Geoffroi de Fougères

Family/Spouse: Mathilde of Porhoët. Mathilde (daughter of Eudon Fitz Count and Marguerite) died before 1231. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 24 Feb 1257

Raoul married Isabel de Craon in Feb 1234. Isabel (daughter of Amaury I de Craon and Jeanne des Roches) was born after 1223; died after 15 Jan 1275. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jeanne married Hugh XII de Lusignan on 29 Jan 1254 in Fougères, Brittany, France. Hugh (son of Hugh XI "le Brun" de Lusignan and Yolande of Brittany) died after 25 Aug 1270. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joan of Lusignan, Joan d'Angouleme.

Joan married Peter de Geneville before 11 Oct 1283. Peter (son of Geoffrey de Geneville and Maud de Lacy) was born in of Ludlow, Shropshire, England; died before 8 Jun 1292. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also spelled Joinville.

Joan married Roger de Mortimer on 20 Sep 1301 in Pembridge, Herefordshire, England. Roger (son of Edmund de Mortimer and Margaret de Fiennes) was born on 3 May 1286 in of Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; died on 29 Nov 1330 in Tyburn, Middlesex, England; was buried in Church of the Greyfriars, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Thomas de Beauchamp after 22 Feb 1325. Thomas (son of Guy de Beauchamp and Alice de Tony) was born on 14 Feb 1314 in Warwick Castle, Warwickshire, England; died on 13 Nov 1369 in Calais, France; was buried in St. Mary's, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married James de Audley before 13 Jun 1330. James (son of Nicholas de Audley and Joan Martin) was born on 7 Jan 1314 in Kneesall, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 1 Apr 1386 in Heleigh in Audley, Staffordshire, England; was buried in Hulton Abbey, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married John de Cherlton before 13 Apr 1319. John (son of John de Cherleton and Hawise de la Pole) was born about 1316 in of Pole, Montgomeryshire, Wales; died before 30 Aug 1360. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Thomas de Berkeley between 10 May 1319 and 28 Aug 1329. Thomas (son of Maurice de Berkeley and Eve la Zouche) was born about 1296 in of Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England; died on 27 Oct 1361; was buried in Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knighted at the coronation of Edward III, 1 Feb 1327. Summoned to Parliament by writ, 20 Nov 1331. Also in 1331, the king restored to him certain of his father's lands, but as the attainder of his father was not reversed in his lifetime, he was never Earl of March.

Edmund married Elizabeth de Badlesmere on 27 Jun 1316 in Ernwood in Kinlet, Shropshire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere and Margaret de Clare) was born about 1313; died on 8 Jun 1356 in Rochford, Essex, England; was buried in Black Friars, Holborn, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Roger de Clifford before 20 Mar 1357. Roger (son of Robert de Clifford and Isabel de Berkeley) was born on 10 Jul 1333 in of Appleby, Westmorland, England; died on 13 Jul 1389. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippe married Hugh de Stafford before 1 Mar 1351. Hugh (son of Ralph de Stafford and Margaret de Audley) was born before 1342; died on 16 Oct 1386 in Isle of Rhodes; was buried in Stone Priory, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Summoned to Parliament by writs dated 23 Jul 1392 to 18 Dec 1409. King's chamberlain. Justice of South Wales. Accompanied John of Gaunt to Portugal in 1386.

William married Joan Arundel before 1390. Joan (daughter of Richard de Arundel and Elizabeth de Bohun) was born about 1371; died on 14 Nov 1435; was buried in Black Friars, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

12th Earl of Warwick.

From Wikipedia:

Knighted around 1355, Beauchamp accompanied John of Gaunt in campaigns in France in 1373, and around that time was made a Knight of the Garter. In the parliaments of 1376 and 1377 he was one of those appointed to supervise reform of King Richard II's government. When these were not as effective as hoped, Beauchamp was made Governor over the King. In 1377, or 1378, he granted the manors of Croome Adam (now Earls Croome) in Worcestershire and Grafton Flyford in Warwickshire to Henry de Ardern for a red rose. Between 1377 and 1378 he was appointed Admiral of the North. Beauchamp brought a large contingent of soldiers and archers to King Richard's Scottish campaign of 1385.

In 1387 he was one of the Lords Appellant, who endeavored to separate Richard from his favorites. After Richard regained power, Beauchamp retired to his estates, but was invited to London on a ruse in 1397 and charged with high treason, supposedly as a part of the Earl of Arundel's alleged conspiracy. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London (in what is now known as the "Beauchamp Tower"), pleaded guilty and threw himself on the mercy of the king. He forfeited his estates and titles, and was sentenced to life imprisonment on the Isle of Man. The next year, however, he was moved back to the Tower, until he was released in August 1399 after Henry Bolingbroke's initial victories over King Richard II.

After Bolingbroke deposed Richard and became king as Henry IV, Beauchamp was restored to his titles and estates. He was one of those who urged the new King to murder Richard, and accompanied King Henry against the rebellion of 1400.

Thomas married Margaret Ferrers before Apr 1381. Margaret (daughter of William de Ferrers and Margaret de Ufford) died on 22 Jan 1407; was buried in St. Mary's, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Tuchet. John (son of Thomas Tuchet and Joan) was born on 25 Jul 1327 in of Markeaton, Derbyshire, England; died before 10 Jan 1362. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married John de Beauchamp about 17 Apr 1351. John (son of Giles de Beauchamp and Katherine de Bures) died before 7 Feb 1389. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Reynold de Cobham. Reynold (son of Reynold de Cobham and Joan de Hever) was born in 1300 in of Sterborough, Surrey, England; died on 5 Oct 1361; was buried in Lingfield, Surrey, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maurice married Elizabeth le Despenser about 1340. Elizabeth (daughter of Hugh le Despenser and Eleanor de Clare) died on 13 Jul 1389; was buried in St. Botolph's, Aldgate, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Marshal of England. Warden of the Cinque Ports. Fought at Crécy in the first division, with the Prince of Wales. Founder knight of the Order of the Garter. Summoned to Parliament by writ in 1348. In 1354 he obtained a reversal of the sentence against his grandfather, Roger de Mortimer, and was restored to the title of Earl of March and to all of his grandfather's estates which had been forfeited to the Crown. In the following year he was summoned to Parliament by writ as Earl of March. In October 1359 he accompanied Edward III on his unsuccessful invasion of France. He was appointed Constable of the Host and rode at its head. Thereafter he was with Edward in Burgundy, where he died suddenly in February 1360.

Family/Spouse: Philippe de Montagu. Philippe (daughter of William de Montagu and Katherine de Grandison) died on 5 Jan 1382; was buried in Austin Priory, Bisham, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married John Melton before 1415. John (son of William de Melton and Elizabeth) was born about 1377 in of Aston, Yorkshire, England; died on 24 May 1455. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Ferrers. William (son of Henry de Ferrers and Joan de Poynings) was born before 25 Apr 1372 in Luton Hoo, Bedfordshire, England; was christened on 25 Apr 1372 in Luton, Bedfordshire, England; died on 18 May 1445. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Ralph de Greystoke before 1378. Ralph (son of William de Greystoke and Joan Fitz Hugh) was born on 18 Oct 1353 in Kirkby Ravensworth, Yorkshire, England; was christened on 18 Oct 1353 in Kirkby Ravensworth, Yorkshire, England; died on 6 Apr 1418. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth de Ros. Elizabeth (daughter of Thomas de Ros and Beatrice de Stafford) died in Mar 1424. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Ralph de Neville after 19 Jun 1382. Ralph (son of John de Neville and Maud Percy) was born before 1367; died on 21 Oct 1425 in Raby Castle, Durham, England; was buried in Collegiate Church of St. Mary, Staindrop, Durham, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Katherine Stafford (d. 1419)
Isabel de la Pole
Ann Morley
Elizabeth Hastings (b. 1440)
Margery Hildyard
William Ayscough (b. 1486)
Francis Ayscough
Roger Ayscough
James Ayscough
Hannah Ayscough (1623-1679)
Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Katherine married Michael de la Pole about 13 Apr 1383. Michael (son of Michael de la Pole and Katherine Wingfield) was born before 1368; died on 18 Sep 1415 in Harfleur, Normandy, France; was buried in Wingfield, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

5th Earl of Stafford.

