Henry IV, King of England

Notes:

“He was born in Gaunt’s castle at Bolingbroke in Lincolnshire in the spring of 1367 (on 1 June Edward III paid £5 to the messenger who brought him news of his grandson’s birth), very possibly on 15 April. That day was Maundy Thursday, a feast Henry observed with particular attention in later life.” [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, citation details below]

Henry married Mary de Bohun on 5 Feb 1381 in Rochford Hall, Essex, England. Mary (daughter of Humphrey de Bohun and Joan Fitz Alan) died in 1394. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Henry V, King of England and lord of Ireland was born on 16 Sep 1386 in Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 31 Aug 1422 in Château-de-Vincennes, Vincennes, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England.
2. Thomas of Lancaster was born in 1387; died on 22 Mar 1421 in Baugé, Anjou, France; was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Feb 1399, Leicester Castle, Leicestershire, England

Notes:

Duke of Lancaster. 527 other titles. Richest European individual of his day.

By his first wife, he was a great-great grandfather to Isabelle of Castile; by his second wife, he was a great-grandfather to her. And the parents of the Spanish wife of his retainer Walter Blount were GX3-grandparents to Ferdinand I.

"John [was] born in Ghent during the king's absence in March (Edward had left for England in February). The birth happened at the abbey of St Bavo because that is where the pregnant queen lodged from her arrival. The precise date 6 March is not certain." [Peter Stewart, 21 Nov 2021]

"John's baptism presumably took place in Ghent shortly after the sea battle on 24 June 1340 -- Edward landed at Sluys and rode on to Ghent after sending news of the victory to his allies including Jean III of Brabant and supporters including Jacob van Artevelde at Thun-l'Évêque near Cambrai. Jean of Brabant was the godfather after whom John of Gaunt was named, and he held him at the font according to Froissart. An early-15th-century chronicle written at Saint-Denis claims that Jakob van Artevelde was the boy's godfather and held him at the font, but it is scarcely plausible that a burgess of Ghent was chosen as godfather to an English prince, or that if this actually happened it would not have been widely reported as a very extraordinary incident." [Peter Stewart, 21 Nov 2021]

John married Blanche of Lancaster in May 1359 in Reading Abbey, Berkshire, England. Blanche (daughter of Henry of Grosmont and Isabel de Beaumont) was born on 25 Mar 1342; died on 12 Sep 1368; was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Charles M. Hansen noted in 2023 (citation details below) that she was born on the feast of the Annunciation, which was on 25 March in 1342, not 23 March as erroneously reported in his and Neil D. Thompson's Ancestry of Charles II (citation details below).

Edward married Philippa of Hainault, Queen Consort of England on 24 Jan 1328 in York Cathedral, York, Yorkshire, England. Philippa (daughter of William III of Hainault and Jeanne de Valois) was born about 1314; died on 15 Aug 1359 in Windsor, Berkshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Genealogist Martin Hollick has pointed out that the marriage of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault marks the point at which descent from William the Conqueror was united with descent from Harold Godwinson, who lost to William at Hastings in 1066:

Harold II Godwinson, King of England (~1022-1066) = Ealdgyth of Mercia (d. >1066)
Gytha of Wessex = Vladimir II Monomakh, Grand Prince of Kiev (1053-1125)
Mstislav I, Grand Prince of Kiev (1076-1132) = Ljubawa Dimitriewna Sawiditsch (d. 1167)
Euphrosine of Kiev (~1130-1186) = Geisa II, King of Hungary, Croatia, Dalmatia, and Rama (1130-1161)
Béla III, King of Hungary, Croatia, Dalmatia, and Rama (~1148-1196) = Anna de Châtillon (1154-1184)
András II, King of Hungary (1176-1235) = Yolanda of Courtenay (~1200-1233)
Violant of Hungary (d. 1251) = James I, King of Aragón (1208-1276)
Isabella of Aragón (d. 1271) = Philippe III, King of France (1245-1285)
Charles of France (1270-1325) = Margaret of Anjou (1272-1299)
Jeanne de Valois (~1294-1342) = William III of Hainault) (~1286-1337)
Philippa of Hainault (~1314-1359)

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 23 Mar 1361

Notes:

He succeeded to the titles of Earl of Lancaster and of Leicester. "[C]reated Earl of Derby (1337), Earl of Lincoln (1349), Duke of Lancaster (1351), England's foremost military commander during the early stages of the Hundred Years War, the richest and most powerful man in the kingdom after Edward III, and his most trusted cousnelor, he was esteemed by his contemporaries as a perfect knight." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

He died of the plague.

