Edward III, King of England

Edward married Philippa of Hainault, Queen Consort of England on 24 Jan 1328 in York Cathedral, York, Yorkshire, England. Philippa (daughter of William III of Hainault and Jeanne de Valois) was born about 1314; died on 15 Aug 1359 in Windsor, Berkshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Edward of Woodstock was born on 15 Jun 1330 in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England; died on 8 Jun 1376 in Westminster Palace, Westminster, Middlesex, England.
2. Lionel of Antwerp was born on 29 Nov 1338 in Antwerp, Brabant, Flanders; died on 17 Oct 1368 in Alba, Piedmont, Italy; was buried in Austin Friars, Clare, Suffolk, England.
3. John of Gaunt was born in Mar 1340 in Abbey of St. Bavo, Ghent, Flanders; was christened after 24 Jun 1340 in Ghent, Flanders; died on 3 Feb 1399 in Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England; was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England.
4. Edmund of Langley was born on 5 Jun 1341 in Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England; died on 1 Aug 1402 in Kings Langley, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Church of the Dominicans, Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
5. Thomas of Woodstock was born on 7 Jan 1355 in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England; died on 8 Sep 1397 in Calais, France; was buried in Confessor's Chapel, Westminster Abbey, London, England.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 22 Sep 1327, Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England

Notes:

He is widely held to have died 21 (or 22) Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, but Ian Mortimer has presented arguments to the contrary that seem to us not easily dismissed.

Edward married Isabella of France, Queen Consort of England on 25 Jan 1308 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, France. Isabella (daughter of Philippe IV "the Fair", King of France; King of Navarre and Joan, Queen of Navarre; Queen Consort of France) was born in 1292 in Boulogne, France; died on 22 Aug 1358 in Hertford Castle, Hertford, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Church of the Grey Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 18 Jun 1239, Westminster Palace, Westminster, Middlesex, England
• Alternate death: 8 Jul 1307, Burgh-by-Sands, Carlisle, Cumberland, England

Notes:

Edward Longshanks, Hammer of the Scots, conqueror of Wales. Although he is acclaimed for his many administrative accomplishments and for establishing Parliament as a permanent institution, he also expelled the Jews from England; significant numbers of them returned only 350 years later. He was tall (6' 4"), personally intimidating, and rigid in personal morality, in marked contrast to most earlier post-Conquest English rulers.

Edward married Eleanor of Castile, Queen Consort of England on 18 Oct 1254 in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of St. Fernando III, King Of Castile, León, Galicia, Toledo, Córdoba, Jaén, and Seville and Jeanne de Dammartin) was born in 1240; died on 28 Nov 1290 in Hardby, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1241, Burgos, Castile, Spain
• Alternate birth: Abt 1241

Notes:

Countess of Ponthieu.

Eleanor of Castile, first wife of Edward I, was a daughter of Ferdinand III, King of Castile, Leon, and Galicia, and the French noblewoman Jeanne de Dammartin, suo jure Countess of Ponthieu. Although her marriage (in 1254) to then-prince Edward was a political match designed to affirm English control of Gascony, the couple were unusually close; she even accompanied Edward on the Fourth Crusade, where he was wounded at Acre in Palestine. She was notably well-educated and maintained her own scriptorium, the only one in northern Europe at the time. Her preference for Spanish-style home decorations, kitchen utensils, and personal comforts had a great influence on English domestic life. She brought a considerable personal fortune to her marriage, and increased it all her life through shrewd purchases of lands and manors. Although this had a negative effect on her personal popularity, her husband always encouraged her in it.

Her heart was buried in the Dominican priory of Blackfriars in London, along with that of her son Alphonso. Her entrails were buried in Lincoln Cathedral.

Notes:

King of Navarre as Philip I, 1284-1305. King of France as Philip (Philippe) IV, 1285-1314.