Family/Spouse: Anne of Gloucester. Anne (daughter of Thomas of Woodstock and Eleanor de Bohun) was born before 8 May 1383; was christened in Pleshey, Essex, England; died on 16 Oct 1438; was buried in Llanthony Priory, outside Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 5 Aug 1430

Joan married James le Boteler before 29 Aug 1413. James (son of James le Boteler and Anne Welles) was born in 1392; died on 22 Aug 1452 in Ardee, Louth, Ireland; was buried in St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Worcester, 2nd Baron Abergavenny. Died in battle.

Richard married Isabel le Despenser on 27 Jul 1411 in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England. Isabel (daughter of Thomas le Despenser and Constance of York) was born about 1400; died on 27 Dec 1439. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

13th Earl of Warwick. His godfather was Richard II. Knighted at the coronation of Henry IV, he succeeded to his earldom in 1401.

From Wikipedia:

Soon after reaching his majority and taking responsibility for the Earldom, he saw military action in Wales, defending against a Welsh rebellion led by Owain Glynd?r. On 22 July 1403, the day after the Battle of Shrewsbury, he was made a Knight of the Garter.

In the summer of 1404, he rode into what is today Monmouthshire at the head of an English force. Warwick engaged Welsh forces at the Battle of Mynydd Cwmdu, near Tretower Castle a few miles northwest of Crickhowell, nearly capturing Owain Glyndwr himself, taking Owain’s banner, and forcing the Welsh to flee. The Welsh were chased down the valley of the River Usk where they regrouped and turned the tables on the pursuing English force, attempting an ambush. They chased the English in turn to the town walls of Monmouth after a skirmish at Craig-y-Dorth, a conical hill near Mitchel Troy.

Warwick acquired quite a reputation for chivalry, and when in 1408 he went on pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and was challenged many times to fight in the sporting combat which was then popular. On the return trip he went through Russia and Eastern Europe, not returning to England until 1410.

In 1410, he was appointed a member of the royal council, and two years later he was fighting in command at Calais. Up to this time Warwick’s career had been that of the typical knight-errant, but in 1413 he was Lord High Steward at the Prince’s coronation as Henry V of England, and became a trusted counsellor to the king. The following year he helped put down the Lollard uprising, and then went to Normandy as Captain of Calais, and represented England at the coronation of Sigismund as King of Germany and the Council of Constance.

Warwick spent much of the next decade fighting the French in the Hundred Years’ War. He took a prominent part in the campaigns of 1417–18. Then he joined the king before Rouen, and in October 1418 had charge of the negotiations with the dauphin Louis and with the duke of Burgundy. Next year he was again the chief English spokesman in the conference at Meulan, and afterwards was Henry’s representative in arranging the Treaty of Troyes. He held high command at sieges of French towns between 1420 and 1422.

In 1419, he was created Count of Aumale, as part of the King’s policy of giving out Norman titles to his nobles. He was appointed Master of the Horse.

Henry V’s will gave Warwick the responsibility for the education of the infant Henry VI of England. This duty required him to travel back and forth between England and Normandy many times, and during these travels he acted as superintendent of the trial of Joan of Arc. In 1437, when the king’s minority ended, the Royal Council deemed his duty complete. Despite his age, he loyally accepted an appointment as lieutenant of France and Normandy. Arriving in Normandy on 8 November, he ruled with vigour and remained in France for the remaining two years of his life.

Richard married Elizabeth Berkeley between Sep 1392 and 5 Oct 1397. Elizabeth (daughter of Thomas Berkeley and Margaret Lisle) was born between 1386 and 1387; died on 28 Dec 1422. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Isabel le Despenser on 26 Nov 1423 in Hanley Castle, Worcestershire, England. Isabel (daughter of Thomas le Despenser and Constance of York) was born about 1400; died on 27 Dec 1439. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Slain in the naval Battle of La Rochelle.

John married Maud before 1371. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Chamberlain to Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester. Constable of Gloucester Castle. Sheriff of Worcestershire 1401-02. Sheriff of Gloucestershire 1403-04, 1413-14. Knight of the shire for Worcestershire 1407, 1413, 1414, and 1416.

William married Katherine Usflete before 29 Jun 1392. Katherine (daughter of Gerard de Usflete) died after 3 Dec 1436. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Jul 1403

Reynold married Elizabeth de Stafford about 1370. Elizabeth (daughter of Ralph de Stafford and Margaret de Audley) died on 7 Aug 1375. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Reynold married Eleanor Mautravers on 9 Aug 1380. Eleanor (daughter of John Mautravers and Gwenthlian) was born about 1345; died on 12 Jan 1405; was buried in Lewes Priory, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Bluet. Elizabeth (daughter of John Bluet and Katherine Wogan) died before 19 Jul 1425. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Privy councillor to Richard II and Henry IV. Admiral of the South and West, 1403. Constable of Brecknock Castle, 1403. Joint Warden of the Welsh Marches, 1404. Joint Warden of the Welsh Marches and of Herefordshire and Gloucestershire, 1415. Regent of the Kingdom, 1416. Summoned to Parliament by writs, 16 Jul 1381 to 3 Sep 1415.

Thomas married Margaret Lisle in Nov 1367 in Wingrave, Buckinghamshire, England. Margaret (daughter of Warin de Lisle and Margaret Pipard) was born between 1360 and 1363; died on 20 Mar 1392. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of March. Earl of Ulster.

From Wikipeia:

An infant at the death of his father, Edmund, as a ward of the crown, was placed by Edward III of England under the care of William of Wykeham and Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel.

The position of the young earl, powerful on account of his possessions and hereditary influence in the Welsh marches, was rendered still more important by his marriage on 24 August 1369 at the age of 17 to the 14-year-old Philippa, the only child of the late Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, the second son of Edward III.

Lionel's late wife, Elizabeth, had been daughter and heiress of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, and Lionel had himself been created Earl of Ulster before his marriage. Edmund inherited the title Earl of Ulster on Lionel's death.

Therefore, the Earl of March not only represented one of the chief Anglo-Norman lordships in Ireland in right of his wife Philippa, but Philippa's line was also the second most senior line of descent in the succession to the crown, after Edward, the Black Prince and his son, King Richard II of England. John of Gaunt, younger brother of Prince Edward, had become the 1st Duke of Lancaster and thus the source of the House of Lancaster's claim to the throne.

This marriage had, therefore, far-reaching consequences in English history, ultimately giving rise to the claim of the House of York to the crown of England contested in the Wars of the Roses between the Yorks and the Lancasters; Edward IV being descended from the second adult son of Edward III as great-great-grandson of Philippa, countess of March, and in the male line from Edmund of Langley, the first Duke of York and the fourth adult son of Edward III.

Edmund Mortimer's son Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March would become heir presumptive to the English crown during the reign of Richard II.

Mortimer, now styled Earl of March and Ulster, became Marshal of England in 1369, and was employed in various diplomatic missions during the next following years. He was a member of the committee appointed by the Peers to confer with the Commons in 1373 - the first instance of such a joint conference since the institution of representative parliaments on the question of granting supplies for John of Gaunt's war in France.

He participated in the opposition to Edward III and the court party, which grew in strength towards the end of the reign, taking the popular side and being prominent in the Good Parliament of 1376 among the lords who supported the Prince of Wales and opposed the Court Party and John of Gaunt. The Speaker of the House of Commons in this parliament was March's steward, Peter de la Mare, (1294-1387 of Little Hereford, Hereford), who firmly withstood John of Gaunt in stating the grievances of the Commons, in supporting the impeachment of several high court officials, and in procuring the banishment of the king's mistress, Alice Perrers. March was a member of the administrative council appointed by the same parliament after the death of Edward, the Black Prince to attend the king and advise him in all public affairs.

