Jaroslav Vladimirkovitch

Notes:

Prince of Halicz.

Family/Spouse: Olga Georgievna of Suzdal. Olga (daughter of Youry Dolgoruki, Grand Prince of Kiev and (Unknown) of Polowcen) died about 1185. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Wjatscheslawa married Odon after 1184. Odon (son of Mieszko III, High Duke of Poland and Elisabeth of Hungary) was born between 1141 and 1149; died on 20 Apr 1194. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Igor Svjatoslavitsch. Igor (son of Svjatoslav II Nikolaj and Marija of Novgorod) was born on 10 Apr 1151; died in 1202. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Euphrosyne married Swietopelk II of Eastern Pomerania about 1217. Swietopelk (son of Msciwoj I of Eastern Pomerania and Swinislawa) was born between 1190 and 1200; died on 10 Jan 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Poland.

Wladislaw married Jadwiga between 1218 and 1220. Jadwiga died on 29 Dec 1249. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Prince of Vladimir-Volhynsk, Prince of Przemysl.

Svjatoslav married Jaroslawa Rjurikovna of Kiev in Oct 1188. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Mentioned 24 Apr 1270.

Family/Spouse: Jaromar II of Rügen. Jaromar (son of Wizlaw I of Rügen and Margrethe) was born about 1218; died in 1260. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Euphemia married Wladislaw of Oppeln in 1251. Wladislaw (son of Kasimir I of Oppeln and Viola) was born about 1225; died about 27 Aug 1281. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Poland.

Przmyslaw married Elisabeth von Schlesien in 1244. Elisabeth (daughter of Henryk II of Silesia and Anna of Bohemia) was born between 1224 and 1232; died on 16 Jan 1265 in Modrze, Poznan, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"The Pious." Duke of Kalisz and Poland.

Boleslaw married Helene of Hungary in 1257. Helene (daughter of Béla IV, King of Hungary and Maria Laskarina) was born about 1244 in Esztergom, Hungary; died on 6 Mar 1298 in Gniezno, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Salomea married Konrad I in 1249. Konrad (son of Henryk II of Silesia and Anna of Bohemia) was born between 1228 and 1231; died between 18 Apr 1273 and 9 Oct 1274. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Agafia of Rus.

Agafia married Konrad I of Masovia in 1207. Konrad (son of Casimir II and Helene von Znaim) was born between 1187 and 1188; died on 31 Aug 1247. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Prince of Rügen. Duke of Pomerania.

Wizlaw married Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg between 1263 and 1265. Agnes (daughter of Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Matilde von Brandenburg) died on 18 Mar 1302. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Schlesien in Cieszyn and Auschwitz.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown wife of Mieszko I of Silesia). (Unknown died before 1303. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Konstancja married Konrad I in 1260. Konrad (son of Johann I of Brandenburg and Sophie of Denmark) was born between 1236 and 1245; died between 15 Mar 1304 and 21 May 1304. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elisabeth married Heinrich V of Silesia between 1277 and 1279. Heinrich (son of Boleslaw II of Silesia and Hedwig von Anhalt) was born between 1245 and 1250; died on 22 Feb 1296. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Glogow.

Henryk married Matilde before Apr 1290. Matilde (daughter of Albrecht I and Alessina de Monferrato) was born in 1276; died before 31 Aug 1318. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Euphemia married Albert IV-I of Görz before 13 May 1266. Albert (son of Meinhard III-I von Tirol and Adelheid) was born about 1240; died in 1304. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Prince of Kujawien, Leczyca, and Sieradz.

Casimir married Euphrosyne of Oppeln in 1257. Euphrosyne (daughter of Kasimir I of Oppeln and Viola) was born between 1228 and 1230; died on 4 Nov 1292. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Masovia.

Siemowit married Pereslajawa Danilovna of Halicz about 1248. Pereslajawa (daughter of Daniil Romanovich, King of Ruthenia and Anna Mstislawna of Novgorod) died on 12 Apr 1283. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Princess of Rügen.

Helene married Bernhard II of Anhalt before 27 Dec 1302. Bernhard (son of Bernhard I of Anhalt and Sophie Abelsdatter of Denmark & S¢nderjylland) died after 26 Dec 1323. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Silesia in Teschen.

Casimir married Euphemia of Masovia between 1321 and 1324. Euphemia (daughter of Trojden I of Masovia and Marija Jurjewma of Halicz) was born about 1310; died after 1373; was buried in Cieszyn, Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Albrecht I of Anhalt in 1300. Albrecht (son of Siegfried I of Anhalt and Katarina of Sweden) died between 17 Aug 1316 and 2 Mar 1317. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Euphemia married Otto II of Carinthia in 1297. Otto (son of Meinhard V-IV-II von Tirol and Elisabeth of Bavaria) was born about 1265; died on 25 May 1310. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 21 Apr 1352

Notes:

"The Generous." Duke of Silesia in Breslau, Liegnitz, and Brieg.

Boleslaw married Margareta of Bohemia between 1308 and 1310. Margareta (daughter of Wenceslas II, King of Bohemia and Guta von Habsburg) was born between Apr 1296 and May 1296; died on 7 Apr 1322; was buried in Zbraslav, Bohemia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1291 and 1293

Notes:

Duke of Silesia in Sagan.

Heinrich married Mechtilde of Brandenburg between 5 Jan 1310 and 29 Feb 1312. Mechtilde (daughter of Hermann of Brandenburg and Anna of Austria) was born between 1298 and 1300; died between Jul 1325 and 31 Mar 1329. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Albrecht II. Count of Görz.

Johann married Utehild von Mätsch before 6 Jan 1321. Utehild (daughter of Ulrich II von Mätsch and Margaret von Vaz) died after 12 Mar 1350. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Jevfemia; Jewfemiya; Euphemia of Kuyavia.

Family/Spouse: Jurij I Lvovitsch, King of Halicz. Jurij (son of Leo Danilowitsch, King of Halicz and Constance of Hungary) was born on 24 Apr 1252; died in 1308. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Masovia. Duke of Plock.

Boleslaw married Gaudimanté of Lithuania in 1279. Gaudimanté (daughter of Traidenis of Lithuania) died between 1288 and 1313. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Boleslaw married Kunigunde of Bohemia in 1291. Kunigunde (daughter of Przemysl Ottokar II, King of Bohemia and Kunhata of Slavonia and Machva) was born in Jan 1265; died on 27 Nov 1321. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Prince of Anhalt in Bernburg.

Bernhard married Mathilde of Anhalt about 1339. Mathilde (daughter of Albrecht I of Anhalt and Agnes of Brandenburg) died about 1342. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Silesia-Teschen.

Anna married Wenzel I of Silesia between 1338 and 1340. Wenzel (son of Boleslaw III of Silesia and Margareta of Bohemia) was born between 1310 and 1318; died on 2 Jun 1364; was buried in Collegiate Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Countess of Anhalt in Zerbst.

Mathilde married Bernhard III of Anhalt about 1339. Bernhard (son of Bernhard II of Anhalt and Helene of Rügen) died on 20 Aug 1348. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Queen-consort and later regent of Sicily.

Elisabeth married Pietro II of Aragón, King of Sicily on 23 Apr 1322. Pietro (son of Federico II of Aragón, King of Sicily and Eleanora d'Anjou) was born in 1304; died on 15 Aug 1342 in Calascibetta, Sicily. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Silesia in Liegnitz.

Wenzel married Anna of Silesia between 1338 and 1340. Anna (daughter of Casimir I of Silesia and Euphemia of Masovia) was born about 1325; died in 1367; was buried in Collegiate Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"The Fair." Duke of Schlesien-Liegnitz in Brieg.

Ludwig married Agnes von Schlesien before 1345. Agnes (daughter of Heinrich II of Silesia and Mechtilde of Brandenburg) was born between 1312 and 1321; died on 7 Jul 1362. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 8 Apr 1369

Notes:

Also called Henryk III-V Zelazny; Henry V of Iron. Duke of Silesia in Glogau and Sagan. Sent by Emperor Karl IV as imperial ambassador to Constantinople.

Heinrich married Anna of Masovia before 6 Sep 1337. Anna (daughter of Waclaw of Masovia and Dannila of Lithuania) was born before 1324; died on 16 Feb 1363. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Ludwig I von Schliesen-Liegnitz before 1345. Ludwig (son of Boleslaw III of Silesia and Margareta of Bohemia) was born about 1311; died between 6 Dec 1398 and 23 Dec 1398. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Görz. Count Palatine of Carinthia.

Meinhard married Katharina von Pfannberg on 18 Nov 1347. Katharina (daughter of Ulrich V von Pfannberg and Margareta) died between 1374 and 1375. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Maria of Galicia.

Marija married Trojden I of Masovia before 1310. Trojden (son of Boleslaw II of Masovia and Gaudimanté of Lithuania) was born between 1284 and 1286; died on 13 Mar 1341. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Masovia.

Trojden married Marija Jurjewma of Halicz before 1310. Marija (daughter of Jurij I Lvovitsch, King of Halicz and Euphemia of Kujawien) was born before 1293; died on 11 Jan 1341. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 25 May 1336

Notes:

Also called Wanko, Wenceslaus, Wencelaus of Plock. Prince of Plock.

Waclaw married Dannila of Lithuania before 6 Dec 1320. Dannila (daughter of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Jewna Iwanowna of Polock) died in 1364. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katharina married Magnus II of Brunswick before 6 Oct 1356. Magnus (son of Magnus I of Brunswick and Sophia of Brandenburg) was born about 1328; died on 25 Jul 1373 in Leveste, Lower Saxony, Germany; was buried in Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Silesia in Lignitz.

Ruprecht married Jadwiga of Silesia before 10 Feb 1372. Jadwiga (daughter of Heinrich III of Silesia and Anna of Masovia) was born before 1350; died on 27 Mar 1390; was buried in Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Beatrix married Ruprecht II in 1345. Ruprecht (son of Adolf and Irmgard von Oettingen) was born on 12 May 1325; died on 6 Jan 1398. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Silesia in Brieg.

Margareta married Albrecht I on 28 Jul 1353 in Prague, Bohemia. Albrecht (son of Ludwig IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Margareta of Hainault) was born on 25 Jul 1336 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; died on 12 Dec 1404 in The Hague, Netherlands; was buried in The Hague, Netherlands. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Hedwig. Duchess of Silesia in Sagan.