Philippe married Joan, Queen of Navarre; Queen Consort of France on 16 Aug 1284 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Joan (daughter of Enrique I, King of Navarre and Blanche of Artois) was born on 14 Jan 1272 in Bar-sur-Seine, France; died on 2 Apr 1305 in Château de Vincennes, Val-de-Marne, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Church of the Grey Friars, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 14 Jan 1271, Bar-sur-Aube, Aube, Champagne-Ardenne, France
• Alternate death: 2 Apr 1304, Château de Vincennes, Val-de-Marne, Île-de-France, France

Henry married Eleanor of Provence, Queen Consort of England on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England; was buried in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 25 Jun 1291, Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England

Notes:

"She was buried on 11 September 1291 in the Abbey of St Mary and St Melor, Amesbury on 9 December. The exact site of her grave at the abbey is unknown making her the only English queen without a marked grave. Her heart was taken to London where it was buried at the Franciscan priory." [Wikipedia]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1199
• Alternate birth: 1200
• Alternate birth: 30 Jul 1201, Monte de Valparaíso, Spain
• Alternate birth: Between 5 Aug 1201 and 19 Aug 1201, En route between Salamanca and Zamora
• Alternate birth: 5 Aug 1201, Monte de Valparaíso, Spain
• Alternate death: 15 Mar 1252
• Alternate death: 30 May 1253

Notes:

"[H]e was born near but not at at the monastery [of Valparaíso], which was moved to his birthplace afterwards. Ferdinand was called 'montesino' because he was born on the mountain, by the road between Salamanca and Zamora." [Peter Stewart, citation details below]

Canonized in 1671 by Clement X. His feast day is 30 May.

Fernando married Jeanne de Dammartin before 31 Oct 1237 in Burgos, Castile, Spain. Jeanne (daughter of Simon II de Dammartin and Marie of Ponthieu) was born about 1220; died on 15 Mar 1279 in Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France; was buried in Abbey de Valloires, Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 16 Mar 1279, Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France

Notes:

Countess Of Ponthieu, Montreuil, and Aumale.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 30 Apr 1245

Notes:

Nicknamed "The Bold".

Philippe married Isabella of Aragon, Queen Consort of France on 28 May 1262 in Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. Isabella (daughter of James I, King of Aragón and Violant of Hungary) was born between 1243 and 1247; died on 28 Jan 1271 in Cosenza, Calabria, Italy; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1247

Notes:

Died as a result of falling from a horse.

Notes:

King of Navarre, 1270-74. As Henri III, he was Count of Champagne and Brie, 1270-74.

Enrique married Blanche of Artois in 1269. Blanche (daughter of Robert of France and Mahaut of Brabant) was born about 1248; died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, France; was buried in Church of the Cordeliers, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Her heart was buried in the choir of the conventual church of the Minoresses at Nogent-l'Artaud." [Royal Ancestry]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1167

Notes:

Nicknamed "Lackland".

"With regard to the birthdate of John, there have been disagreements as to the exact date and year, because of discrepancies in the sources. This was recently discussed in detail in Lewis (2002), where the conclusion was reached that 1166 was more likely than 1167. A statement in the early thirteenth century that John received that name because he was born about the time of the feast of St. John (27 December) would, if true, indicate that date as a plausible date of birth [Ex chronico anonymi canonici, ut videtur, Laudensis, RHF 13, 678-9]. However, that source only indicates a birth on about that date ('circa festum S. Johannis natus fuit'), not on it." [Stewart Baldwin, The Henry Project]

For at least part of his upbringing, he was raised in the remarkable household of his father Henry II's justiciar Ranulph de Glanville, along with, among others, the Walter brothers, nephews of Glanville's wife Bertha de Valognes. Theobald Walter would become, under John, chief butler of England and Ireland and the founder of enduring lordships in Munster and Leinster. Hubert Walter would become archbishop of Canterbury, Ranulph de Glanville's successor as justiciar of England, and then, in John's kingship, chancellor of England. Also raised and educated in the same household was Geoffrey fitz Peter, who would become John's justiciar.