Following the end of the Good Parliament its acts were reversed by John of Gaunt, March's steward was jailed, and March himself was ordered to inspect Calais and other remote royal castles as part of his duty as Marshal of England. March chose instead to resign the post.

On the accession of Richard II, a minor, in 1377, the Earl became a member of the standing council of government; though as husband of the heir-presumptive to the crown he wisely abstained from claiming any actual administrative office. The richest and most powerful person in the realm was, however, the king's uncle John of Gaunt, whose jealousy led March to accept the office of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1379. March succeeded in asserting his authority in eastern Ulster, but failed to subdue the O'Neills farther west. Proceeding to Munster to put down the turbulent southern chieftains, March was killed at Cork on 27 December 1381. He was buried in Wigmore Abbey, of which he had been a benefactor, and where his wife Philippa was also interred.

Edmund married Philippe of Clarence about May 1368 in Reading, Berkshire, England. Philippe (daughter of Lionel of Antwerp and Elizabeth de Burgh) was born on 16 Aug 1355 in Eltham, Kent, England; was christened in Eltham, Kent, England; died before 8 Jan 1378; was buried in Wigmore Abbey, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married John Markenfield before 1431. John (son of Thomas Markenfield and Beatrice Soothill) was born in of Markenfield, Yorkshire, England; died between 2 Jun 1431 and 18 Feb 1448. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Pierrepont. Henry (son of Henry Pierrepont and Ellen Longford) was born in of Holme Pierrepont, Nottinghamshire, England; died on 21 Jul 1457. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married William Culpepper about 1412. William (son of John Culpepper and Catherine Charles) was born in of Aylesford, Kent, England; died on 20 Jul 1457; was buried in West Peckham, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Isabel Mowbray. Isabel (daughter of Thomas Mowbray and Elizabeth Fitz Alan) died on 23 Sep 1452 in Gloucester Castle, Gloucestershire, England; was buried in Grey Friars, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Tamworth, Warwickshire, England

Thomas married Elizabeth Freville before 1418. Elizabeth (daughter of Baldwin de Freville and Maud le Scrope) was born about 1394. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Bowes. William (son of Robert Bowes and Joan Conyers) was born in of Streatlam, Durham, England; died before 11 Oct 1465. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Eudes Welles about 1395. Eudes (son of John Welles and Eleanor Mowbray) died after 1 Feb 1408. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Walter Fauconberge about 1408. Walter (son of Roger Fauconberge and Margaret) was born about 1375 in of Groval near Beverley, Yorkshire, England; died on 1 Sep 1415. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married John Normanville after 1 Sep 1415. John was born in of Smaws in Tadcaster, Yorkshire, England; died after 1417. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married John Haytfeld before 1422. John was born in of Flixborough, Lincolnshire, England; died after 12 Nov 1435. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Governor of Roxburgh Castle. Summoned to Parliament 24 Aug 1419 to 5 Jul 1435.

John married Elizabeth Ferrers on 28 Oct 1407. Elizabeth (daughter of Robert Ferrers and Joan Beaufort) was born about 1393; died in 1434; was buried in Church of the Black Friars, York, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1388

Notes:

Killed at the Siege of Mieux.

John married Elizabeth Percy between Aug 1403 and 5 Nov 1412. Elizabeth (daughter of Henry "Hotspur" Percy and Elizabeth Mortimer) died on 26 Oct 1436; was buried in Staindrop, Durham, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ralph married Mary Ferrers before 1411. Mary (daughter of Robert Ferrers and Joan Beaufort) was born about 1394; died on 25 Jan 1458. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippe married Thomas Dacre before 20 Jul 1399. Thomas (son of William Dacre and Joan) was born in of Dacre, Cumberland, England; died on 5 Jan 1548; was buried in Lanercost Priory, Cumberland, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1464

Margaret married Richard le Scrope before 31 Dec 1413. Richard (son of Roger le Scrope and Margaret Tibetot) was born on 13 May 1394 in of Bolton, Wensley, Yorkshire, England; died on 29 Aug 1420. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1464

Isabel married Thomas Morley before 6 Feb 1403. Thomas (son of Robert Morley and Isabel Moleyns) was born in 1394; died on 6 Dec 1435; was buried in Hingham, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

From Wikipedia:

Almost continually engaged in the wars in France, he was seriously wounded during the Siege of Harfleur (1415), where his father died from dysentery. Later that year his older brother Michael, 3rd Earl of Suffolk, was killed at the Battle of Agincourt, and William succeeded as 4th Earl. He became co-commander of the English forces at the Siege of Orléans (1429), after the death of Thomas, Earl of Salisbury. When that city was relieved by Joan of Arc in 1429, he managed a retreat to Jargeau where he was forced to surrender on 12 June. He remained a prisoner of Charles VII of France for three years, and was ransomed in 1431.

After his return to the Kingdom of England in 1434 he was made Constable of Wallingford Castle. He became a courtier and close ally of Cardinal Henry Beaufort. His most notable accomplishment in this period was negotiating the marriage of King Henry VI with Margaret of Anjou in 1444. This earned him a promotion from Earl to Marquess of Suffolk. However, a secret clause was put in the agreement which gave Maine and Anjou back to France, which was partly to cause his downfall. His own marriage took place on 11 November 1430, (date of licence), to (as her third husband) Alice Chaucer (1404–1475), daughter of Thomas Chaucer of Ewelme, Oxfordshire, and granddaughter of the notable poet Geoffrey Chaucer and his wife, Philippa Roet.

With the deaths in 1447 of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester and Cardinal Beaufort, Suffolk became the principal power behind the throne of the weak and compliant Henry VI. In short order he was appointed Chamberlain, Admiral of England, and to several other important offices. He was created Earl of Pembroke in 1447, and Duke of Suffolk in 1448. However, Suffolk was later suspected of being a traitor. On 16 July he met in secret with Jean, Count de Dunois, at his mansion of the Rose in Candlewick street, the first of several meetings in London at which they planned a French invasion. Suffolk passed Council minutes to Dunois, the French hero of the Siege of Orleans. It was rumoured that Suffolk never paid his ransom of £20,000 owed to Dunois. Lord Treasurer, Ralph Cromwell, wanted heavy taxes from Suffolk; the duke's powerful enemies included John Paston and Sir John Fastolf. Many blamed Suffolk's retainers for lawlessness in East Anglia.

The following three years saw the near-complete loss of the English possessions in northern France. Suffolk could not avoid taking the blame for these failures, partly because of the loss of Maine and Anjou through his marriage negotiations regarding Henry VI. On 28 January 1450 he was arrested, imprisoned in the Tower of London and impeached in parliament by the commons. The king intervened to protect his favourite, who was banished for five years, but on his journey to Calais his ship was intercepted by the Nicholas of the Tower. Suffolk was captured, subjected to a mock trial, and executed by beheading. He was later found on the sands near Dover, and the body was probably brought to a church in Suffolk, possibly Wingfield.

Suffolk was interred in the Carthusian Priory in Hull by his widow Alice, as was his wish, and not in the church at Wingfield, as is often stated. The Priory, founded in 1377 by his grandfather the first Earl of Suffolk, was dissolved in 1539, and most of the original buildings did not survive the two Civil War sieges of Hull in 1642 and 1643.

Family/Spouse: Malyne de Cay. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Alice Chaucer between 11 Nov 1430 and 21 May 1432. Alice (daughter of Thomas Chaucer and Maud Burghersh) was born between 1404 and 1405; died on 20 May 1475; was buried in Ewelme, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Buckingham. Slain at the battle of Northampton, on the Lancastrian side. He was initially buried in the church of the Greyfriars at Northampton, but later reinterred at Pleshey.

Humphrey married Anne Neville before 18 Oct 1424. Anne (daughter of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) died on 20 Sep 1480; was buried in Pleshey, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

7th Earl of Ormond. Also called Thomas Ormond. Lord Chamberlain to the Queen, 1486-1502. Chief Butler of Ireland. Privy councillor, 1504. He fought at the battle of Tewksbury in 1471.