Jadwiga married Ruprecht of Silesia before 10 Feb 1372. Ruprecht (son of Wenzel I of Silesia and Anna of Silesia) was born between 1340 and 1347; died before 12 Jan 1409; was buried in Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Countess of Görz.

Katherina married Johann II of Bavaria between Oct 1372 and Nov 1372. Johann (son of Stephan II of Bavaria and Elisabeth of Aragon) was born about 1341; died on 8 Aug 1397 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Masovia.

Euphemia married Casimir I of Silesia between 1321 and 1324. Casimir (son of Mieszko I of Silesia and (Unknown wife of Mieszko I of Silesia)) was born between 1276 and 1280; died after 21 Sep 1358; was buried in Cieszyn, Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Anna Plocka. Princess of Plock.

Anna married Heinrich III of Silesia before 6 Sep 1337. Heinrich (son of Heinrich II of Silesia and Mechtilde of Brandenburg) was born between 1312 and 1321; died on 13 Apr 1369; was buried in Augustinian Cloister, Zagan, Zagan, Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneberg

Agnes married Albrecht I of Brunswick before 17 Aug 1372. Albrecht (son of Ernst of Brunswick and Adelheid of Everstein) was born about 1339; died between 11 Aug 1383 and 22 Sep 1383 in Salzderhelden, Lower Saxony, Germany; was buried in Einbeck, Lower Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

Elisabeth married Gerhard V of Holstein in 1395. Gerhard (son of Heinrich II of Holstein and Ingeburg of Mecklenburg) was born about 1367; died on 5 Aug 1404 in Suderhamme, Dithmarschen; was buried in Itzehoe, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Silesia-Liegnitz.

Barbara married Rudolf III of Saxony on 6 Mar 1396. Rudolf (son of Wenzel of Saxony and Cäcilie da Carrara) was born about 1373; died on 9 Jun 1419; was buried in Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Countess Palatine of the Rhein.

Anna married Wilhelm II-VII of Jülich in 1363. Wilhelm (son of Gerhard VI of Jülich and Margareta von Ravensberg) was born about 1348; died on 25 Jun 1408. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Bavaria. "[H]eiress in her issue of Holland, with her husband participated in the defense of Burgundy and after his death occupied in constant war against Charles VII." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Margareta married Jean of Burgundy on 12 Apr 1385 in Cambrai, Hauts-de-France, France. Jean (son of Philippe II and Marguerite of Flanders) was born on 28 May 1371 in Dijon, Côte-d'Or, Burgundy, France; died on 10 Sep 1419; was buried in Dijon, Côte-d'Or, Burgundy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Bavaria in Munich. To avoid a disputed succession, he arranged for the commoner wife of his son to be accused of sorcery, then bound and thrown from a bridge into the Danube.

Ernst married Elisabetta Visconti on 24 Feb 1396 in Pavia, Lombardy, Italy. Elisabetta (daughter of Bernabó Visconti and Beatrice della Scala) died on 2 Feb 1432 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Silesia-Teschen.

Anna married Wenzel I of Silesia between 1338 and 1340. Wenzel (son of Boleslaw III of Silesia and Margareta of Bohemia) was born between 1310 and 1318; died on 2 Jun 1364; was buried in Collegiate Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Hedwig. Duchess of Silesia in Sagan.

Jadwiga married Ruprecht of Silesia before 10 Feb 1372. Ruprecht (son of Wenzel I of Silesia and Anna of Silesia) was born between 1340 and 1347; died before 12 Jan 1409; was buried in Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Brunswick in Salzderhelden.

Erich married Elizabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen between 1 Jul 1405 and 14 Jul 1405. Elizabeth (daughter of Otto of Brunswick and Margareta of Jülich) died after 29 Sep 1444. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Countess of Holstein.

Heilwig married Dietrich of Oldenburg on 23 Nov 1423. Dietrich (son of Christian V of Oldenburg and Agnes of Honstein) died on 14 Feb 1440 in Delmenhorst, Lower Saxony, Germany; was buried in Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Saxony.

Barbara married Johann "the Alchemist" of Brandenburg on 26 May 1412. Johann (son of Friedrich I of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria) was born before 29 Sep 1403; died on 16 Nov 1464 in Baiersdorf, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Heilsbronn, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 18 Jul 1442, Hardegsen, Lower Saxony, Germany

Notes:

Countess of Berg and Ravensberg.

Margareta married Otto of Brunswick before 24 Jun 1379. Otto (son of Ernst of Brunswick and Elizabeth von Hessen) was born about 1340; died on 13 Dec 1394 in Hardegsen, Lower Saxony, Germany; was buried in Wiebrechtshausen monastery, Northeim, Lower Saxony, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[B]rought with her an enormous treasure in metalwork and precious fabrics as well as crucial political ties." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Marie married Adolf I on 12 Jul 1406 in Arras, Pas-de-Calais, France. Adolf (son of Adolf III and Margarete of Ravensberg) was born on 26 Dec 1373 in Kleves, Westphalia, Germany; died on 23 Sep 1448 in Kleves, Westphalia, Germany; was buried in Wesel, Westphalia, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Der Fromme" (the Pious). Duke of Bavaria in Munich.

"[A] moderate ruler who supported music, art and literature and suppressed the robber knights with his lands, yet expelled the Jews." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Albrecht married Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen on 22 Jan 1437 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Anna (daughter of Erich of Brunswick and Elizabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen) was born about 1420; died on 9 Oct 1474 in Nannhofen, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Andechs, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Silesia in Lignitz.

Ruprecht married Jadwiga of Silesia before 10 Feb 1372. Jadwiga (daughter of Heinrich III of Silesia and Anna of Masovia) was born before 1350; died on 27 Mar 1390; was buried in Legnica, Lower Silesia, Poland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Silesia-Liegnitz.

Barbara married Rudolf III of Saxony on 6 Mar 1396. Rudolf (son of Wenzel of Saxony and Cäcilie da Carrara) was born about 1373; died on 9 Jun 1419; was buried in Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

Anna married Albrecht III of Bavaria on 22 Jan 1437 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Albrecht (son of Ernst of Bavaria and Elisabetta Visconti) was born on 27 Mar 1401 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; died on 29 Feb 1460 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Andechs, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Oldenburg. Duke of Schleswig-Holstein.

"[C]ourageous and ambitious but not politically successful, lost Sweden after the battle of Brunkeberg in 1471, made a royal progress through Germany and Italy to Rome in 1474, founded the University of Copenhagen in 1479." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

The present queen of Denmark, Margrethe II, is a direct patrilineal descendant of Christian I:

Christian I of Denmark, 1426–1481
Frederik I of Denmark, 1471–1533
Christian III of Denmark, 1503–1559
John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg, 1545–1622
Alexander, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg, 1573–1627
August Philipp, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, 1612–1675
Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, 1653–1728
Peter August, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, 1696–1775
Prince Karl Anton August of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, 1727–1759
Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, 1757–1816
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, 1785–1831
Christian IX of Denmark, 1818–1906
Frederik VIII of Denmark, 1843–1912
Christian X of Denmark, 1870–1947
Frederik IX of Denmark, 1899–1972
Margrethe II of Denmark, b. 1940

Christian married Dorothea of Brandenburg on 28 Oct 1449 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Dorothea (daughter of Johann "the Alchemist" of Brandenburg and Barbara of Saxony) was born in 1430; died on 10 Nov 1495 in Kalundborg, Denmark; was buried in Roskilde Cathedral, Zealand, Denmark. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Margravine of Brandenburg. She was the widow of the previous Danish king, Christoffer III (often called Christopher of Bavaria).

"Dorothea of Brandenburg [...] was Queen consort of Denmark (1445–1448 and 1449–1481), Norway (1445–1448 and 1450–1481), and Sweden (1447–1448 and 1457–1464) two times each by marriage to Christopher of Bavaria and Christian I of Denmark. She served as interim regent during the interregnum in 1448, and as regent in the absence of her second spouse during his reign. She was the mother of two future kings of Denmark: John, King of Denmark who reigned from 1481 until 1513; Frederick I of Denmark who reigned from 1523 until 1533." [Wikipedia]

"[A] shrewd financial manager who worked to establish her younger son's rights in Schleswig and Holstein and carried on a lively conversation with her sister the Marchesa of Mantua." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Dorothea married Christian I, King of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden on 28 Oct 1449 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Christian (son of Dietrich of Oldenburg and Heilwig of Holstein) was born in Feb 1426; died on 21 Mar 1481 in Copenhagen, Denmark; was buried in Roskilde Cathedral, Zealand, Denmark. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Brunswick-Göttingen.

Elizabeth married Erich of Brunswick between 1 Jul 1405 and 14 Jul 1405. Erich (son of Albrecht I of Brunswick and Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg) died on 28 May 1427; was buried in St. Alexander, Einbeck, Lower Saxony, germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[F]orced into a political marriage at the age of thirteen, she grew to intensely dislike her husband, and after bearing him six children, left him in 1440 when aged twenty-three, later collaborated with her son against her husband, a patron of the arts, she commissioned a magnificent Book of Hours." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Katherina married Arnold van Egmond on 26 Jan 1430 in Kleves, Westphalia, Germany. Arnold (son of Jan II and Maria van Arkel) was born after 17 Jul 1410; died on 23 Feb 1473 in Grave, Brabant, Netherlands; was buried in Grave, Brabant, Netherlands. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Silesia-Liegnitz.

Barbara married Rudolf III of Saxony on 6 Mar 1396. Rudolf (son of Wenzel of Saxony and Cäcilie da Carrara) was born about 1373; died on 9 Jun 1419; was buried in Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Saxony.

Barbara married Johann "the Alchemist" of Brandenburg on 26 May 1412. Johann (son of Friedrich I of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria) was born before 29 Sep 1403; died on 16 Nov 1464 in Baiersdorf, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Heilsbronn, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[C]onsidered for canonization. The Orkneys and Shetlands passed to Scotland from Norway in lieu of her unpaid dowry." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Margaret married James III, King of Scots on 13 Jul 1469 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of James II, King of Scots and Mary of Guelders) was born on 26 May 1452 in Castle of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland; died on 11 Jun 1488 in Sauchieburn, near Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was buried in Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

Anna married Albrecht III of Bavaria on 22 Jan 1437 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Albrecht (son of Ernst of Bavaria and Elisabetta Visconti) was born on 27 Mar 1401 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; died on 29 Feb 1460 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Andechs, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[P]rudent and energetic, regent for her son King James III." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)] Also called Marie van Egmond.