John married Isabel of Angoulême, Queen Consort of England on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Isabel (daughter of Adémar and Alix de Courtenay) died on 31 May 1246; was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Jun 1246
• Alternate death: 4 Jun 1246, Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France

Notes:

Countess of Angoulême. Crowned Queen of England on 8 Oct 1200.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1198

Notes:

Count of Provence & Forcalquier, 1209-45.

Raymond married Beatrice of Savoy on 5 Dec 1220. Beatrice (daughter of Tomaso I and Margaret of Geneva) died in Dec 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1166

Notes:

Called "el Baboso," "the Slobberer," supposedly because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth. Despite this, he is also notable for having founded the University of Salamanca and for convening what was arguably the first parliament in Western Europe that included representatives of the urban bourgeoisie. Our theory is that he was a marooned time-traveler from the future: if you found yourself stuck in twelfth-century Spain, you'd foam at the mouth once in a while too.

From Wikipedia:

In spite of the democratic precedent represented by the Cortes and the founding of the University of Salamanca, Alfonso is often chiefly remembered for the difficulties his successive marriages caused between him with Pope Celestine III. He was first married in 1191 to his first cousin, Theresa of Portugal, who bore him two daughters, and a son who died young. The marriage was declared null by the papal legate Cardinal Gregory for consanguinity.

After Alfonso VIII of Castile was defeated at the Battle of Alarcos, Alfonso IX invaded Castile with the aid of Muslim troops. He was summarily excommunicated by Pope Celestine III. In 1197, Alfonso IX married his first cousin once removed, Berengaria of Castile, to cement peace between León and Castile. For this second act of consanguinity, the king and the kingdom were placed under interdict by representatives of the Pope. In 1198, Pope Innocent III declared Alfonso and Berengaria's marriage invalid, but they stayed together until 1204. The annulment of this marriage by the pope drove the younger Alfonso to again attack his cousin in 1204, but treaties made in 1205, 1207, and 1209 each forced him to concede further territories and rights. The treaty in 1207 is the first existing public document in the Castilian dialect.

The Pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that, if the people could not obtain the services of religion, they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy. Berengaria left him after the birth of five children, and the king then returned to Theresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom in his will.

Alfonso married Berenguela I of Castile, Queen Of Castile & Toledo before 17 Dec 1197 in Valladolid, Castile, Spain. Berenguela (daughter of Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, Toledo, and Extramadura and Eleanor of England) was born about 1180; died on 8 Nov 1246 in Las Huelgas, near Burgos, Castile, Spain; was buried in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1179-1180
• Alternate birth: Between Jan 1180 and Jun 1180
• Alternate birth: Bef Aug 1180, Burgos, Castile, Spain
• Alternate death: 8 Nov 1244

Notes:

Also called Berengaria.

"The couple separated due to consanguinity in 1204, after which she returned to her father's dominions, where she became regent for her younger brother, Enrique I, King of Castile. She abdicated the throne of Castile 31 Aug 1217, in favor of her son, Fernando." [Royal Ancestry]

"Starting in 1198, Pope Innocent III objected to the marriage on the grounds of consanguinity, though the couple stayed together until 1204. They vehemently sought a dispensation in order to stay together, including offering large sums of money. However, the pope denied their request, although they succeeded in having their children considered legitimate. Her marriage dissolved, Berengaria returned to Castile and to her parents in May 1204, where she dedicated herself to the care of her children." [Wikipedia]

Notes:

Annulled by Pope Innocent III on grounds of consanguinity.

Notes:

Count of Aumale.