From Wikipedia (accessed 30 Dec 2021):

Thomas Butler, as an Irish peer, should only have sat in the Irish Parliament. However, as a personal friend of Henry VII he was summoned to the English Parliament in November 1488 as "Thomas Ormond de Rochford chevaler". At this time he was already 8th Earl of Carrick and 7th Earl of Ormond, having succeeded his elder brothers James Butler, 5th Earl of Ormond and John Butler, 6th Earl of Ormond, neither of whom left legitimate issue.

He was afterwards sworn [into] the Privy Council of England.

He was known as the Wool Earl, due to his enormous wealth. Besides being in the possession of major lands in the Irish counties of Kilkenny and Tipperary, he owned 72 manors in England, making him one of the richest subjects in the realm.

In 1509, he was appointed Lord Chamberlain to Catherine of Aragon. He held this post until 1512.

Thomas married Anne Hankford before 11 Jul 1445. Anne (daughter of Richard Hankford and Anne de Montagu) was born about 1431; died on 13 Nov 1485. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 11 Sep 1473

Elizabeth married John Talbot before Mar 1445. John (son of John Talbot and Maud Neville) was born in 1413; died on 10 Jul 1460 in Northampton, Northamptonshire, England; was buried in Worksop Priory, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married George Neville before 13 Feb 1437. George (son of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) was born in of Scampston, Yorkshire, England; died in 1458 in Kislingbury, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Richard Neville in 1434. Richard (son of Richard Neville and Alice Montagu) was born on 22 Nov 1428; died on 14 Apr 1471 in Barnet, Hertfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Summoned to Parliament by writs from 20 Oct 1403 to 26 Aug 1407.

John married Elizabeth Stafford before 1398. Elizabeth (daughter of Humphrey Stafford and Alice Grenville) died between 1446 and 1447. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

King's knight, King's carver, master of the King's horses. Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight. Justice of South Wales. Lord High Treasurer. Constable of Rhuddland and Gloucester Castles.

John married Margaret Ferrers before 1434. Margaret (daughter of Edmund Ferrers and Ellen de la Roche) died between 27 Dec 1486 and 29 Jan 1488; was buried in Dominican Friars, Worcester, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Isabel Mowbray between 1423 and 1424. Isabel (daughter of Thomas Mowbray and Elizabeth Fitz Alan) died on 23 Sep 1452 in Gloucester Castle, Gloucestershire, England; was buried in Grey Friars, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Richard de Beauchamp between Sep 1392 and 5 Oct 1397. Richard (son of Thomas Beauchamp and Margaret Ferrers) died on 30 Apr 1439 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France; was buried in St. Mary's, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 13 Feb 1371, Usk, Monmouthshire, Wales

Elizabeth married Henry "Hotspur" Percy before 10 Dec 1379. Henry (son of Henry Percy and Margaret de Neville) was born on 20 May 1364; died on 21 Jul 1403 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of March.

Roger married Eleanor Holland about 7 Oct 1388. Eleanor (daughter of Thomas de Holland and Alice Fitz Alan) died in Oct 1405. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Hopton. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Burden. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Aylsford, Kent, England

Notes:

Sheriff of Kent, 1471.

Richard married Isabel Worsley before 1480. Isabel (daughter of Otewell Worsley and Rose Trevor) was born about 1460; died on 18 Apr 1527; was buried in Leigh's Chapel, St. Mary's, Lambeth, Surrey, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Edward Grey. Edward (son of Reynold Grey and Joan Astley) was born about 1415; died on 18 Dec 1457. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the King's Bodyguard. Sheriff of Kent 1487-88. Knight of the shire for Kent.

Richardson (citation details below) gives a date for the marriage of this Henry Ferrers to Margaret Hexdale of before 30 Sep 1481, when a grant of land in Kent on that date refers to Henry and Margaret as husband and wife. But another recorded grant of the manor of Hamyldon (Hambleton) to Henry and his wife is dated 14 Nov 1468, and a marriage date shortly before that fits much more tidily with Henry's i.p.m. on 17 Oct 1503, in which his and Margaret's son Edward is said to be "age 30 or more".

Henry married Margaret Hexstall before 14 Nov 1468. Margaret (daughter of William Hexstall and Joan) was born about 1440 in of Hextall's Court, East Peckham, Kent, England; died before 21 Dec 1497. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Maud Fitz Hugh. Maud (daughter of William Fitz Hugh and Margery Willoughby) died after 28 Jul 1466. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Privy councillor, 1434. Lieutenant of Ireland, 1438-42. Summoned to Parliament 25 Feb 1432 to 30 Jul 1460. Taken prisoner by Yorkists at the battle of Blore Heath. Fought at the second battle of St. Albans. Killed at the battle of Towton.

Lionel married Joan Waterton on 15 Aug 1417 in St. Oswald's, Methley, Yorkshire, England. Joan (daughter of Robert Waterton and Cecily Fleming) died after 18 Oct 1434; was buried in Methley, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lionel married Margaret Beauchamp in Apr 1447. Margaret (daughter of John Beauchamp and Edith Stourton) was born about 1410; died before 3 Jun 1482. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Whitton, Lincolnshire, England

Notes:

"Thomas Faucomberge of Skelton who died in 1407 had a younger brother, Sir Roger Faucomberge, who predeceased his brother. Sir Roger's heir was his son Sir Walter Faucomberge, who is mentioned in the ipm of Thomas Faucomberge (CIPM, vol. 19, no. 386). Sir Walter Faucomberge died on 1 September 1415 (CIPM, vol. 20, no. 298-9). Unfortunately the ipm of Walter does not mention his heirs, and neither does his will (Early Lincoln Wills, 120) so the trail breaks at this point, but it seems likely to me that this Sir Walter Faucomberge was the father of Sir Roger Faucomberge (d. Jun 1455), Isabel, wife of Gerard Sothill and Constance wife of Anthony Nuthill. " [John Watson, citation details below.]

Isabel married Edmund Percehay before 1437. Edmund was born about 1380 in of Lincolnshire, England; died before 1447. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Gerard Sothill before 1447. Gerard (son of Gerard Sothill and Joan) was born on 14 Sep 1398 in of Redbourne, Glanford Brigg, Lincolnshire, England; died on 29 Oct 1462. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Darcy. John (son of John Darcy and Margaret Grey) was born about 1404 in Temple Hurst, Yorkshire, England; died in 1454. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ralph Eure. Ralph (son of William Eure and Maud Fitz Hugh) was born in of Malton, Yorkshire, England; died on 9 Mar 1462 in Towton, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Master-Forester of the Forest of Galtres. Summoned to Parliament by writs dated 29 Oct 1436 to 15 Sep 1485.

Ralph married Elizabeth Fitz Hugh on 1 Jul 1436. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Ralph Bigod in 1432. Ralph (son of John Bigod and Constance de Mauley) was born on 7 Jul 1410 in Settrington, Yorkshire, England; died on 29 Mar 1461 in Towton, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Philip Wentworth. Philip (son of Roger Wentworth and Margery le Despenser) was born about 1424; died on 18 May 1464 in Middleham, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Heriditary sheriff of Westmorland. He was summoned to Parliament from 19 Dec 1436 to 1453. In 1435 he was a member of the Duke of Bedford's retinue in France. A Lancastrian, he was slain fighting for Henry VI at the Battle of St. Albans.

Thomas married Joan Dacre after Mar 1424. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Lincolnshire. Sheriff of Lincolnshire, 1452-53.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Newmarch. Elizabeth (daughter of Robert Newmarch and Joan Shirley) was born about 1417; died before 1467. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Elizabeth Bowet before 1427. Elizabeth (daughter of William Bowet and Joan Ufford) died after 1447. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married Thomas Clifford after Mar 1424. Thomas (son of John Clifford and Elizabeth Percy) was born on 25 Mar 1414; died on 22 May 1455 in St. Albans, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in St. Albans Abbey, St. Albans, Hertfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Summoned to Parliament by writs dated 3 Dec 1441 to 26 May 1455.