Mary married James II, King of Scots on 3 Jul 1449 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of James I, King of Scots and Joan Beaufort) was born on 16 Oct 1430 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; died on 3 Aug 1460 in Roxburgh Castle, Borders, Scotland; was buried in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duchess of Saxony.

Barbara married Johann "the Alchemist" of Brandenburg on 26 May 1412. Johann (son of Friedrich I of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria) was born before 29 Sep 1403; died on 16 Nov 1464 in Baiersdorf, Bavaria, Germany; was buried in Heilsbronn, Bavaria, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Margravine of Brandenburg. She was the widow of the previous Danish king, Christoffer III (often called Christopher of Bavaria).

"Dorothea of Brandenburg [...] was Queen consort of Denmark (1445–1448 and 1449–1481), Norway (1445–1448 and 1450–1481), and Sweden (1447–1448 and 1457–1464) two times each by marriage to Christopher of Bavaria and Christian I of Denmark. She served as interim regent during the interregnum in 1448, and as regent in the absence of her second spouse during his reign. She was the mother of two future kings of Denmark: John, King of Denmark who reigned from 1481 until 1513; Frederick I of Denmark who reigned from 1523 until 1533." [Wikipedia]

"[A] shrewd financial manager who worked to establish her younger son's rights in Schleswig and Holstein and carried on a lively conversation with her sister the Marchesa of Mantua." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Dorothea married Christian I, King of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden on 28 Oct 1449 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Christian (son of Dietrich of Oldenburg and Heilwig of Holstein) was born in Feb 1426; died on 21 Mar 1481 in Copenhagen, Denmark; was buried in Roskilde Cathedral, Zealand, Denmark. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed at the battle of Flodden Field. "[B]rave, chivalrous, patron of learning and the Church, he kept the nobles in check but must be held responsible for the disaster at Flodden." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Drummond. Margaret (daughter of John Drummond and Elizabeth Lindsay) died in 1502. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Margaret Tudor on 8 Aug 1503 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Margaret (daughter of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Nov 1489 in Westminster Palace, Middlesex, England; died on 18 Oct 1541 in Methven Castle, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married James Hamilton between Feb 1474 and Mar 1474. James (son of James Hamilton and Janet Livingstone) was born about 1415; died on 6 Nov 1479. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 31 May 1452, Castle of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland

Notes:

"[P]ious and a lover of arts and letters, but avaricious and poorly served by his counselors, defeated at Sauchieburn by his rebellious lords under the Earl of Angus and Lord Home and stabbed to death after a fall from his horse." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

James married Margaret of Denmark on 13 Jul 1469 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Margaret (daughter of Christian I, King of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden and Dorothea of Brandenburg) was born on 23 Jun 1456; died on 14 Jul 1486 in Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was buried in Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Margravine of Brandenburg. She was the widow of the previous Danish king, Christoffer III (often called Christopher of Bavaria).

"Dorothea of Brandenburg [...] was Queen consort of Denmark (1445–1448 and 1449–1481), Norway (1445–1448 and 1450–1481), and Sweden (1447–1448 and 1457–1464) two times each by marriage to Christopher of Bavaria and Christian I of Denmark. She served as interim regent during the interregnum in 1448, and as regent in the absence of her second spouse during his reign. She was the mother of two future kings of Denmark: John, King of Denmark who reigned from 1481 until 1513; Frederick I of Denmark who reigned from 1523 until 1533." [Wikipedia]

"[A] shrewd financial manager who worked to establish her younger son's rights in Schleswig and Holstein and carried on a lively conversation with her sister the Marchesa of Mantua." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Dorothea married Christian I, King of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden on 28 Oct 1449 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Christian (son of Dietrich of Oldenburg and Heilwig of Holstein) was born in Feb 1426; died on 21 Mar 1481 in Copenhagen, Denmark; was buried in Roskilde Cathedral, Zealand, Denmark. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[C]onsidered for canonization. The Orkneys and Shetlands passed to Scotland from Norway in lieu of her unpaid dowry." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Margaret married James III, King of Scots on 13 Jul 1469 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of James II, King of Scots and Mary of Guelders) was born on 26 May 1452 in Castle of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland; died on 11 Jun 1488 in Sauchieburn, near Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was buried in Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[F]orfeited the Angus Douglas, executed Border reivers, at times went incognito among his people, popular and licentious." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

James V of Scotland, direct ancestor of TWK, is by far the most recent crowned head to be the direct ancestor of any of this database's root individuals. Through him, TWK is documentably descended from approximately 2500 more minor gentry, two-bit aristocrats, and forgotten royalty than either TNH or JTS, the next two in sheer quantity of known ancestors. Through the wives of James V's grandfather James III and his great-grandfather James II, plus James V's umbilical great-grandmother Jacquetta of Luxembourg, a great number of these TWK ancestors lived in central and eastern Europe. Through James V's mother Margaret Tudor, sister of Henry VIII, TWK is descended from many of the dramatis personae of Shakespeare's history plays and many of the major players in the Wars of the Roses. Finally, through Margaret Tudor's paternal great-grandfather Owen ap Marududd ap Tudur, TWK is descended from dozens if not hundreds of Welsh persons with brain-challenging names like Cynwrig ab Iorwerth ap Gwgon ab Idnerth ab Edryd ab Inethan ab Iasedd ap Carwed ap Marchudd ap Cynan.

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Margaret Erskine
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Agnes Keith
Elizabeth Stewart (1565-1591) = James Stuart, Earl of Moray
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Anne Gordon
James Stuart, Earl of Moray = Margaret Home
Mary Stuart = Archibald Campbell, Earl of Argyll (1629-1685)
Archibald Campbell, Duke of Argyll (1658-1703) = Elizabeth Tollemache (1659-1735)
Anne Campbell (1696-1736) = James Stuart, Earl of Bute
John Stuart, Earl of Bute (1713-1792) = Mary Wortley-Montagu (1718-1794)
James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1747-1818) = Margaret Cunynghame
Louisa Harcourt Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1781-1848) = George Percy, Duke of Northumberland (1778-1867)
Margaret Percy (1813-1897) = Edward Richard Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1815-1888)
Edward George Percy Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1842-1930) = Charlotte Louisa Rowley (d. 1923)
Edward Charles Rowley Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1868-1944) = HEster Edith Hoskins (d. 1947)
Lilah Cecelia Littleton (b. 1902) = Stewart Sandbach Harrison
Youla Cecilia Harrison (b. 1927) = Leo Claude Vaux Miéville
Claudia Cecilia Vaux Miéville (1949-2007) = [unknown] (d. ~1991)
China Tom Miéville (b. 1972)

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Mary of Guise (d. 1560)
Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-1587) = Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley (1545-1567)
James VI, King of Scots, later James I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1566-1625) = Anna of Denmark (1574-1619)
Charles I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1600-1649) = Henrietta Marie de Bourbon (1609-1669)
Charles II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1630-1685) = Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kéroualle, Duchess of Portland (1649-1734)
Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1672-1723) = Anne Brudenell (d. 1722)
Anne Lennox (1703-1789) = William Anne Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle (1702-1754)
George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (1724-1772) = Anne Miller (1743-1824)
William Charles Keppel, 4th Earl of Albemarle (1772-1849) = Elizabeth Southwell (1776-1817)
George Thomas Keppel, 6th Earl of Albemarle (1799-1891) = Susan Trotter (1806-1885)
William Coutts Keppel, 7th Earl of Albemarle (1832-1894) = Sophia Mary McNab (1832-1917)
George Keppel (1865-1947) = Alice Frederica Edmonstone (1869-1947) *
Sonia Rosemary Keppel (1900-1986) = Roland Calvert Cubitt (1899-1962)
Rosalind Maud Cubitt (1921-1994) = Bruce Middleton Hope Shand (1917-1946)
Camilla Rosemary Shand (1947- ), = (1) Andrew Henry Parker Bowles (1939- ), = (2) HRH Prince Charles Philip Arthur George (1948- ), now Charles III, King of England


* She is known to have been a mistress of King Edward VII from 1898 forward.

Family/Spouse: Euphemia Elphinstone. Euphemia (daughter of Alexander Elphinstone and Elizabeth Barlow) was born on 11 May 1509; died after 1564. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Madeleine of France on 1 Jan 1537 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Madeleine (daughter of François I, King of France) was born in Aug 1520; died on 7 Jul 1537 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Guise on 12 Jun 1538 in St. Andrew's, Fife, Scotland. Mary (daughter of Claude de Lorraine and Antoinette de Bourbon) died on 11 Jun 1560 in Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in St. Peter's Abbey, Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Living Apr 1531.

Elizabeth married Matthew Stewart between 9 Apr 1494 and 18 Apr 1494. Matthew (son of John Stewart and Margaret Montgomery) was born about 1465; died on 9 Sep 1513 in Flodden Field, Northumberland, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed at the battle of Flodden Field. "[B]rave, chivalrous, patron of learning and the Church, he kept the nobles in check but must be held responsible for the disaster at Flodden." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Drummond. Margaret (daughter of John Drummond and Elizabeth Lindsay) died in 1502. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Margaret Tudor on 8 Aug 1503 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Margaret (daughter of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Nov 1489 in Westminster Palace, Middlesex, England; died on 18 Oct 1541 in Methven Castle, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[C]onsidered for canonization. The Orkneys and Shetlands passed to Scotland from Norway in lieu of her unpaid dowry." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Margaret married James III, King of Scots on 13 Jul 1469 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of James II, King of Scots and Mary of Guelders) was born on 26 May 1452 in Castle of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland; died on 11 Jun 1488 in Sauchieburn, near Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was buried in Cambuskenneth Abbey, Stirlingshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Orkney.

From Wikipedia:

Robert Stewart, Knt., 1st Earl of Orkney and Lord of Zetland (Shetland) (1533 – 4 February 1593) was a recognized illegitimate son of James V, King of Scotland, and his mistress Eupheme Elphinstone.

In 1539 Robert was made Commendator of Holyrood Abbey, and Commendator of Charlieu Abbey in France by 1557. On 9 February 1560 he testified against the Hamilton Duke of Châtellerault and Earl of Arran, and the Protestant Lords of the Congregation to James MacGill and John Bellenden of Auchnoule. They were collecting evidence for Henri Cleutin and Jacques de la Brosse, the French advisors of his step-mother Mary of Guise who planned to have the Hamiltons charged with treason against his half-sister, Mary, Queen of Scots and France. Robert himself had signed some of the letters that were to be cited as evidence.