Simon married Marie of Ponthieu in Sep 1208. Marie (daughter of William II Talvas and Alix of France) was born before 17 Apr 1199; died in Sep 1250 in Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1195 and 17 Apr 1199
• Alternate birth: 17 Sep 1199

Notes:

Countess of Ponthieu and Montreuil. Also called Jeanne.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 25 Apr 1215, Poissy, Yvelines, Île-de-France, France

Notes:

Canonized 11 Aug 1297 by Boniface VIII; his feast day is 25 Aug. He led the Seventh Crusade, and died of dysentery while leading the Eighth Crusade.

From Matthew Gabriele and David Perry, "In St. Louis, History and Nostalgia Battle It Out", Smithsonian Magazine website, 9 Jul 2020:

Louis IX reigned over France in the middle of the 13th century. Like most medieval sovereigns, he implemented legal reforms and provided charity to the Christian poor. More significantly, Louis personally led two Crusades to North Africa against Muslims—the first to Egypt in 1248, and the second to Tunisia in 1270. These campaigns were simply a brief chapter in a much larger drama that saw Christians wage holy war throughout the Mediterranean world against Muslims, Jews, and sometimes their fellow Christians. The impact of the Crusades cannot be overstated, as this movement shaped the cultural, social, and economic direction of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East for centuries. Indeed, it continues to haunt the modern imagination.

Both of Louis IX’s Crusades failed spectacularly, with the king captured by the Egyptians and ransomed for an enormous sum in 1250 and dying of dysentery almost immediately upon arriving in Tunisia in 1270. Louis was canonized—largely for these efforts—in 1297, and he’s served as a symbol of France’s glorious past ever since. So, when French trappers established a fur-trading post on Cahokia lands in 1764, they named the site in honor of two kings: Louis IX and then-sovereign Louis XV. The settlement retained the name through French, Spanish and finally American occupation. […]

Louis IX’s acts as king certainly included care for the Christian poor—but they also encompassed moments of vicious anti-Judaism, including the burning of Talmuds in Paris in the 1240s; the arrest of all Jews in France and confiscation of their property in 1268; and the segregation of Christians and Jews, who were forced to wear a yellow star on their clothes as of 1269.

Louis married Margaret of Provence, Queen Consort of France on 27 May 1234 in Sens, Yonne, France. Margaret (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) was born in 1221 in Forcalquier, Alpes-de-Haut-Provence, France; died on 20 Dec 1295 in Faubourg St.-Marceau, Paris, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Conquered the Balearic Islands, 1229-1235, and the kingdom of Valencia, 1233-1238, adding their territory to that of Aragon." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, citation details below.]

James I, King of Aragón (d. 1276) =
Teresa Gil de Vidaure

Jaime Fernández de Aragón (b. 1238) =
Elfa de Azagra (b. ~1250)

Jaime II =
Beatríz de Lauria

Beatriz de Xérica =
Pedro Ponce de León II (d. 1352)

Pedro Ponce de León IV (d. ~1374) =
Sancha de Haro

Pedro Ponce de León V (d. 1448) =
María de Ayala

Juan Ponce de León (d. 1469) =
Catalina González de Oviedo

Eutropio Ponce de León =
[prob.] Catalina de Vera Zurita

Violante Ponce de León =
Roy Diaz de Guzmán y Riquelme

Alonso Riquelme de Guzmán of Asunción, Paraguay =
Ursula de Irala

Catalina de Guzmán of Buenos Aires, Argentina =
Jerónimo López de Alanis

Rodrigo [Ponce de León] López de Alanis =
Isabel Naharro de Humanes

Mariá Ponce de León y Navarro =
Augustin de Labayen

Juana de Labayen =
Gaspar de Avellaneda

Maria Rosa de Avallaneda =
Juan de San Martín

Francisca Javiera se San Martin =
Marcos José de Riglos

María Jacinta de Riglos y San Martin =
Mariano José de Zavaleta Aramburu (1762-1837)

María Isabel Zavaleta Riglos (1779-1883) =
Patricio Julián José Lynch Roo (1779-1881)