Henry married Elizabeth Scrope before 1436. Elizabeth (daughter of John le Scrope and Elizabeth Chaworth) died on 10 May 1504. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married John Arundell after 25 Apr 1446. John (son of John Arundell and Margaret Burghersh) was born on 9 Jun 1421 in Bideford, Devon, England; died on 12 Nov 1473. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married John Hastings about 21 Apr 1434. John (son of Edward Hastings and Muriel Dinham) was born about 1412 in of Fenwick, Yorkshire, England; died on 9 Apr 1477 in Elsing, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Or Joan.

Jane married Thomas Stonor before 1450. Thomas (son of Thomas Stonor and Alice Kirby) was born on 23 Mar 1424 in of Stonor, Oxfordshire, England; died on 23 Apr 1474; was buried in Pyrton, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Said to have been slain on the Lancastrian side at the first battle of St. Albans, 22 May 1455.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Beaufort. Margaret (daughter of Edmund Beaufort and Eleanor Beauchamp) died before 1479. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Margaret Ormond. According to Walter Rye (citation details below), she died insane.

Margaret married William Boleyn before 16 Nov 1469. William (son of Geoffrey Boleyn, Lord Mayor of London and Anne Hoo) was born about 1451 in of Blickling, Norfolk, England; died on 5 Oct 1505; was buried in Norwich Cathedral, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Shropshire 1485-86; Privy Councillor; Knight of the Body to Henry VII; Chamberlain of North Wales; Lieutenant of Calais 1508-15. He had command of the right wing at the battle of Bosworth. In 1504 he served as an ambassador to Pope Julius II.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Greystoke. Elizabeth (daughter of Ralph Greystoke and Elizabeth Fitz Hugh) died after 20 Dec 1483; was buried in Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Harry Neville. Killed at the battle of Edgecote Moor.

Henry married Joan Bourgchier about 1467. Joan (daughter of John Bourchier and Margery Berners) died on 7 Oct 1470. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Edward of Westminster in Aug 1470. Edward (son of Henry VI, King of England and lord of Ireland and Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of England) was born on 13 Oct 1453 in Westminster, Middlesex, England; died on 4 May 1471 in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Richard III, King of England on 12 Jul 1472 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. Richard (son of Richard of York and Cecily Neville) was born on 2 Oct 1452 in Fotheringay Castle, Northamptonshire, England; died on 22 Aug 1485 in Bosworth Field, Leicestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married John Luttrell before 1423. John (son of Hugh Luttrell, Mayor of Bordeaux and Katherine Beaumont) was born between 1394 and 1398 in of Dunster, Williton, Somerset, England; died on 30 Jul 1430. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Treasurer of the King's Household. Knighted at the batttle of Tewkesbury in 1471.

Richard married Elizabeth Stafford on 27 Jan 1447 in Alcester, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maurice married Isabel Meade in 1465. Isabel (daughter of Philip Meade, Mayor Of Bristol and Isabel) was born after 1443; died after 29 May 1514 in Coventry, Warwickshire, England; was buried in Austin Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married George Neville before 13 Feb 1437. George (son of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) was born in of Scampston, Yorkshire, England; died in 1458 in Kislingbury, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 26 Oct 1437

Elizabeth married John Clifford between Aug 1403 and 5 Nov 1412. John (son of Thomas de Clifford and Elizabeth de Ros) was born about 1389; died on 13 Mar 1422 in Mieux, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was restored as Earl of Northumberland in 1416 and regranted his father's entailed estates. He was knighted by the king, to whom he remained faithful all his life. He was slain fighting for the Lancastrian cause at the First Battle of St. Albans.

Family/Spouse: Eleanor Neville. Eleanor (daughter of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) died about 1473. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

She has to have died on or after 22 September 1411, since that is the day her son Richard was born.

Anne married Richard of Conisburgh before 23 May 1408. Richard (son of Edmund of Langley and Isabella of Castile) was born about 1375 in Conisburgh Castle, Yorkshire, England; died on 5 Aug 1415 in Southampton, Hampshire, England; was buried in Southampton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Eleanor Conyers. Eleanor (daughter of John Conyers and Margaret Darcy) died on 5 Jun 1493; was buried in Ripon Cathedral, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire, 1522.

Family/Spouse: Joan Empson. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1484
• Alternate death: Aft 1525
• Alternate death: Aft 1526

Notes:

Also called Jocasta.

Family/Spouse: Edmund Howard. Edmund (son of Thomas Howard and Elizabeth Tilney) was born between 1478 and 1480; died in Mar 1539. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joyce married Ralph Leigh before 1492. Ralph (son of Ralph Leigh and Elizabeth Langley) died on 6 Nov 1509; was buried in Lambeth, Surrey, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Talbot. Elizabeth (daughter of John Talbot and Joan Cheddar) was born in 1452 in Nutley, Sussex, England; died on 8 Sep 1487. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed in the Second Battle of St. Albans, fighting for the Lancastrians.

John married Elizabeth Woodville, Queen Consort of England in 1452. Elizabeth (daughter of Richard Woodville and Jacquetta of Luxembourg) was born in 1437 in Grafton Regis, Northamptonshire, England; died on 8 Jun 1492 in Bermondsey Priory, Surrey, England; was buried on 12 Jun 1492 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1469, of Baddesley, Warwickshire, England
• Alternate birth: 1470

Notes:

MP for Warwickshire in 1529. Knighted at Tournai in 1513.

Edward married Constance Brome between 1 Oct 1497 and 17 Oct 1503. Constance (daughter of Nicholas Brome and Dorothy Arundell) died on 30 Sep 1551. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married James Clerke about 1508. James (son of John Clerke and Lucy Moyle) was born in of Forde Hall, Wrotham, Kent, England; died on 20 Sep 1553 in Wrotham, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Durham, 1482.

Family/Spouse: Margery Conyers. Margery (daughter of Richard Conyers and Alice Wycliffe) died after 6 Aug 1524. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert Willoughby. Robert (son of Thomas Willoughby and Joan Arundel) was born in of Parham, Suffolk, England; died on 30 May 1465; was buried in Campsey Priory, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Thomas Hoo before 1445. Thomas (son of Thomas Hoo and Eleanor Felton) was born before 1399 in of Hoo, Luton, Bedfordshire, England; died on 13 Feb 1455. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Dymoke. Thomas (son of Philip Dymoke and Joan Conyers) was born about 1428 in of Scrivelsby, Horncastle, Lincolnshire, England; died on 12 Mar 1470. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Fulnetby. John (son of John Fulnetby and Joan) was born about 1425. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Agnes. Agnes died after 27 Jul 1525. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1458

Family/Spouse: Eleanor Scrope. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Yorkshire, 1482-83.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Constable. Margaret (daughter of Robert Constable and Agnes Wentworth) died before Jul 1497. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gilbert Talbot. Gilbert (son of John Talbot and Elizabeth Butler) was born in 1452 in of Grafton, Worcestershire, England; died on 16 Aug 1517; was buried in Whitchurch, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Conyers. William (son of Christopher Conyers and Margery Eure) was born about 1456 in of Sockburn, Durham, England; died on 8 Sep 1490. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 28 Apr 1479

Family/Spouse: Thomas Cotton. Thomas (son of William Cotton and Alice Abbott) was born in 1438; died on 30 Jul 1499. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Martin de la See. Martin (son of Brian de la See and Maud Monceaux) was born about 1420 in of Barmston, Yorkshire, England; died between 20 Nov 1494 and 15 Dec 1494; was buried in All Hallows, Barmston, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ann Saye. Ann (daughter of John Say and Elizabeth Cheyne) died after 25 Feb 1484. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Notwithstanding the Wikipedia text below, historians have noted that it was only several decades after the Battle of Wakefield that mentions begin of John Clifford personally slaying the Earl of Rutland, and Clifford is first called "Butcher Clifford" no earlier than 1540.