He was knighted as Sir Robert Stewart of Strathdon on 15 May 1565, as part of marriage celebrations of Mary, Queen of Scots and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. In 1581 he was named, by James VI, the 1st Earl in a second creation of the Earldom of Orkney. The new earldom replaced a short-lived Dukedom of Orkney, which had been awarded in 1567 by Mary, Queen of Scots, to her notorious third husband James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell. This dukedom was forfeit later that same year after Mary was forced to abdicate and Bothwell was charged with treason. Prior to this dukedom there had existed an Earldom of Orkney that was surrendered in 1470 by William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney.

Mary wrote a will at Sheffield in 1577 ineffectually declaring his title to Orkney null and void, after Robert was imprisoned in 1575 for obtaining a letter from the King of Denmark declaring him sovereign of Orkney. His crimes included colluding with Shetland pirates. The Earl was imprisoned at Linlithgow Palace. He was released in 1579. He built the Palace of Birsay on Orkney. On his death in 1593 the earldom passed to his son Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of Orkney.

From the Scots Peerage:

Robert Stewart of Strathdown was a half-brother of Queen Mary, being a natural son of King James V. by Euphame, daughter of Alexander, first Lord Elphinstone; she married, in 1540, John Bruce of Cultmalundie. Robert was born 1533, and was mentioned in the remainder of the castle and lands of Tantallon, granted to his half-brother James Stewart 31 August 1536, as son of the King by this lady nominatim. He obtained a grant of the Abbey of Holyroodhouse in commendam in 1539. In 1553 he went abroad, and was absent from Scotland for some years. After his return he early joined the Lords of the Congregation against the Queen-mother, and declared himself, according to Knox, to be on the Protestant side. On the return of Queen Mary he was constantly at Court, and had some knowledge of the plot for Darnley's murder. His elder children, legitimate and natural, were provided for out of the temporalities of Holyroodhouse. On 19 December 1564 he obtained a lease of the Crown lands of Orkney and Zetland, but this was revoked when the Queen married Bothwell and created him Duke of Orkney. In 1569, Lord Robert, however, exchanged the temporalities of Holyroodhouse for those of the See of Orkney with Adam Bothwell, Bishop of that Diocese, and in spite of the latter's protest that the proceedings were done by constraint, and also of various revocations and regrants, kept a hold on the earldom and bishopric of Orkney till his death. He was accused in 1571 of treason, having had intrigues with the King of Denmark relative to his islands, was imprisoned by the Regent Morton, and remained in ward until the latter's resignation. In September 1572 he received from Bishop Bothwell three charters of the lands of the bishopric to himself and his wife Jean Kennedy in liferent, and to Henry, their eldest lawful son, whom failing, to Patrick Stewart, his brothergerman, whom failing, to Lord Robert himself, whom failing, to Robert, his natural son, whom failing, to James Stewart, also a natural son, with a remainder to other persons named. He had the satisfaction of assisting at Morton's fall, conveying him to prison. By his nephew King James VI. he was, on 28 October 1581 created Earl of Orkney and Lord of Zetland, with remainder to the heirs of his body, legitimately born, whom failing, to the King. He obtained another entail of the earldom of Orkney, 9 June 1585, and died 4 February 1592-93. He married in 1561 Jean Kennedy, eldest daughter of Gilbert, third Earl of Oassillis, and had issue: 1. Henry, Master of Orkney, mentioned in the entail of the earldom 9 June 1585. He predeceased his father before 1590, when his brother Patrick is styled Master of Orkney. 2. Patrick, his successor. 3. John, created Lord Kinclaven and Earl of Carrick. (See the latter title.) 4. Sir James Stewart of Eday and Tullos, Gentleman of the Bedchamber to King James vi. In spite of the misleading footnote in Wood's Douglas, he was a legitimate son, and is, 1584, described as brother-german of Henry and Patrick, third born. His brother's downfall involved him in difficulties, and he and his eldest son had a protection from their creditors in 1635. He and his wife Margaret Lyon, in 1625, obtained a grant of £900 Scots 'in commiseration of their poore and indigent estate. They had issue:—(1) Colonel Robert Stewart of Eday, ancestor of that family in Orkney. Heirs to the earldom except for the attainder. (2) Colonel John Stewart of Newark, who left issue. (3) Mary, married (contract 1639) to Alexander Bothwell of Glencorse. (4) Margaret. (5) Jean, married, first, to Major George Crichton of Abekie; secondly, to Frederick Lyon of Brigtoun. 5. Sir Robert Stewart of Middleton, described in 1584 as brother-german of Henry, Patrick, and James, and fourth born. He was at one time abroad, and secretary to the Vice-Chancellor of Poland, and then in Ireland. King James VI. wrote to one Stallenge to commend his suit for Elizabeth, daughter of Christopher Kenne, his ward, 14 April 1604. 6. Marie, married (contract 25 November 1585) to Patrick, sixth Lord Gray, as his second wife. 7. Jean, married, first, to Patrick, first Lord Lindores; and secondly, as third wife, to Robert, first Lord Melville of Raith. She survived him, and was alive in 1642. 8. Elizabeth, married to James Sinclair of Murkle, second son of John, Master of Caithness. 9. Barbara, stated to have been married to Hugh or Harry Halcro of Halcro in Orkney.

Earl Robert had a large number of illegitimate children. 1. Robert Stewart, who was legitimated. He is usually named before his brother James, and they are first named in 1566 in a grant to their brother Henry and two sisters, being carefully distinguished as natural sons. 2. James Stewart, who was also legitimated. He received with his brother Robert in 1574 provision out of the teinds of Holyroodhouse. It is exceedingly difficult to disentangle the history of these legitimated sons from those of their lawful brothers of the same name. 3. James Stewart of Graemsay in Orkney (his mother said to be Janet Robertson of Strowan), who was implicated in his father's treasonable intrigues with Denmark. 4. William Stewart of Egilshay, summoned 1600 to find caution for appearance at trial 'for the schamefull and cruell murther of Bellenden, his first spouse.' He was later a colonel in the Swedish service in 1609. 5. George Stewart of Eynhallow, legitimated 29 November 1586. His mother, and the mother of Edward and David was Marjorie Sandilands, wife of Adam Gordon, brother of John Gordon of Avachie. He had in 1584 been included in the provision out of the teinds of Holyroodhouse, and in 1585 was in the entail of the earldom of Orkney and lordship of Zetland. He had a number of lands, afterwards erected into the tenandry of Brugh, and was dead before 30 March 1616. 6. Edward Stewart of Brugh, ancestor of that family. He held the half of the lands of Brugh, and succeeded to his brother George before 30 March 1616. 7. David Stewart of How. 8. Christian married to John Mouat of Hougaland in Shetland, and, as his widow, was living, and in feud with her brother-in-law, in 1634. 9. Grizel, married before 27 December 1591 to Hugh Sinclair of Brugh in Shetland. 10. Mary, said to have been married to Lawrence Sinclair of Goat, in Shetland.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Robert Stewart). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Jean Kennedy in 1561. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 7 Dec 1542, Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland

Mary married Françoise II, King of France on 24 Apr 1558 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Françoise (son of Henri II, King of France and Catherine de Medici) died on 5 Dec 1560 in Orléans, Loiret, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Henry Stewart on 29 Jul 1565 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Henry (son of Matthew Stewart and Margaret Douglas) was born on 7 Dec 1545 in Temple Newsam, Yorkshire, England; died on 10 Feb 1567 in Kirk o' Field, outside Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in Chapel Royal, Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married James Hepburn on 15 May 1567 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of Patrick Hepburn and Agnes Sinclair) was born before 1536. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

3rd Earl of Lennox.

John married Elizabeth Stewart about 19 Jan 1512. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[F]orfeited the Angus Douglas, executed Border reivers, at times went incognito among his people, popular and licentious." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

James V of Scotland, direct ancestor of TWK, is by far the most recent crowned head to be the direct ancestor of any of this database's root individuals. Through him, TWK is documentably descended from approximately 2500 more minor gentry, two-bit aristocrats, and forgotten royalty than either TNH or JTS, the next two in sheer quantity of known ancestors. Through the wives of James V's grandfather James III and his great-grandfather James II, plus James V's umbilical great-grandmother Jacquetta of Luxembourg, a great number of these TWK ancestors lived in central and eastern Europe. Through James V's mother Margaret Tudor, sister of Henry VIII, TWK is descended from many of the dramatis personae of Shakespeare's history plays and many of the major players in the Wars of the Roses. Finally, through Margaret Tudor's paternal great-grandfather Owen ap Marududd ap Tudur, TWK is descended from dozens if not hundreds of Welsh persons with brain-challenging names like Cynwrig ab Iorwerth ap Gwgon ab Idnerth ab Edryd ab Inethan ab Iasedd ap Carwed ap Marchudd ap Cynan.

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Margaret Erskine
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Agnes Keith
Elizabeth Stewart (1565-1591) = James Stuart, Earl of Moray
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Anne Gordon
James Stuart, Earl of Moray = Margaret Home
Mary Stuart = Archibald Campbell, Earl of Argyll (1629-1685)
Archibald Campbell, Duke of Argyll (1658-1703) = Elizabeth Tollemache (1659-1735)
Anne Campbell (1696-1736) = James Stuart, Earl of Bute
John Stuart, Earl of Bute (1713-1792) = Mary Wortley-Montagu (1718-1794)
James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1747-1818) = Margaret Cunynghame
Louisa Harcourt Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1781-1848) = George Percy, Duke of Northumberland (1778-1867)
Margaret Percy (1813-1897) = Edward Richard Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1815-1888)
Edward George Percy Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1842-1930) = Charlotte Louisa Rowley (d. 1923)
Edward Charles Rowley Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1868-1944) = HEster Edith Hoskins (d. 1947)
Lilah Cecelia Littleton (b. 1902) = Stewart Sandbach Harrison
Youla Cecilia Harrison (b. 1927) = Leo Claude Vaux Miéville
Claudia Cecilia Vaux Miéville (1949-2007) = [unknown] (d. ~1991)
China Tom Miéville (b. 1972)

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Mary of Guise (d. 1560)
Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-1587) = Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley (1545-1567)
James VI, King of Scots, later James I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1566-1625) = Anna of Denmark (1574-1619)
Charles I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1600-1649) = Henrietta Marie de Bourbon (1609-1669)
Charles II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1630-1685) = Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kéroualle, Duchess of Portland (1649-1734)
Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1672-1723) = Anne Brudenell (d. 1722)
Anne Lennox (1703-1789) = William Anne Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle (1702-1754)
George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (1724-1772) = Anne Miller (1743-1824)
William Charles Keppel, 4th Earl of Albemarle (1772-1849) = Elizabeth Southwell (1776-1817)
George Thomas Keppel, 6th Earl of Albemarle (1799-1891) = Susan Trotter (1806-1885)
William Coutts Keppel, 7th Earl of Albemarle (1832-1894) = Sophia Mary McNab (1832-1917)
George Keppel (1865-1947) = Alice Frederica Edmonstone (1869-1947) *
Sonia Rosemary Keppel (1900-1986) = Roland Calvert Cubitt (1899-1962)
Rosalind Maud Cubitt (1921-1994) = Bruce Middleton Hope Shand (1917-1946)
Camilla Rosemary Shand (1947- ), = (1) Andrew Henry Parker Bowles (1939- ), = (2) HRH Prince Charles Philip Arthur George (1948- ), now Charles III, King of England


* She is known to have been a mistress of King Edward VII from 1898 forward.