Francisco de Paula Eustaquio Lynch Zavaleta, sometime of San Francisco, California (1817-1886) =
Mrs. Eloïsa Ortíz Alfaro Eldridge (1834-1913)

Ana Isabel Lynch Ortíz (San Francisco, 1861-<1949) =
Robert Guevera Castro (b. California, 1855)

Ernesto Rafael Guevara Lynch (b. 1900) =
Celia de la Serna Llosa

Ernesto "Che" Guevara de la Serna (Argentina, 1928-Bolivia, 1967)

James married Violant of Hungary on 8 Sep 1236 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Violant (daughter of András II, King of Hungary and Yolanda of Courtenay, Queen Consort of Hungary) died on 12 Oct 1251; was buried in Cistercian Monastery of Vallbona, Catalonia, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Jolanta, Yolande.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 10 Jul 1253, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain

Notes:

Also called Theobald, Teobaldo, etc. Called "the Troubadour", "the Chansonnier", and "the Posthumous", the latter because his father died before he was born. He was count of Champagne (as Thibaut IV) from birth, and king of Navarre from 1234.

He was an initiator of the Baron's Crusade, from which he is said to have brought back to France the rose called rosa gallica "officinalis", and the Chardonnay grape.

Thibaut IV-I, King of Navarre (~1201-1253) =
unknown mistress

Marguerite of Navarre =
Álvaro Pérez de Azagra

Elfa de Azagra (b. ~1250) =
Jaime Fernández de Aragón (b. 1238)

Jaime II =
Beatríz de Lauria

Beatriz de Xérica =
Pedro Ponce de León II (d. 1352)

Pedro Ponce de León IV (d. ~1374) =
Sancha de Haro

Pedro Ponce de León V (d. 1448) =
María de Ayala

Juan Ponce de León (d. 1469) =
Catalina González de Oviedo

Eutropio Ponce de León =
[prob.] Catalina de Vera Zurita

Violante Ponce de León =
Roy Diaz de Guzmán y Riquelme

Alonso Riquelme de Guzmán of Asunción, Paraguay =
Ursula de Irala

Catalina de Guzmán of Buenos Aires, Argentina =
Jerónimo López de Alanis

Rodrigo [Ponce de León] López de Alanis =
Isabel Naharro de Humanes

Mariá Ponce de León y Navarro =
Augustin de Labayen

Juana de Labayen =
Gaspar de Avellaneda

Maria Rosa de Avallaneda =
Juan de San Martín

Francisca Javiera se San Martin =
Marcos José de Riglos

María Jacinta de Riglos y San Martin =
Mariano José de Zavaleta Aramburu (1762-1837)

María Isabel Zavaleta Riglos (1779-1883) =
Patricio Julián José Lynch Roo (1779-1881)

Francisco de Paula Eustaquio Lynch Zavaleta, sometime of San Francisco, California (1817-1886) =
Mrs. Eloïsa Ortíz Alfaro Eldridge (1834-1913)

Ana Isabel Lynch Ortíz (San Francisco, 1861-<1949) =
Robert Guevera Castro (b. California, 1855)

Ernesto Rafael Guevara Lynch (b. 1900) =
Celia de la Serna Llosa

Ernesto "Che" Guevara de la Serna (Argentina, 1928-Bolivia, 1967)

Thibaut married Marguerite de Bourbon on 12 Sep 1232. Marguerite (daughter of Archambaud VIII de Dampierre and Guigone de Forez) was born about 1211; died on 12 Apr 1256. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 7 Feb 1250, Mansourah, Egypt

Notes:

Called "the Good." First Count of Artois.