From Wikipedia (accessed 2 Jan 2024):

John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford, 9th Lord of Skipton [...] was a Lancastrian military leader during the Wars of the Roses in England. The Clifford family was one of the most prominent families among the northern English nobility of the fifteenth century, and by the marriages of his sisters, John Clifford had links to some very important families of the time, including the earls of Devon. He was orphaned at twenty years of age when his father was slain by partisans of the House of York at the first battle of the Wars of the Roses, the Battle of St Albans in 1455. It was probably as a result of his father's death there that Clifford became one of the strongest supporters of Margaret of Anjou, wife of King Henry VI, who ended up as effective leader of the Lancastrian faction.

Clifford had already achieved prominence in the north where, as an ally of the son of the earl of Northumberland, he took part in a feud against the Neville family, the Percy's natural rivals in Yorkshire. This consisted of a series of armed raids, assaults and skirmishes, and included an ambush on one of the younger Nevilles' wedding parties in 1453. Historians have seen a direct connection between his involvement in the local feud in the north with the Nevilles, and his involvement in the national struggle against the duke of York, with whom the Nevilles were closely allied with in the late 1450s. Although this was supposedly a period of temporary peace between the factions, Clifford and his allies appear to have made numerous attempts to ambush the Neville and Yorkist lords.

Armed conflict erupted again in 1459, and again Clifford was found on the side of King Henry and Queen Margaret. Clifford took part in the parliament that attainted the Yorkists -- by now in exile -- and he took a share of the profits from their lands, as well as being appointed to offices traditionally in their keeping. The Yorkist lords returned from exile in June 1460 and subsequently defeated a royal army at Northampton. As a result of the royalist defeat, Clifford was ordered to surrender such castles and offices as he had from the Nevilles back to them, although it is unlikely that he did so. In fact, he and his fellow northern Lancastrian lords merely commenced a campaign of destruction on Neville and Yorkist estates and tenantry, to such an extent that in December 1460, the duke of York and his close ally, the earl of Salisbury, raised an army and headed north to crush the Lancastrian rebellion. This winter campaign culminated in the Battle of Wakefield in the last days of the year, and was a decisive victory for the Lancastrian army, of which Clifford was by now an important commander. The battle resulted in the deaths of both York and Salisbury, but was probably most notorious for Clifford's slaying of Edmund, Earl of Rutland, York's seventeen-year-old second son and the younger brother of the future King Edward IV. This may have resulted in Clifford's being nicknamed "Butcher Clifford", although historians disagree as to how widely used by contemporaries this term was.

Clifford accompanied the royal army on its march south early the next year, where, although wounded, he played a leading part in the second Battle of St Albans, and then afterwards with the Queen to the north. The Yorkist army, now under the command of Edward of York and Richard, Earl of Warwick, pursued the Lancastrians to Yorkshire and eventually defeated them at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461. Clifford though was not present; he had been slain in a skirmish with a Yorkist advance party the previous day. Following the coronation of the by-then victorious Edward IV, he was attainted and his lands confiscated by the Crown.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Bromflete. Margaret (daughter of Henry Bromflete and Eleanor Fitz Hugh) died on 12 Apr 1493; was buried in Londesborough, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Or Jane.

Family/Spouse: William Gascoigne. William (son of William Gascoigne and Margaret Clarell) was born in of Gawthorpe, Yorkshire, England; died after 15 Jul 1461. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married Richard Fiennes after May 1446. Richard (son of Roger Fiennes and Elizabeth Holand) died on 25 Nov 1483; was buried in Herstmonceux, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Eleanor Washbourne. Eleanor (daughter of Norman Washbourne and Elizabeth Kniveton) died between 11 Dec 1505 and Jan 1506. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married James Tyrrell after 23 Mar 1469. James (son of William Tyrrell and Margaret Darcy) was born about 1445 in of Gipping, Suffolk, England; died on 6 May 1502; was buried in Austin Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Robert Hildyard before 8 Apr 1459. Robert (son of Robert Hildyard and Katherine de la Hay) was born about 1435 in of Winestead, Yorkshire, England; died on 21 May 1501. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anne Gascoigne. Anne (daughter of William Gascoigne and Margaret Clarell) died after 7 Jun 1488. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Barantyne. John (son of John Barantyne and Elizabeth Popham) was born about 1460 in of Little Haseley, Oxfordshire, England; died on 21 Dec 1485; was buried in Friars Preachers, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert Clere. Robert (son of Robert Clere and Elizabeth Uvedale) was born in of Ormesby, Norfolk, England; died on 10 Aug 1529; was buried in Ormesby St. Margaret, Ormesby, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Wiltshire. 1st Earl of Ormond. 1st Viscount Rochford.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Howard. Elizabeth (daughter of Thomas Howard and Elizabeth Tilney) was born about 1480; died on 3 Apr 1538. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Norfolk, 1529. Chancellor of the household of his neice, Anne Boleyn, 1533-36. Knight of the body to Henry VIII by 1533.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Wood. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Albrighton, Shropshire, England

Notes:

Sheriff of Shropshire 1527-28, 1533-34, 1537-38, 1541-42.

John married Margaret Troutbeck before 1510. Margaret (daughter of Adam Troutbeck and Joan Molyneux) was born about 1492; died after 11 Jul 1521. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Fought alongside the King against the rebels at the battle of Stoke, 1487. Summoned to Parliament by writ from 12 Aug 1491 to 3 Nov 1529. Fought at Flodden Field in 1513.

Doubly descended from Edward III, through his great-great grandfathers John of Gaunt (on his father's side) and Thomas of Woodstock (on his mother's).

Richard married Anne Stafford about 1483. Anne (daughter of Humphrey Stafford and Katherine Fray) was buried in Well, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He fought at the battle of Wakefield, 30 Dec 1460. That he died less than two months later suggests that his death was a result of injuries in the battle. That he was posthumously attainted indicates that he must have fought on the Yorkist side.

James married Elizabeth Courtenay between 1450 and 1451. Elizabeth (daughter of Philip Courtenay and Elizabeth Hungerford) was born in Exeter, Devon, England; died on 1 Sep 1493; was buried in Dunster, Somerset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Robert Willoughby before 28 Feb 1495. Robert (son of Robert Willoughby and Blanche Champernoun) was born between 1470 and 1472 in of Brook in Westbury, Wiltshire, England; died on 10 Nov 1521. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Richard Lygon about 1490. Richard (son of Thomas Lygon and Anne Giffard) was born between 1467 and 1477 in of Madresfield, Worcestershire, England; died on 1 May 1512 in Madresfield, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Dennis. William (son of Walter Dennis and Agnes Danvers) was born about 1470 in of Dyrham, Gloucestershire, England; died on 22 Jun 1533. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Harry Neville. Killed at the battle of Edgecote Moor.

Henry married Joan Bourgchier about 1467. Joan (daughter of John Bourchier and Margery Berners) died on 7 Oct 1470. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Philip Wentworth. Philip (son of Roger Wentworth and Margery le Despenser) was born about 1424; died on 18 May 1464 in Middleham, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Heriditary sheriff of Westmorland. He was summoned to Parliament from 19 Dec 1436 to 1453. In 1435 he was a member of the Duke of Bedford's retinue in France. A Lancastrian, he was slain fighting for Henry VI at the Battle of St. Albans.

Thomas married Joan Dacre after Mar 1424. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Northumberland. Summoned to Parliament from 14 Dec 1446 to 26 May 1455 by writs directed Henrico de Percy, chivaler, domino de Ponynges. Slain fighting for the king at the Battle of Towton.

Henry married Eleanor Poynings before 25 Jun 1435. Eleanor (daughter of Richard Poynings and Eleanor Berkeley) died on 11 Feb 1484. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Edmund Grey before 1440. Edmund (son of John Grey and Constance Holand) was born on 26 Oct 1416; died on 22 May 1490. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Bourchier. Henry (son of William Bourchier and Anne of Gloucester) died in 1483. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of York. Often called "Richard Plantagenet," a surname which he actually used on occasion in his own lifetime, something not done by any other Plantagenet. Killed in the Battle of Wakefield.