Henry married Isabel de Beaumont about 1337. Isabel (daughter of Henry de Beaumont and Alice Comyn) died after 24 Mar 1361. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

She outlived her husband.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 22 Sep 1327, Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England

Notes:

He is widely held to have died 21 (or 22) Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, but Ian Mortimer has presented arguments to the contrary that seem to us not easily dismissed.

Edward married Isabella of France, Queen Consort of England on 25 Jan 1308 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, France. Isabella (daughter of Philippe IV "the Fair", King of France; King of Navarre and Joan, Queen of Navarre; Queen Consort of France) was born in 1292 in Boulogne, France; died on 22 Aug 1358 in Hertford Castle, Hertford, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Church of the Grey Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Hainault, Holland, and Zeeland.

William married Jeanne de Valois on 19 May 1305 in Chauny, Aisne, France. Jeanne (daughter of Charles of France and Margaret of Anjou) was born about 1294; died on 7 Mar 1342 in Fontenelles, Burgundy, France; was buried in Abbey of Fontenelles, Burgundy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

As a widow she became abbess of Fontenelles.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1281, Grosmont Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales

Notes:

Also called "Tortcol"; also called Henry Plantagenet.

Earl of Lancaster. Earl of Leicester.

Steward of England; Constable of Abergavenny and Kenilworth Castles 1326; Chief Guardian of the King 1327; Captain-General of the Marches towards Scotland 1327; Councillor of Regency 1345.

Summoned to Parliament by writs 6 Feb 1299 onward.

"Served against the Scots and in Flanders, at the siege of Carlaverock in 1300, among the barons forcing restrictions on Edward II's powers, joined the queen's party in 1326 and captured the king later that year, knighted Edward III at his coronation, became blind in about 1330, but continued to participate in public affairs and as a counselor of the king." [Ancestry of Charles II, citation details below.]

Henry of Lancaster and Maud de Chaworth were great-grandparents of both Henry IV and his queen, Mary de Bohun.

Henry married Maud de Chaworth before 2 Mar 1297. Maud (daughter of Patrick de Chaworth and Isabel de Beauchamp) was born on 2 Feb 1282; died before 3 Dec 1322; was buried in Mottisfont Priory, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Maud de Chaorces.

Notes:

Earl of Buchan.

From Wikipedia (accessed 10 Jan 2024):

Henry de Beaumont [...] jure uxoris 4th Earl of Buchan and suo jure 1st Baron Beaumont, was a key figure in the Anglo-Scots wars of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, known as the Wars of Scottish Independence.

Henry de Beaumont was a veteran campaigner who participated in every major engagement, from the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 to the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333. Although not now a widely known figure, he was, nevertheless, of considerable military and political importance. His long experience in the Scottish wars led him to develop a battle technique later used to great effect at Crécy and Agincourt.

As one of a group of Anglo-Scots nobles later known as the "disinherited" -- Englishmen whose Scottish lands had been forfeited -- he was to do much to overturn the peace between England and Scotland established by the Treaty of Northampton and bring about a Second War of Scottish Independence.

By his marriage, shortly before 14 July 1310, to Alice Comyn, Countess of Buchan (died 3 July 1349), the niece and heir of John Comyn, Earl of Buchan, he was recognised as earl in right of his wife.

Henry married Alice Comyn before 14 Jul 1310. Alice (daughter of Alexander Comyn and Joanna Latimer) died before 10 Aug 1349. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]