Family/Spouse: Euphemia Elphinstone. Euphemia (daughter of Alexander Elphinstone and Elizabeth Barlow) was born on 11 May 1509; died after 1564. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Madeleine of France on 1 Jan 1537 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Madeleine (daughter of François I, King of France) was born in Aug 1520; died on 7 Jul 1537 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Guise on 12 Jun 1538 in St. Andrew's, Fife, Scotland. Mary (daughter of Claude de Lorraine and Antoinette de Bourbon) died on 11 Jun 1560 in Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in St. Peter's Abbey, Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Killed at the battle of Flodden Field. "[B]rave, chivalrous, patron of learning and the Church, he kept the nobles in check but must be held responsible for the disaster at Flodden." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Drummond. Margaret (daughter of John Drummond and Elizabeth Lindsay) died in 1502. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Margaret Tudor on 8 Aug 1503 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Margaret (daughter of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Nov 1489 in Westminster Palace, Middlesex, England; died on 18 Oct 1541 in Methven Castle, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft Nov 1633

Notes:

For an account of the complaint she presented to the Privy Council in 1634, see the entry for her husband John Mowat.

Family/Spouse: John Mowat. John (son of Andrew Mowat and Ursula Tulloch) was born in of Hugoland in Northmaven, Shetland, Scotland; died in Aug 1617. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Anne of Denmark, Queen Consort of Scotland; Queen Consort of England and Ireland on 23 Nov 1589 in Oslo, Norway. Anne (daughter of Frederik II, King of Denmark and Norway and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow) was born on 12 Oct 1574 in Skanderborg Castle, Skanderborg, Denmark; died on 2 Mar 1619 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Lennox.

Matthew married Margaret Douglas on 29 Jun 1544 in St. James Palace, London, England. Margaret (daughter of Archibald Douglas and Margaret Tudor) was born on 8 Nov 1515 in Harbottle Castle, Northumberland, England; died on 9 Mar 1578 in Hackney, Middlesex, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Orkney.

From Wikipedia:

Robert Stewart, Knt., 1st Earl of Orkney and Lord of Zetland (Shetland) (1533 – 4 February 1593) was a recognized illegitimate son of James V, King of Scotland, and his mistress Eupheme Elphinstone.

In 1539 Robert was made Commendator of Holyrood Abbey, and Commendator of Charlieu Abbey in France by 1557. On 9 February 1560 he testified against the Hamilton Duke of Châtellerault and Earl of Arran, and the Protestant Lords of the Congregation to James MacGill and John Bellenden of Auchnoule. They were collecting evidence for Henri Cleutin and Jacques de la Brosse, the French advisors of his step-mother Mary of Guise who planned to have the Hamiltons charged with treason against his half-sister, Mary, Queen of Scots and France. Robert himself had signed some of the letters that were to be cited as evidence.

He was knighted as Sir Robert Stewart of Strathdon on 15 May 1565, as part of marriage celebrations of Mary, Queen of Scots and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. In 1581 he was named, by James VI, the 1st Earl in a second creation of the Earldom of Orkney. The new earldom replaced a short-lived Dukedom of Orkney, which had been awarded in 1567 by Mary, Queen of Scots, to her notorious third husband James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell. This dukedom was forfeit later that same year after Mary was forced to abdicate and Bothwell was charged with treason. Prior to this dukedom there had existed an Earldom of Orkney that was surrendered in 1470 by William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney.

Mary wrote a will at Sheffield in 1577 ineffectually declaring his title to Orkney null and void, after Robert was imprisoned in 1575 for obtaining a letter from the King of Denmark declaring him sovereign of Orkney. His crimes included colluding with Shetland pirates. The Earl was imprisoned at Linlithgow Palace. He was released in 1579. He built the Palace of Birsay on Orkney. On his death in 1593 the earldom passed to his son Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of Orkney.

From the Scots Peerage:

Robert Stewart of Strathdown was a half-brother of Queen Mary, being a natural son of King James V. by Euphame, daughter of Alexander, first Lord Elphinstone; she married, in 1540, John Bruce of Cultmalundie. Robert was born 1533, and was mentioned in the remainder of the castle and lands of Tantallon, granted to his half-brother James Stewart 31 August 1536, as son of the King by this lady nominatim. He obtained a grant of the Abbey of Holyroodhouse in commendam in 1539. In 1553 he went abroad, and was absent from Scotland for some years. After his return he early joined the Lords of the Congregation against the Queen-mother, and declared himself, according to Knox, to be on the Protestant side. On the return of Queen Mary he was constantly at Court, and had some knowledge of the plot for Darnley's murder. His elder children, legitimate and natural, were provided for out of the temporalities of Holyroodhouse. On 19 December 1564 he obtained a lease of the Crown lands of Orkney and Zetland, but this was revoked when the Queen married Bothwell and created him Duke of Orkney. In 1569, Lord Robert, however, exchanged the temporalities of Holyroodhouse for those of the See of Orkney with Adam Bothwell, Bishop of that Diocese, and in spite of the latter's protest that the proceedings were done by constraint, and also of various revocations and regrants, kept a hold on the earldom and bishopric of Orkney till his death. He was accused in 1571 of treason, having had intrigues with the King of Denmark relative to his islands, was imprisoned by the Regent Morton, and remained in ward until the latter's resignation. In September 1572 he received from Bishop Bothwell three charters of the lands of the bishopric to himself and his wife Jean Kennedy in liferent, and to Henry, their eldest lawful son, whom failing, to Patrick Stewart, his brothergerman, whom failing, to Lord Robert himself, whom failing, to Robert, his natural son, whom failing, to James Stewart, also a natural son, with a remainder to other persons named. He had the satisfaction of assisting at Morton's fall, conveying him to prison. By his nephew King James VI. he was, on 28 October 1581 created Earl of Orkney and Lord of Zetland, with remainder to the heirs of his body, legitimately born, whom failing, to the King. He obtained another entail of the earldom of Orkney, 9 June 1585, and died 4 February 1592-93. He married in 1561 Jean Kennedy, eldest daughter of Gilbert, third Earl of Oassillis, and had issue: 1. Henry, Master of Orkney, mentioned in the entail of the earldom 9 June 1585. He predeceased his father before 1590, when his brother Patrick is styled Master of Orkney. 2. Patrick, his successor. 3. John, created Lord Kinclaven and Earl of Carrick. (See the latter title.) 4. Sir James Stewart of Eday and Tullos, Gentleman of the Bedchamber to King James vi. In spite of the misleading footnote in Wood's Douglas, he was a legitimate son, and is, 1584, described as brother-german of Henry and Patrick, third born. His brother's downfall involved him in difficulties, and he and his eldest son had a protection from their creditors in 1635. He and his wife Margaret Lyon, in 1625, obtained a grant of £900 Scots 'in commiseration of their poore and indigent estate. They had issue:—(1) Colonel Robert Stewart of Eday, ancestor of that family in Orkney. Heirs to the earldom except for the attainder. (2) Colonel John Stewart of Newark, who left issue. (3) Mary, married (contract 1639) to Alexander Bothwell of Glencorse. (4) Margaret. (5) Jean, married, first, to Major George Crichton of Abekie; secondly, to Frederick Lyon of Brigtoun. 5. Sir Robert Stewart of Middleton, described in 1584 as brother-german of Henry, Patrick, and James, and fourth born. He was at one time abroad, and secretary to the Vice-Chancellor of Poland, and then in Ireland. King James VI. wrote to one Stallenge to commend his suit for Elizabeth, daughter of Christopher Kenne, his ward, 14 April 1604. 6. Marie, married (contract 25 November 1585) to Patrick, sixth Lord Gray, as his second wife. 7. Jean, married, first, to Patrick, first Lord Lindores; and secondly, as third wife, to Robert, first Lord Melville of Raith. She survived him, and was alive in 1642. 8. Elizabeth, married to James Sinclair of Murkle, second son of John, Master of Caithness. 9. Barbara, stated to have been married to Hugh or Harry Halcro of Halcro in Orkney.