"Robert died while leading a reckless attack on Al Mansurah, without the knowledge of his brother King Louis IX. He and the Templars accompanying the expedition charged into the town and became trapped in the narrow streets. According to Jean de Joinville, he defended himself for some time in a house there, but was at last overpowered and killed. In Egypt it is believed that Sultan Qutuz killed him, although it is more likely that an anonymous soldier did so." [Wikipedia]

Robert married Mahaut of Brabant on 14 Jun 1237. Mahaut (daughter of Henri II of Brabant and Maria von Hohenstaufen) was born about 1224; died on 29 Sep 1288; was buried in Cercamp Abbey, Artois, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 29 Oct 1288

Notes:

Also called Mathilde of Brabant.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 4 Mar 1133, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France

Notes:

Also called Henry Fitz Empress; Henry Fitz Geoffrey.

Henry married Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France; Queen Consort of England on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Eleanor (daughter of William X of Aquitaine and Aénor de Châtellerault) was born in 1122; died on 1 Apr 1204; was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1124
• Alternate death: 31 Mar 1204, Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France

Notes:

Also called Alienor, Helienordis. Duchess of Aquitaine.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 16 Jun 1202, Limoges, Haut-Vienne, France
• Alternate death: 1218, Limoges, Haut-Vienne, France

Notes:

Count of Angoulême.

Also called Aymer; Adhemar; Adomar. Also called "Taillefer."

Adémar married Alix de Courtenay before 1191. Alix (daughter of Pierre of France and Elisabeth de Courtenay) was born about 1160; died about 1218. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Aalis, Aalez, Alaidis, Adelaidis.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 11 Sep 1209 and 30 Nov 1209, Palermo, Sicily

Notes:

Count of Provence.

Alfonso married Garsenda of Sabran in 1193. Garsenda (daughter of Rainou de Sabran dit du Cayler and Garsenda of Forcalquier) was born about 1180. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Garsenda of Forcalquier, Gersenda of Sabran, Garsenda de Proensa, Garsenda de Proença.

From Wikipedia (accessed 25 July 2021): She "was the Countess of Provence as the wife of Alfonso II from 1193 and the Countess of Forcalquier in her own right from 1209. She brought Forcalquier to the House of Barcelona and united it to Provence. She was also a patron of Occitan literature, especially the troubadours, and herself wrote some lyric poetry and is counted among the trobairitz as Garsenda de Proensa. She was, in the words of her most recent editors, 'one of the most powerful women in Occitan history'."

She retired to the monastery of La Celle in the mid-1220s, but in 1242 she visited her newborn great-granddaughter Beatrice of England and Beatrice's parents, granddaughter Eleanor of Provence and her husband King Henry III of England, in Bordeaux. Henry was pursuing a war in France at that time and Garsenda brought 60 knights to his service. Her date of death is unknown, but she may have lived as late as 1257.

Matt Baker of usefulcharts.com has pointed out that if this Garsenda were to be regarded as the founder of a matrilineal dynasty, and if that dynasty operated by rules paralleling that of patrilineal dynasties (i.e., male descendants are only considered members of the House if their mother was a member; having a grandmother as a member doesn't convey membership in the House), then the putative "House of Garsenda" would be the greatest royal dynasty in the history of Europe, containing within itself:

6 Queens Regnant
38 Queens Consort
27 Kings
7 Holy Roman Emperors
5 Holy Roman Empresses
3 Empresses Consort
1 Prince Consort (Prince Philip of Great Britain)
1 Kaiser (Wilhelm II)
1 Empress Regnant (Catherine the Great)
1 queen mother (Helene of Romania)

Video: Europe's Hidden Matrilineal Dynasty: House of Garsenda. Chart here.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1178, Aiguebelle, Savoy
• Alternate birth: 20 May 1178
• Alternate death: 1 Mar 1233, Moncalieri, Piedmont, Italy

Notes:

Count of Savoy. He was named after Thomas Becket.

Tomaso married Margaret of Geneva in May 1195. Margaret (daughter of William I of Geneva and Beatrice de Faucigny) died on 13 Apr 1236. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1256
• Alternate death: 8 Sep 1257

Notes:

Also called Beatrice of Geneva.