"[T]he most powerful subject in England, heir of the Mortimer claim to the crown, king's lieutenant in Normandy and Ireland, self-interest mingled in him with a love of justice and desire for administrative reform, he claimed the throne but was defeated and slain in battle." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Noted in a footnote on page 69 of The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below): "Nearly every source has his date of birth as 21 September. However, CP 14:642 includes a correction to CP 12(2):905, that changes the date of birth to 22 September. Johnson, Duke Richard of York, 1 n. 1, has 22 September, noting that it was on the feast of St. Maurice."

Richard married Cecily Neville before 18 Oct 1424. Cecily (daughter of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) was born on 3 May 1415; died on 31 May 1495 in Berkhamsted Castle, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Fotheringay, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was a commander at Flodden Field and was knighted on the field, 9 Sep 1513.

Family/Spouse: Dorothy Gascoigne. Dorothy (daughter of William Gascoigne and Margaret Percy) died before 1526. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

George married Winifred Thwaites on 20 Nov 1544. Winifred (daughter of William Thwaites and Alice Garneys) died before 10 Dec 1591; was buried on 10 Dec 1591 in Clifton, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In one of the charges leading to her downfall, she was alleged to have failed to resist the advances of a gentleman of the king's privy chamber named Thomas Culpeper, who was himself beheaded at Tyburn on 10 Dec 1541, two months before her own execution. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography article about Katherine Howard notes that "he was distantly related to Katherine on her mother's side, for they shared a Culpeper ancestor who had lived in the reign of Edward II." This would be true if the courtier were a son of any number of Culpepers of sixteenth-century Kent, virtually all of them descendants of Thomas Colepeper of Brenchley who died in 1309. But the ODNB confidently states that the courtier Thomas Culpeper was "the second of the three sons of Alexander Culpeper of Bedgebury, Kent (d. 1541), and his second wife, Constance Harper (née Chamberlain); his elder brother, also named Thomas, was a client of Thomas Cromwell." This piques our interest, because this Alexander Culpeper was a son of John Culpeper (~1430-1480) and his wife Agnes Gainsford, who are themselves direct ancestors of JTS and (probably) TNH, AP, and GFS.^{1, 2}

The problem is this: Alexander Culpeper of Bedgebury made his will on 20 May 1540, and died sometime in 1541 before 21 June, when his will was proved. His wife Constance made her will on 4 Oct 1541, after her husband's death. All of these events happened before the courtier Thomas Culpeper was accused, much less executed. And yet both wills name only one son named Thomas. Alexander's calls Thomas "myne eldist sonne" and mentions one other son, John. Constance's also names only two sons by Alexander, Thomas and John. (She had an additional son, George Harper, by her first marriage.)

Constance's will was proved at London on 13 Nov 1542, so it's entirely possible that she lived past 10 Nov 1541, the day the courtier Thomas Culpepper was executed. And there is a codicil to Constance's will, undated, but it makes none of the adjustments one might expect if one of one's legatees had been beheaded at Tyburn since the main will was drawn up.

Even more to the point, if backwoods gentry Alexander and Constance Culpeper had a son who was a fast-rising figure at the royal court, one would think he would at least be mentioned in one or both of their wills. Remember again that when both of these wills were drawn up, the courtier Thomas Culpeper had yet to be accused of any wrongdoing.

Finally, the will of the Thomas Culpeper who was definitely a son of Alexander and Constance Culpeper, mentioned in both of their wills, is dated 6 Aug 1557; it was proved 20 Oct 1558, and he was buried at St. Mary's in Goudhurst on 13 May 1558. He was married twice, to Elizabeth Hawte in about 1522 and to Ellen Hendley in about 1540. He is obviously not the courtier who was executed in November 1541.

Where does the claim about the courtier's parentage come from? Probably the 1592 Visitation of Kent. Specifically, the 1924 volume The Visitations of Kent, Taken in the Years 1574 and 1592 by Robert Cooke, Clarenceux, edited by W. Bruce Bannerman, part 2, London, 1924 (Harleian Society volume 75). "The present Volume contains the remaining portion of the letters, I-Z, of the second Visitation, in 1574, together with the third Visitation, made in 1592, based on a contemporary MS bearing the autograph of Percy, Viscount Strangford, London, 1816, with the addition, from other sources, of some further Pedigrees and Arms." We're uncertain what "contemporary MS" means in this context: an actual manuscript made by a herald in the 1590s, or not? And as to the "autograph of Percy, Viscount Strangford, London, 1816", we are doubtful about the mighty authenticating credibility emanating from the signature of Percy Clinton Sydney Smythe, 6th Viscount Strangford (1780-1855), whose career as a British diplomat went into an abrupt decline when, as ambassador to Russia in 1826, he was caught falsifying dispatches to the British government and revealing confidential documents to the Austrian ambassador in St. Petersburg. At any rate, these are the pertinent passages from the 1924 volume's representation of the 1592 visitation, all on page 92:

S^r John Colepeper of Bedgebery aforsaide knight Sonne and heire to Walter married Agnes the daughter of . . . . . and by her hathe issue S^r Alexander Colepeper knighte his eldest Sonne […]

S^r Alexander Colepeper of Bedgebery aforsaide knighte Sonne and heire to S^r John maried to his first wiffe Agnes Daughter to Roger Davye of Northfelde in the County of Kent Esquire and by her had issue Alys. After the saide S^r Alexander maried to his seconde wiffe Constance Daughter to Robert Chamberlein and wydowe of Harper, and her her had issue Thomas Colepeper his eldist Sonne, and Thomas Colepeper second Sonne, and John Colepeper thirde Sonne, Elizabeth maried to S^t Clere gent., Anne maried to Raulfe Molyns of Barkeshier, and Johan maried to Aldred ffitz James of Somersetshire Esquire, Margarett married to Phillippe Chowte gent and Katherin maried to Edwarde Barrett gent.

Anne's husband was actually William Molyns, not Raulfe or Ralph. Johanna's husband was Alfred Fitzjames, not Aldred, but given the fluidity of late-medieval names he may well have gone by Aldred two or three times a week. At any rate, even stipulating that these passages represent a perfect copy of the original 1592 visitation, it remains that this information would have been taken down by the heralds from people reciting family history over fifty years after the deaths of Alexander and Constance Culpeper.

We would like to know if the author of the ODNB essay about Katherine Howard, Retha M. Warnicke, has other sources that would indicate that the courtier Thomas Culpeper was in fact a son of Alexander and Constance. We would also like to know the source for the information that his stated older brother, also named Thomas, was "a client of Thomas Cromwell." In the absence of any such information, we're inclined to believe that this theory of the parentage of the courtier Thomas Culpeper is merely yet another example of the less-than-perfect reliability of visitation pedigrees.

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(1) Depending on whether TNH, AP, and GFS ancestor Joan Roberts was a daughter of her father Walter Roberts's second wife Isabel Culpepper, daughter of John Culpepper and Agnes Gainsford, as seems most probable, instead of his first wife, Margaret Penn. See Adrian Benjamin Burke, John Blythe Dobson, and Janet Chevally Wolfe, "The Exhurst Ancestry of the Stoughton Siblings of New England", The New England Historical and Genealogical Register 165:245, October 2011; 166:46, January 2012.

(2) And possibly of PNH, if it's ever proved that his 9G-grandfather Henry Colepepper (d. 1675 in Virginia) was a son of his fellow Virginia emigrant John Culpeper (1637-1674), as has often been speculated. If this turned out to be the case, John Culpeper and Agnes Gainsford would be the most recent common ancestors of PNH and TNH.

Catherine married Henry VIII, King of England on 28 Jul 1540 in Oatlands Palace, Surrey, England. Henry (son of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Jun 1491 in Greenwich, Kent, England; died on 28 Jan 1547 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

She was subsequently married to James Stumpe (d. 1563) and then Thomas Stafford. Over the decades she sold off most of her first husband's property in order that she and her husbands could maintain the extravagant lifestyle to which she had become accustomed at the court of Henry VIII.