Earl Robert had a large number of illegitimate children. 1. Robert Stewart, who was legitimated. He is usually named before his brother James, and they are first named in 1566 in a grant to their brother Henry and two sisters, being carefully distinguished as natural sons. 2. James Stewart, who was also legitimated. He received with his brother Robert in 1574 provision out of the teinds of Holyroodhouse. It is exceedingly difficult to disentangle the history of these legitimated sons from those of their lawful brothers of the same name. 3. James Stewart of Graemsay in Orkney (his mother said to be Janet Robertson of Strowan), who was implicated in his father's treasonable intrigues with Denmark. 4. William Stewart of Egilshay, summoned 1600 to find caution for appearance at trial 'for the schamefull and cruell murther of Bellenden, his first spouse.' He was later a colonel in the Swedish service in 1609. 5. George Stewart of Eynhallow, legitimated 29 November 1586. His mother, and the mother of Edward and David was Marjorie Sandilands, wife of Adam Gordon, brother of John Gordon of Avachie. He had in 1584 been included in the provision out of the teinds of Holyroodhouse, and in 1585 was in the entail of the earldom of Orkney and lordship of Zetland. He had a number of lands, afterwards erected into the tenandry of Brugh, and was dead before 30 March 1616. 6. Edward Stewart of Brugh, ancestor of that family. He held the half of the lands of Brugh, and succeeded to his brother George before 30 March 1616. 7. David Stewart of How. 8. Christian married to John Mouat of Hougaland in Shetland, and, as his widow, was living, and in feud with her brother-in-law, in 1634. 9. Grizel, married before 27 December 1591 to Hugh Sinclair of Brugh in Shetland. 10. Mary, said to have been married to Lawrence Sinclair of Goat, in Shetland.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Robert Stewart). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Jean Kennedy in 1561. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 7 Dec 1542, Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland

Mary married Françoise II, King of France on 24 Apr 1558 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Françoise (son of Henri II, King of France and Catherine de Medici) died on 5 Dec 1560 in Orléans, Loiret, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Henry Stewart on 29 Jul 1565 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Henry (son of Matthew Stewart and Margaret Douglas) was born on 7 Dec 1545 in Temple Newsam, Yorkshire, England; died on 10 Feb 1567 in Kirk o' Field, outside Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in Chapel Royal, Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married James Hepburn on 15 May 1567 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of Patrick Hepburn and Agnes Sinclair) was born before 1536. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[F]orfeited the Angus Douglas, executed Border reivers, at times went incognito among his people, popular and licentious." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

James V of Scotland, direct ancestor of TWK, is by far the most recent crowned head to be the direct ancestor of any of this database's root individuals. Through him, TWK is documentably descended from approximately 2500 more minor gentry, two-bit aristocrats, and forgotten royalty than either TNH or JTS, the next two in sheer quantity of known ancestors. Through the wives of James V's grandfather James III and his great-grandfather James II, plus James V's umbilical great-grandmother Jacquetta of Luxembourg, a great number of these TWK ancestors lived in central and eastern Europe. Through James V's mother Margaret Tudor, sister of Henry VIII, TWK is descended from many of the dramatis personae of Shakespeare's history plays and many of the major players in the Wars of the Roses. Finally, through Margaret Tudor's paternal great-grandfather Owen ap Marududd ap Tudur, TWK is descended from dozens if not hundreds of Welsh persons with brain-challenging names like Cynwrig ab Iorwerth ap Gwgon ab Idnerth ab Edryd ab Inethan ab Iasedd ap Carwed ap Marchudd ap Cynan.

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Margaret Erskine
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Agnes Keith
Elizabeth Stewart (1565-1591) = James Stuart, Earl of Moray
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Anne Gordon
James Stuart, Earl of Moray = Margaret Home
Mary Stuart = Archibald Campbell, Earl of Argyll (1629-1685)
Archibald Campbell, Duke of Argyll (1658-1703) = Elizabeth Tollemache (1659-1735)
Anne Campbell (1696-1736) = James Stuart, Earl of Bute
John Stuart, Earl of Bute (1713-1792) = Mary Wortley-Montagu (1718-1794)
James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1747-1818) = Margaret Cunynghame
Louisa Harcourt Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1781-1848) = George Percy, Duke of Northumberland (1778-1867)
Margaret Percy (1813-1897) = Edward Richard Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1815-1888)
Edward George Percy Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1842-1930) = Charlotte Louisa Rowley (d. 1923)
Edward Charles Rowley Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1868-1944) = HEster Edith Hoskins (d. 1947)
Lilah Cecelia Littleton (b. 1902) = Stewart Sandbach Harrison
Youla Cecilia Harrison (b. 1927) = Leo Claude Vaux Miéville
Claudia Cecilia Vaux Miéville (1949-2007) = [unknown] (d. ~1991)
China Tom Miéville (b. 1972)

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Mary of Guise (d. 1560)
Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-1587) = Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley (1545-1567)
James VI, King of Scots, later James I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1566-1625) = Anna of Denmark (1574-1619)
Charles I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1600-1649) = Henrietta Marie de Bourbon (1609-1669)
Charles II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1630-1685) = Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kéroualle, Duchess of Portland (1649-1734)
Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1672-1723) = Anne Brudenell (d. 1722)
Anne Lennox (1703-1789) = William Anne Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle (1702-1754)
George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (1724-1772) = Anne Miller (1743-1824)
William Charles Keppel, 4th Earl of Albemarle (1772-1849) = Elizabeth Southwell (1776-1817)
George Thomas Keppel, 6th Earl of Albemarle (1799-1891) = Susan Trotter (1806-1885)
William Coutts Keppel, 7th Earl of Albemarle (1832-1894) = Sophia Mary McNab (1832-1917)
George Keppel (1865-1947) = Alice Frederica Edmonstone (1869-1947) *
Sonia Rosemary Keppel (1900-1986) = Roland Calvert Cubitt (1899-1962)
Rosalind Maud Cubitt (1921-1994) = Bruce Middleton Hope Shand (1917-1946)
Camilla Rosemary Shand (1947- ), = (1) Andrew Henry Parker Bowles (1939- ), = (2) HRH Prince Charles Philip Arthur George (1948- ), now Charles III, King of England


* She is known to have been a mistress of King Edward VII from 1898 forward.

Family/Spouse: Euphemia Elphinstone. Euphemia (daughter of Alexander Elphinstone and Elizabeth Barlow) was born on 11 May 1509; died after 1564. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Madeleine of France on 1 Jan 1537 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Madeleine (daughter of François I, King of France) was born in Aug 1520; died on 7 Jul 1537 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Guise on 12 Jun 1538 in St. Andrew's, Fife, Scotland. Mary (daughter of Claude de Lorraine and Antoinette de Bourbon) died on 11 Jun 1560 in Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in St. Peter's Abbey, Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jean married David Heart before Oct 1615. David was born in of Rusland, Harray, Orkney, Scotland; died after 8 Mar 1656. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Henrietta Maria of France, Queen Consort of England on 13 Jun 1625 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Henrietta (daughter of Henri IV, King of France and Navarre and Maria de' Medici) was born on 26 Nov 1609 in Louvre, Paris, France; died on 31 Aug 1669 in Château de Colombes, Colombes, France; was buried in St.-Denis, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Lennox.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Cavendish. Elizabeth (daughter of William Cavendish and Elizabeth Hardwick) died in 1582. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Lord Darnley, Duke of Albany, Earl of Ross.

Henry married Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots on 29 Jul 1565 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Mary (daughter of James V, King of Scots and Mary of Guise) was born on 8 Dec 1542 in Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland; died on 8 Feb 1587 in Fotheringay, Northamptonshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft Nov 1633

Notes:

For an account of the complaint she presented to the Privy Council in 1634, see the entry for her husband John Mowat.

Family/Spouse: John Mowat. John (son of Andrew Mowat and Ursula Tulloch) was born in of Hugoland in Northmaven, Shetland, Scotland; died in Aug 1617. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Anne of Denmark, Queen Consort of Scotland; Queen Consort of England and Ireland on 23 Nov 1589 in Oslo, Norway. Anne (daughter of Frederik II, King of Denmark and Norway and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow) was born on 12 Oct 1574 in Skanderborg Castle, Skanderborg, Denmark; died on 2 Mar 1619 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Orkney.

From Wikipedia:

Robert Stewart, Knt., 1st Earl of Orkney and Lord of Zetland (Shetland) (1533 – 4 February 1593) was a recognized illegitimate son of James V, King of Scotland, and his mistress Eupheme Elphinstone.

In 1539 Robert was made Commendator of Holyrood Abbey, and Commendator of Charlieu Abbey in France by 1557. On 9 February 1560 he testified against the Hamilton Duke of Châtellerault and Earl of Arran, and the Protestant Lords of the Congregation to James MacGill and John Bellenden of Auchnoule. They were collecting evidence for Henri Cleutin and Jacques de la Brosse, the French advisors of his step-mother Mary of Guise who planned to have the Hamiltons charged with treason against his half-sister, Mary, Queen of Scots and France. Robert himself had signed some of the letters that were to be cited as evidence.

He was knighted as Sir Robert Stewart of Strathdon on 15 May 1565, as part of marriage celebrations of Mary, Queen of Scots and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. In 1581 he was named, by James VI, the 1st Earl in a second creation of the Earldom of Orkney. The new earldom replaced a short-lived Dukedom of Orkney, which had been awarded in 1567 by Mary, Queen of Scots, to her notorious third husband James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell. This dukedom was forfeit later that same year after Mary was forced to abdicate and Bothwell was charged with treason. Prior to this dukedom there had existed an Earldom of Orkney that was surrendered in 1470 by William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney.

Mary wrote a will at Sheffield in 1577 ineffectually declaring his title to Orkney null and void, after Robert was imprisoned in 1575 for obtaining a letter from the King of Denmark declaring him sovereign of Orkney. His crimes included colluding with Shetland pirates. The Earl was imprisoned at Linlithgow Palace. He was released in 1579. He built the Palace of Birsay on Orkney. On his death in 1593 the earldom passed to his son Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of Orkney.

From the Scots Peerage:

Robert Stewart of Strathdown was a half-brother of Queen Mary, being a natural son of King James V. by Euphame, daughter of Alexander, first Lord Elphinstone; she married, in 1540, John Bruce of Cultmalundie. Robert was born 1533, and was mentioned in the remainder of the castle and lands of Tantallon, granted to his half-brother James Stewart 31 August 1536, as son of the King by this lady nominatim. He obtained a grant of the Abbey of Holyroodhouse in commendam in 1539. In 1553 he went abroad, and was absent from Scotland for some years. After his return he early joined the Lords of the Congregation against the Queen-mother, and declared himself, according to Knox, to be on the Protestant side. On the return of Queen Mary he was constantly at Court, and had some knowledge of the plot for Darnley's murder. His elder children, legitimate and natural, were provided for out of the temporalities of Holyroodhouse. On 19 December 1564 he obtained a lease of the Crown lands of Orkney and Zetland, but this was revoked when the Queen married Bothwell and created him Duke of Orkney. In 1569, Lord Robert, however, exchanged the temporalities of Holyroodhouse for those of the See of Orkney with Adam Bothwell, Bishop of that Diocese, and in spite of the latter's protest that the proceedings were done by constraint, and also of various revocations and regrants, kept a hold on the earldom and bishopric of Orkney till his death. He was accused in 1571 of treason, having had intrigues with the King of Denmark relative to his islands, was imprisoned by the Regent Morton, and remained in ward until the latter's resignation. In September 1572 he received from Bishop Bothwell three charters of the lands of the bishopric to himself and his wife Jean Kennedy in liferent, and to Henry, their eldest lawful son, whom failing, to Patrick Stewart, his brothergerman, whom failing, to Lord Robert himself, whom failing, to Robert, his natural son, whom failing, to James Stewart, also a natural son, with a remainder to other persons named. He had the satisfaction of assisting at Morton's fall, conveying him to prison. By his nephew King James VI. he was, on 28 October 1581 created Earl of Orkney and Lord of Zetland, with remainder to the heirs of his body, legitimately born, whom failing, to the King. He obtained another entail of the earldom of Orkney, 9 June 1585, and died 4 February 1592-93. He married in 1561 Jean Kennedy, eldest daughter of Gilbert, third Earl of Oassillis, and had issue: 1. Henry, Master of Orkney, mentioned in the entail of the earldom 9 June 1585. He predeceased his father before 1590, when his brother Patrick is styled Master of Orkney. 2. Patrick, his successor. 3. John, created Lord Kinclaven and Earl of Carrick. (See the latter title.) 4. Sir James Stewart of Eday and Tullos, Gentleman of the Bedchamber to King James vi. In spite of the misleading footnote in Wood's Douglas, he was a legitimate son, and is, 1584, described as brother-german of Henry and Patrick, third born. His brother's downfall involved him in difficulties, and he and his eldest son had a protection from their creditors in 1635. He and his wife Margaret Lyon, in 1625, obtained a grant of £900 Scots 'in commiseration of their poore and indigent estate. They had issue:—(1) Colonel Robert Stewart of Eday, ancestor of that family in Orkney. Heirs to the earldom except for the attainder. (2) Colonel John Stewart of Newark, who left issue. (3) Mary, married (contract 1639) to Alexander Bothwell of Glencorse. (4) Margaret. (5) Jean, married, first, to Major George Crichton of Abekie; secondly, to Frederick Lyon of Brigtoun. 5. Sir Robert Stewart of Middleton, described in 1584 as brother-german of Henry, Patrick, and James, and fourth born. He was at one time abroad, and secretary to the Vice-Chancellor of Poland, and then in Ireland. King James VI. wrote to one Stallenge to commend his suit for Elizabeth, daughter of Christopher Kenne, his ward, 14 April 1604. 6. Marie, married (contract 25 November 1585) to Patrick, sixth Lord Gray, as his second wife. 7. Jean, married, first, to Patrick, first Lord Lindores; and secondly, as third wife, to Robert, first Lord Melville of Raith. She survived him, and was alive in 1642. 8. Elizabeth, married to James Sinclair of Murkle, second son of John, Master of Caithness. 9. Barbara, stated to have been married to Hugh or Harry Halcro of Halcro in Orkney.

Earl Robert had a large number of illegitimate children. 1. Robert Stewart, who was legitimated. He is usually named before his brother James, and they are first named in 1566 in a grant to their brother Henry and two sisters, being carefully distinguished as natural sons. 2. James Stewart, who was also legitimated. He received with his brother Robert in 1574 provision out of the teinds of Holyroodhouse. It is exceedingly difficult to disentangle the history of these legitimated sons from those of their lawful brothers of the same name. 3. James Stewart of Graemsay in Orkney (his mother said to be Janet Robertson of Strowan), who was implicated in his father's treasonable intrigues with Denmark. 4. William Stewart of Egilshay, summoned 1600 to find caution for appearance at trial 'for the schamefull and cruell murther of Bellenden, his first spouse.' He was later a colonel in the Swedish service in 1609. 5. George Stewart of Eynhallow, legitimated 29 November 1586. His mother, and the mother of Edward and David was Marjorie Sandilands, wife of Adam Gordon, brother of John Gordon of Avachie. He had in 1584 been included in the provision out of the teinds of Holyroodhouse, and in 1585 was in the entail of the earldom of Orkney and lordship of Zetland. He had a number of lands, afterwards erected into the tenandry of Brugh, and was dead before 30 March 1616. 6. Edward Stewart of Brugh, ancestor of that family. He held the half of the lands of Brugh, and succeeded to his brother George before 30 March 1616. 7. David Stewart of How. 8. Christian married to John Mouat of Hougaland in Shetland, and, as his widow, was living, and in feud with her brother-in-law, in 1634. 9. Grizel, married before 27 December 1591 to Hugh Sinclair of Brugh in Shetland. 10. Mary, said to have been married to Lawrence Sinclair of Goat, in Shetland.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Robert Stewart). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Jean Kennedy in 1561. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 7 Dec 1542, Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland

Mary married Françoise II, King of France on 24 Apr 1558 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Françoise (son of Henri II, King of France and Catherine de Medici) died on 5 Dec 1560 in Orléans, Loiret, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Henry Stewart on 29 Jul 1565 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Henry (son of Matthew Stewart and Margaret Douglas) was born on 7 Dec 1545 in Temple Newsam, Yorkshire, England; died on 10 Feb 1567 in Kirk o' Field, outside Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in Chapel Royal, Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married James Hepburn on 15 May 1567 in Holyrood Chapel, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of Patrick Hepburn and Agnes Sinclair) was born before 1536. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Taughboyne (Monreagh), Donegal, Ireland
• Alternate death: 8 Jan 1688

Notes:

His gravestone at Taughboyne reads:

HIC IACET CORPUS M----- IOANNIS HART ILLUSTRISSO STEMMATE ORIUNDI PASTO[RIS] VIGILANTIS PIENTISS [PHI]LOSOPHI THEOLOGI EXIMII QUI CHRISTUM PRAEDICANDO ECCLES TABOYNENSI MAG CUM FR[UI] TU SUPRA 30 ANNOS SUDAVIT ED MULTA PROPT[ER] CRISTUM PASSUS TANDEM MATURAM ANIMAM DEO ED DIDIT AETAT 70 IAN 8 AN 1687

(Here lieth the body of Master John Hart of noble descent, a watchful pastor, a devout philosopher, a distinguished divine, who labored for over 30 years preaching Christ with much success in the church of Taughboyne, and after much suffering for Christ's sake at length gave up his ripened spirit to God on 8th January 1687 aged 70 years.)

Much documentation for the life of the Rev. John Heart/Hart, compiled by Janet Wolfe, can be found here.

It had long been noted that "David Heart of Rusland, William and Mr. John Heart, his sons" witnessed a charter by Mr. Patrick Grahame of Rothisholm, dated at Kirkwall (in the Orkney islands), 8 Feb 1638. (Calendar of the Laing Charters, citation details below, pp. 529-30.) But then:

Jan Wolfe, on soc.genealogy.medieval, 9 May 2017:

Document SC11/5/1644/11, held at the Orkney Archives, is the marriage agreement, dated 21 February 1644, for Margaret Heart, daughter of David Heart and Jean Mowat, and James Grahame. The NAS catalog description is here:

http://catalogue.nrscotland.gov.uk/nrsonlinecatalogue/details.aspx?reference=SC11/5/1644/11

I recently ordered an image of this document from the Orkney Archives.

The contract specifies that James Grahame's part of the agreement is to be done by the "advyse of the said Dauid Heart if he sall be on lyff And failyeing of him throw deceas be the advyse of the said [William] Heart his eldest sone and of Mr John Heart Minister his secund sone or ather of thame."

With this evidence, I think that we can now confidently identify the parents of John Heart as David Heart and Jean Mowat. Jean's mother, Christian Stewart, was a daughter of Earl Robert Stewart of Orkney, and Robert was a son of King James V of Scotland by Euphame Elphinstone.

John Heart, who received his M.A. at St. Andrews in May, 1637, was ordained at Crail on March 22, 1643.

Agnes Heart, daughter of John Heart and Agnes Baxter, married Robert Craighead. Their children include colonial immigrants Thomas Craighead, husband of Margaret Wallace, and Katherine Craighead, wife of William Homes. Thomas and William were both Presbyterian ministers. Thomas and Margaret lived in Freetown, Bristol County, Massachusetts, and then in Pennsylvania. Katherine and William lived in Chilmark, Dukes County, Massachusetts (on Martha's Vineyard) where William was the minister from the fall of 1715 until his death in 1746.

From "Fasti of the Irish Presbyterian Church" (citation details below):

HART, JOHN: b. Scotland; educ. St. Andrews; M.A. (St. And.) 1637; ord. at Crail, 22 March 1642/3; mar. 1644, Agnes Baxter; res. 1646; inst. Dunino, 30 Dec. 1646; res. 1650; inst. Dunkeld, 1650; joined the Protesters 1651, and was dep. 1652; inst. Hamilton (2nd charge), 23 Jan. 1653. In Oct. 1655, a Commissr. from Taughboyne appeared at the Syn. of Glasgow and Ayr with a call to Mr. Hart. Inst. Taughboyne (Monreagh) 1656. Recd. £150 a year as from 29 Sept. last, from the Protectorate on the petition of the inhabitants and report of Drs. Winter and Harrison, and Mr. Mather as to his piety, etc., and that he had been there near half a year and had a great charge of children (25 March 1656). Dep. for non-conformity, 1661, but continued to minister.

On a visit to Dublin in the winter of 1662/3 some of those engaged in Blood's Plot applied to Mr. Hart for his concurrence. When examined later as to his complicity he incautiously dropped a word that brought trouble to Mr. Thos. Boyd, M.P. for Bangor. In vindicating himself he said that when the plot was revealed to him he expressed his abhorrence, as Mr. Boyd in Dublin knew. This led to Mr. Boyd's arrest and subsequent expulsion from the House of Commons. Hart seems to have been liberated on bail to appear when called upon. Excommunicated and imprisoned in Lifford, 1664-70, for disobeying a summons, issued by Robt. Leslie, Bp. of Raphoe, to appear before his court. Fined 20 and imprisoned 8 months for his connexion with a Fast (17 Feb. 1681), appointed by Laggan Presby.

Died 8 Jan. 1687, aged 70; int. at Taughboyne.

John married Agnes Baxter on 2 Apr 1644 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Agnes (daughter of William Baxter and Catharine Downie) was born before 15 Feb 1619; was christened on 15 Feb 1619 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; died before 21 May 1689; was buried on 21 May 1689 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Catherine of Braganza, Queen Consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 21 May 1662 in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. Catherine was born on 25 Nov 1638 in Vila Viçosam Alentejo, Portugal; died on 31 Dec 1705 in Bemposta, Portugal; was buried in Belem, near Lisbon, Portugal. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Anne Hyde on 3 Sep 1660. Anne was born on 12 Mar 1637 in Cranbourne Lodge, Windsor, Berkshire, England; died on 30 Mar 1671 in St. James's Palace, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Modena, Queen Consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 20 Sep 1673 in Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy. Mary was born on 25 Sep 1658 in Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy; died on 26 Apr 1718 in Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Paris, France; was buried in Convent of the Visitation at Chaillot, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Anne of Denmark, Queen Consort of Scotland; Queen Consort of England and Ireland on 23 Nov 1589 in Oslo, Norway. Anne (daughter of Frederik II, King of Denmark and Norway and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow) was born on 12 Oct 1574 in Skanderborg Castle, Skanderborg, Denmark; died on 2 Mar 1619 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jean married David Heart before Oct 1615. David was born in of Rusland, Harray, Orkney, Scotland; died after 8 Mar 1656. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Henrietta Maria of France, Queen Consort of England on 13 Jun 1625 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Henrietta (daughter of Henri IV, King of France and Navarre and Maria de' Medici) was born on 26 Nov 1609 in Louvre, Paris, France; died on 31 Aug 1669 in Château de Colombes, Colombes, France; was buried in St.-Denis, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft Nov 1633

Notes:

For an account of the complaint she presented to the Privy Council in 1634, see the entry for her husband John Mowat.