Fernando married Urraca of Portugal in 1165. Urraca (daughter of Affonso I Henriques, King of Portugal and Mafalda of Savoy) was born about 1150; died on 16 Oct 1188 in Bamba, near Valladolid, Castile, Spain; was buried in Monastery of San Juan Bautista of the Knights of St. John, Bamba, near Valladolid, Castile, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1151

Notes:

"Su última aparición en la documentación medieval fue en 1211 cuando donó a la Catedral de Zamora la villa de Castrotorafe que había recibido como parte de las arras entregadas por rey Fernando en 1165." [Spanish-language Wikipedia]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 5 Oct 1214, Gutiérre Muños, Arévalo, Spain
• Alternate death: 6 Oct 1214, Gutiérre Muños, Arévalo, Spain

Notes:

Also Lord of Gascony. "Defeated by the Moorish Almohad invaders in 1195, but defeated a combined army of the kings of Leon and Navarre the same year. Won a great victory over the Moors at Navas de Tolosa, 1212." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, which gives the date of his marriage to Eleanor as September 1177, unlike other sources which date it to September 1170.]

Alfonso married Eleanor of England in Sep 1170 in Burgos, Castile, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of Henry II, King of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France; Queen Consort of England) was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandy, France; died on 21 Sep 1214; was buried in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1161 and 1162
• Alternate birth: 1161
• Alternate death: 25 Oct 1214, Burgos, Castile, Spain

Notes:

Also called Leonor.

"Of all Eleanor of Aquitaine's daughters, her namesake was the only one who was enabled, by political circumstances, to wield the kind of influence her mother had exercised. In her own marriage treaty, and in the first marriage treaty for her daughter Berengaria, Eleanor was given direct control of many lands, towns, and castles throughout the kingdom. She was almost as powerful as Alfonso, who specified in his will in 1204 that she was to rule alongside their son in the event of his death, including taking responsibility for paying his debts and executing his will. It was she who persuaded him to marry their daughter Berengaria to Alfonso IX of León. Troubadours and sages were regularly present in Alfonso VIII's court due to Eleanor's patronage." [Wikipedia]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 20 Sep 1200

Notes:

Count of Dammartin-en-Goële. Chamberlain of France 1155-1160.

Also called Alberic II; Albri de Luzarches.

Aubrey married Mahaut of Clermont. Mahaut (daughter of Renaud II de Clermont and Clemence de Bar-le-Duc) died in Oct 1200. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft Sep 1200
• Alternate death: Aft 1218

Notes:

Also Mathilda; Mathilde; Marie; Maud; Mabile.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1179
• Alternate birth: Aft 1178
• Alternate death: 6 Oct 1221

Notes:

Count of Ponthieu & Montreuil.

William married Alix of France on 20 Aug 1195 in Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, France. Alix (daughter of Louis VII, King of France and Constance of Castile, Queen Consort of France) was born on 4 Oct 1160; died on 18 Jul 1218. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1170
• Alternate death: Aft 18 Jul 1218

Notes:

Also Aalez; Aaliz; Aelois; Aalis; Aalaidis; Alais. Countess of Vexin.

Ancestral Roots has her as a daughter of Louis VII by his third wife Adèle of Blois (whom they call "Alix of Champagne"); Richardson's Royal Ancestry, with evidently better documentation, has her as a daughter of Louis by his second wife, Constance of Castile. But Szabolcs de Vajay's comprehensive 1989 survey of the Iberian Burgundians, "From Alfonso VII to Alfonso X: The First Two Centuries of the Burgundian Dynasty in Castile and Leon -- A Prosopographical Catalogue in Social Genealogy, 1100-1300" (in Studies in Genealogy and Family History in Tribute to Charles Evans on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday ed. Lindsay L. Brook. Salt Lake City: Association for the Promotion of Scholarship in Genealogy, 1989) says that Constance of Castile's daughter Adelaide by Louis VII died in infancy. We're going with Richardson on the (weak) basis of his research being more recent.

