born about 1135; died on 18 Feb 1165. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Bertha married Alan III about 1137. Alan (son of Stephen of Brittany and Hawise) was born before 1100; died on 15 Sep 1146 in Brittany, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"He comes into notice first circa 1142, when he attested his father's charter to Bruton. The Empress Maud's grant of an earldom to his father apparently was not recognised by Stephen, for William is never styled Earl. He was a benefactor to his father's foundation at Bruton and confirmed the gifts of his father and grandfather to Bath." [Complete Peerage IX:18.]

Family/Spouse: Godehilde de Tony. Godehilde (daughter of Roger de Tony and Ida de Hainaut) died before 1186. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[P]resent at the Council of Clarendon in Jan. 1163/4. In 1172, his father being still alive, he was in possession of the Norman lands. He joined with his father in the rebellion of 1173. He was present at King Richard's Coronation, 3 Sep. 1189, and accompanied him on the Crusade." [Complete Peerage]

Nele married Mabel before Sep 1170. Mabel died about 1203. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Maud. Maud died after 29 Sep 1206. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margaret de Hatton. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Agatha du Hommet. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 5 Sep 1201, Nantes, Brittany, France

Constance married Guy de Thouars before Oct 1199. Guy (son of Geoffroi V of Thouars and Aumur) was born about 1155; died on 13 Apr 1213 in Chemillé, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1160, of Kirkby Knowle, Yorkshire, England