Isabel married Edward Baynton about 18 Jan 1532. Edward (son of John Baynton and Joan Digges) was born about 1480 in of Bromham, Wiltshire, England; died on 27 Nov 1544. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Edmund Dudley after 1500. Edmund (son of John Dudley and Elizabeth Bramshott) was born about 1462; died on 18 Aug 1510 in Tower Hill, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Cecily Bonville. Cecily (daughter of William Bonville and Catherine Neville) was born between 1460 and 1461; died on 12 May 1529 in Shacklewell, Hackney, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Valentine Knightley. Valentine (son of Richard Knightley and Joan Skennard) died on 8 Mar 1566 in Fawsley, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He participated in the suppression of Wyatt's Rebellion with a defeat of rebels near Wrotham on 10 Feb 1554.

George married Elizabeth Wilsford about 1533. Elizabeth (daughter of Thomas Wilsford and Elizabeth Culpeper) was born about 1517. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He fought at Flodden Field in 1513.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Clifford. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Eresby, Lincolnshire, England

Christopher married Margaret Jenney before 28 Mar 1482. Margaret (daughter of William Jenney and Elizabeth Cawse) died between 1515 and 1516. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married James Carew about 1468. James (son of Nicholas Carew and Margaret Fiennes) was born in of Beddington, Surrey, England; died on 22 Dec 1492. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Leon, Lyon.

Lionel Dymoke = Joan Griffith
Alice Dymoke = William Skipwith
Henry Skipwith = Jane Hall
William Skipwith = Margaret Cave
Henry Skipwith = Anne Kempe
Diana Skipwith = Edward Dale
Katherine Dale = Thomas Carter
Thomas Carter = Arabella Williamson
Daniel Carter = Elizabeth Pannill
Thomas Carter = Mary
Anne Carter = Joseph Oswald
Susannah Oswald = Gen. Daniel Stewart
Martha Stewart = James Stephens Bulloch
Martha Bulloch = Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt

Lionel married Joan Griffith about 1486. Joan (daughter of Rhys Griffith) was born about 1471; died after 1492. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lionel married Anne Heydon between 1505 and 17 Dec 1509. Anne (daughter of Henry Heydon and Anne Boleyn) died before 8 May 1521. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1544

Notes:

Sheriff of Lincolnshire 1483-84, 1502-03, 1509-10, 1515-16. Merchant of the Staple of Calais. Treasurer of Tournai. Commander at the siege of Tournai in 1513.

He was King's Champion at the coronations of kings Richard III, Henry VII, and Henry VIII, "by entering the hall during dinner on horseback to challenge in single combat any who disputed the king's right to reign." [Royal Ancestry, citation details below]

Family/Spouse: Anne Sparrow. Anne (daughter of John Sparrow) died before 6 Mar 1543. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married John Fulnetby about 1485. John (son of John Fulnetby and (Unknown) Sothill) was born about 1455; died between 30 Aug 1523 and 3 Nov 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Regarding his date of death, Kirk and Hollick say in a footnote that "[o]n 30 August 1523, John Fulveby [sic] was granted a commission to collect royal subsidy
in Lincolnshire, but on 3 November 1528 he was noted as deceased in the will
of Thomas Bryge of Sausthorpe.."

John married Jane Dymoke about 1485. Jane (daughter of Thomas Dymoke and Margaret Welles) was born about 1467. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1544

Isabel married Oliver Wentworth before 1520. Oliver (son of Thomas Wentworth and Jane Mirfield) was born about 1490 in of Goxhill, Glanford Brigg, Lincolnshire, England; died between 7 Dec 1558 and 28 Jan 1559. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1443

William married Eupheme Langton after 23 Jan 1461 in Farnley, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Ralph Evers.

Ralph married Muriel Hastings on 18 Jan 1482. Muriel (daughter of Hugh Hastings and Anne Gascoigne) died before Jan 1516. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Albrighton, Shropshire, England

Notes:

Sheriff of Shropshire 1527-28, 1533-34, 1537-38, 1541-42.

John married Margaret Troutbeck before 1510. Margaret (daughter of Adam Troutbeck and Joan Molyneux) was born about 1492; died after 11 Jul 1521. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Mauleverer. William (son of Robert Mauleverer and Joan Vavasour) was born before 1471 in of Wothersome, Yorkshire, England; died on 10 Aug 1551; was buried on 13 Aug 1551 in Bardsey, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joan de la See, Joan at See.

Jane married Peter Hildyard between 1480 and 1485. Peter (son of Robert Hildyard and Elizabeth Hastings) was born about 1460 in of Winestead, Yorkshire, England; died on 20 Mar 1502. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Seymour. John was born in of Wolfhall, Wiltshire, England; died on 21 Dec 1536; was buried in Easton Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Harry Clifford.

From Wikipedia (accessed 2 Jan 2024):

Henry Clifford, 10th Baron Clifford KB [...] was an English nobleman. His father, John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford, was killed in the Wars of the Roses fighting for the House of Lancaster when Henry was around five years old. A local legend later developed that -- on account of John Clifford having killed one of the House of York's royal princes in battle, and the new Yorkist King Edward IV seeking revenge -- Henry was spirited away by his mother. As a result, it was said, he grew up ill-educated, living a pastoral life in the care of a shepherd family. Thus, ran the story, Clifford was known as the "shepherd lord". More recently, historians have questioned this narrative, noting that for a supposedly ill-educated man, he was signing charters only a few years after his father's death, and that in any case, Clifford was officially pardoned by King Edward in 1472. It may be that he deliberately avoided attracting Yorkist attention in his early years, although probably not to the extent portrayed in the local mythology.

The Yorkist regime came to an end in 1485 with the invasion of Henry Tudor, who defeated Edward's brother, Richard III, at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Henry's victory meant that he needed men to control the North of England for him, and Clifford's career as a loyal Tudor servant began. Soon after Bosworth, the King gave him responsibility for crushing the last remnants of rebellion in the north. Clifford was not always successful in this, and his actions were not always popular. On more than one occasion, he found himself at loggerheads with the city of York, the civic leadership of which was particularly independently minded. When another Yorkist rebellion broke out in 1487, Clifford suffered an embarrassing military defeat by the rebels outside the city walls. Generally, however, royal service was extremely profitable for him: King Henry needed trustworthy men in the region and was willing to build up their authority in order to protect his own.

Although Clifford's later years were devoted to service in the north and fighting the Scots (he took part in the decisive English victory at Flodden in 1513) he fell out with the King on numerous occasions. Clifford was not an easy-going personality; his abrasiveness caused trouble with his neighbours, occasionally breaking out in violent feuds. This was not the behaviour the King expected from his lords. Furthermore, Clifford had married a cousin of the King, yet Clifford's infidelity to her was notorious among his contemporaries. This also drew the King's ire, to the extent that the couple's separation was mooted. Clifford's first wife had died by 1511, and Clifford remarried. This was also a tempestuous match, and on one occasion he and his wife ended up in court accusing each other of adultery. Clifford's relations with his eldest son and heir, the eventual Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland, were equally turbulent. Clifford rarely attended the royal court himself, but sent his son to be raised with the King's heir, Prince Arthur. Clifford later complained that young Henry not only lived above his station, he consorted with men of bad influence; Clifford also accused his son of regularly beating up his father's servants on his return to Yorkshire.

Clifford outlived the King and attended the coronation of Henry VIII in 1509. While continuing to serve as the King's man in the north, Clifford carried on his feuds with the local gentry. He also indulged his interests in astronomy, for which he built a small castle for observation purposes. Clifford grew ill in 1522 and died in April of the following year; his widow later remarried. Young Henry inherited the title as 11th Baron Clifford as well as a large fortune and estate, the result of his father's policy of frugality and avoiding the royal court for most of his life.

Family/Spouse: Anne St. John. Anne (daughter of John St. John and Alice Bradschagh) died after 12 May 1506; was buried in Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]