Update: Peter Stewart, on SGM in October 2016, argued here, here, and here that "Alberic of Troisfontaines specified that Alix, the wife of Guillaume of Ponthieu, was the daughter of Louis VII by his Spanish second wife ('rex iste Ludovicus de prima uxore sua Alienor, quam dimisit, duas habuit filias ... De secunda quoque uxore, que fuit Hyspana, duas similiter habuit filias, primo reginam Margaretam Anglie et comitissam Aaliz, quam duxit Guilelmus comes de Pontivo')," and that there is no good reason to doubt this, particularly since if Alix had been a daughter of Louis VII's third wife, "Alix would have been (on her supposed mother's side) a third cousin of Richard, by common descent from William the Conqueror."

Stewart also argues that Alix cannot have married William II Talvas before August 1195 (rather than 1185 as stated in AR8) "because she was detained in England by Henry II for some years after the rupture in 1191 of her long betrothal to his son Richard. (She had been sent to England as Richard's promised bride in 1174.)"

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 5 Sep 1187, Paris, France
• Alternate death: 9 Nov 1226, Castle of Montpensier, Puy-de-Dôme, France

Notes:

Nicknamed "le Lion". Pretender to the throne of England, 1216-17.

Louis married Blanche of Castile, Queen Consort of France on 23 May 1200 in Church of Port-Mort, Eure, Normandy, France. Blanche (daughter of Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, Toledo, and Extramadura and Eleanor of England) was born before 4 Mar 1188 in Palencia, Castile, Spain; died on 26 Nov 1252 in Paris, France; was buried in Maubuisson Abbey near Pontoise, near Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 4 Mar 1188, Palencia, Castile, Spain
• Alternate death: 27 Nov 1252, Paris, France

Notes:

Also called Blanca.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1198

Notes:

Count of Provence & Forcalquier, 1209-45.

Raymond married Beatrice of Savoy on 5 Dec 1220. Beatrice (daughter of Tomaso I and Margaret of Geneva) died in Dec 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Jul 1178, Huesca, Aragón, Spain

Notes:

"Crowned by Pope Innocent III in Rome and declared his kingdom a feudatory of the Holy See, 1204. With other Spanish kings he took a prominent part in the victory over the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa, 16 July 1212, but lost his life supporting his brother-in-law, Raymond VI of Toulouse against the crusader Simon de Montfort, in Languedoc, at the battle of Muret." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz]

Pedro married Marie of Montpellier on 15 Jun 1204. Marie (daughter of Guillem VIII de Montpellier and Eudokia) died on 21 Apr 1213 in Rome, Italy; was buried in St. Peter's, Rome, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 26 Oct 1235

Notes:

"On advice of Pope set out with an army of 15,000 men on crusade to the Holy Land, 1217, but the expedition failed. Upon his return he found Hungary in near anarchy. Hungarian nobles extorted from him the Golden Bull (Hungarian Magna Charta), 1222." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz]

András married Yolanda of Courtenay, Queen Consort of Hungary. Yolanda (daughter of Peter II of Courtenay, Emperor of Constantinople and Yolanda of Flanders) was born about 1200; died in 1233. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Champagne.

Thibaut married Blanca de Navarre. Blanca (daughter of Sancho VI, King of Navarre and Sancha of Castile, Queen Consort of Navarre) was born after 1177; died in 1229. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Seigneur de Bourbon. Died in battle.

Archambaud married Guigone de Forez in 1205. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Lorraine and Brabant. Called "Magnanimus."

Henri married Maria von Hohenstaufen on 22 Aug 1215. Maria (daughter of Philip II, King of Germany and Irene Angelina) was born about 1201; died in 1235. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1240

Notes:

Also called Mary of Swabia.