Family/Spouse: John Mowat. John (son of Andrew Mowat and Ursula Tulloch) was born in of Hugoland in Northmaven, Shetland, Scotland; died in Aug 1617. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Rev. Robert Craighead about 1668. Robert was born about 1633; died on 22 Aug 1711 in Londonderry, Londonderry, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Henrietta Maria of France, Queen Consort of England on 13 Jun 1625 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Henrietta (daughter of Henri IV, King of France and Navarre and Maria de' Medici) was born on 26 Nov 1609 in Louvre, Paris, France; died on 31 Aug 1669 in Château de Colombes, Colombes, France; was buried in St.-Denis, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Taughboyne (Monreagh), Donegal, Ireland
• Alternate death: 8 Jan 1688

Notes:

His gravestone at Taughboyne reads:

HIC IACET CORPUS M----- IOANNIS HART ILLUSTRISSO STEMMATE ORIUNDI PASTO[RIS] VIGILANTIS PIENTISS [PHI]LOSOPHI THEOLOGI EXIMII QUI CHRISTUM PRAEDICANDO ECCLES TABOYNENSI MAG CUM FR[UI] TU SUPRA 30 ANNOS SUDAVIT ED MULTA PROPT[ER] CRISTUM PASSUS TANDEM MATURAM ANIMAM DEO ED DIDIT AETAT 70 IAN 8 AN 1687

(Here lieth the body of Master John Hart of noble descent, a watchful pastor, a devout philosopher, a distinguished divine, who labored for over 30 years preaching Christ with much success in the church of Taughboyne, and after much suffering for Christ's sake at length gave up his ripened spirit to God on 8th January 1687 aged 70 years.)

Much documentation for the life of the Rev. John Heart/Hart, compiled by Janet Wolfe, can be found here.

It had long been noted that "David Heart of Rusland, William and Mr. John Heart, his sons" witnessed a charter by Mr. Patrick Grahame of Rothisholm, dated at Kirkwall (in the Orkney islands), 8 Feb 1638. (Calendar of the Laing Charters, citation details below, pp. 529-30.) But then:

Jan Wolfe, on soc.genealogy.medieval, 9 May 2017:

Document SC11/5/1644/11, held at the Orkney Archives, is the marriage agreement, dated 21 February 1644, for Margaret Heart, daughter of David Heart and Jean Mowat, and James Grahame. The NAS catalog description is here:

http://catalogue.nrscotland.gov.uk/nrsonlinecatalogue/details.aspx?reference=SC11/5/1644/11

I recently ordered an image of this document from the Orkney Archives.

The contract specifies that James Grahame's part of the agreement is to be done by the "advyse of the said Dauid Heart if he sall be on lyff And failyeing of him throw deceas be the advyse of the said [William] Heart his eldest sone and of Mr John Heart Minister his secund sone or ather of thame."

With this evidence, I think that we can now confidently identify the parents of John Heart as David Heart and Jean Mowat. Jean's mother, Christian Stewart, was a daughter of Earl Robert Stewart of Orkney, and Robert was a son of King James V of Scotland by Euphame Elphinstone.

John Heart, who received his M.A. at St. Andrews in May, 1637, was ordained at Crail on March 22, 1643.

Agnes Heart, daughter of John Heart and Agnes Baxter, married Robert Craighead. Their children include colonial immigrants Thomas Craighead, husband of Margaret Wallace, and Katherine Craighead, wife of William Homes. Thomas and William were both Presbyterian ministers. Thomas and Margaret lived in Freetown, Bristol County, Massachusetts, and then in Pennsylvania. Katherine and William lived in Chilmark, Dukes County, Massachusetts (on Martha's Vineyard) where William was the minister from the fall of 1715 until his death in 1746.

From "Fasti of the Irish Presbyterian Church" (citation details below):

HART, JOHN: b. Scotland; educ. St. Andrews; M.A. (St. And.) 1637; ord. at Crail, 22 March 1642/3; mar. 1644, Agnes Baxter; res. 1646; inst. Dunino, 30 Dec. 1646; res. 1650; inst. Dunkeld, 1650; joined the Protesters 1651, and was dep. 1652; inst. Hamilton (2nd charge), 23 Jan. 1653. In Oct. 1655, a Commissr. from Taughboyne appeared at the Syn. of Glasgow and Ayr with a call to Mr. Hart. Inst. Taughboyne (Monreagh) 1656. Recd. £150 a year as from 29 Sept. last, from the Protectorate on the petition of the inhabitants and report of Drs. Winter and Harrison, and Mr. Mather as to his piety, etc., and that he had been there near half a year and had a great charge of children (25 March 1656). Dep. for non-conformity, 1661, but continued to minister.

On a visit to Dublin in the winter of 1662/3 some of those engaged in Blood's Plot applied to Mr. Hart for his concurrence. When examined later as to his complicity he incautiously dropped a word that brought trouble to Mr. Thos. Boyd, M.P. for Bangor. In vindicating himself he said that when the plot was revealed to him he expressed his abhorrence, as Mr. Boyd in Dublin knew. This led to Mr. Boyd's arrest and subsequent expulsion from the House of Commons. Hart seems to have been liberated on bail to appear when called upon. Excommunicated and imprisoned in Lifford, 1664-70, for disobeying a summons, issued by Robt. Leslie, Bp. of Raphoe, to appear before his court. Fined 20 and imprisoned 8 months for his connexion with a Fast (17 Feb. 1681), appointed by Laggan Presby.

Died 8 Jan. 1687, aged 70; int. at Taughboyne.

John married Agnes Baxter on 2 Apr 1644 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Agnes (daughter of William Baxter and Catharine Downie) was born before 15 Feb 1619; was christened on 15 Feb 1619 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; died before 21 May 1689; was buried on 21 May 1689 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Catherine of Braganza, Queen Consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 21 May 1662 in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. Catherine was born on 25 Nov 1638 in Vila Viçosam Alentejo, Portugal; died on 31 Dec 1705 in Bemposta, Portugal; was buried in Belem, near Lisbon, Portugal. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Anne Hyde on 3 Sep 1660. Anne was born on 12 Mar 1637 in Cranbourne Lodge, Windsor, Berkshire, England; died on 30 Mar 1671 in St. James's Palace, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Modena, Queen Consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 20 Sep 1673 in Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy. Mary was born on 25 Sep 1658 in Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy; died on 26 Apr 1718 in Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Paris, France; was buried in Convent of the Visitation at Chaillot, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jean married David Heart before Oct 1615. David was born in of Rusland, Harray, Orkney, Scotland; died after 8 Mar 1656. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors." He arrived, with his sister Katherine (also an ancestor of TWK), at Boston in October 1714, on the Thomas and Jane out of Londonderry, William Wilson, master.

M.A., University of Edinburgh, 28 Jul 1691.

From The Craighead Family, citation details below:

Thomas was educated in Scotland as a physician, and married the daughter of a Scotch laird. After practicing medicine for a time, he became much depressed in spirits, and his wife inquiring the cause, he informed her that his conscience upbraided him for not preaching the Gospel. She at once assured him, that she would not stand in the way of what he considered his duty. Accordingly, he soon after abandoned the practice of medicine, studied divinity, and was a pastor for several years in Ireland, principally at Donegal. In consequence, however, of the oppressions endured by the Presbyterians of that countiy from the government and from the Established Church, and their past experience giving them but little hope of any permanent relief, large numbers of the people determined to emigrate to America.

Among these emigrants was Thomas Craighead, who came to New England in 1715, accompanied by Rev. William Homes, who was married to Mr. Craighead's sister Catharine. Mr. Homes settled at Martha's Vineyard, and is buried with his wife, at Chilmark. Their eldest son Robert was a sea-captain, resided in Boston, and married Mary, a sister of Benjamin Franklin.

The first public mention made of Thomas Craighead in this country is by Cotton Mather, who speaks of him as preaching at Freetown, which was about forty miles south of Boston, and urges the people to do all in their power to have him settle among them. He appears to have been a relative of Mr. Hathaway, of that town, and probably had gone there in the first instance at that gentleman's invitation. Mather writing to a friend entreats the people "to give a demonstration of the wisdom that is from above," by encouraging Mr. Craighead in his work, and says, "That he was a man of an excellent spirit, and a great blessing to the plantation; a man of singular piety, meekness, humility, and industry in the work of God. All that are acquainted with him have a precious esteem of him, and if he should be driven from among you, it would be such a damage, yea, such a ruin, as is not without horror to be thought of."

The efforts made for his settlement in Freetown were unsuccessful, for we find a notice in President Stiles's papers of his coming "to the Jerseys" in the spring of 1723. Whether he came direct from this town, or preached in other places in New England previous to his removal, we cannot now determine. On page one hundred and ninety-five of the New England Historical Register we have an extract from the diary of Jeremiah Bumstead, which refers to a meeting held in the Old South Church, Boston, June 19th, 1722, at which Mr. Craighead officiated. In the year 1724 (January 28th) he became a member of New Castle Presbytery, which at that period included portions of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, and is spoken of in the minutes as having "lately come from New England." He received a call from White Clay Creek, Delaware, in February of the same year, and accepted it on the condition that he should have the privilege of preaching every third Sabbath at Brandywine. He was installed September 22d, 1724, and continued his ministry with this people for a period of seven years. According to the Records of the Presbyterian Church, 1706-1788, he was Moderator of the Synod in 1726, and was present at the formal adoption of the Westminster Confession and Catechisms, as also of the Explanation of the Adopting Act.

Mr. Craighead removed to Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in 1733, and September 3d of the same year, united with Donegal Presbytery, when a call was placed in his hands from the Church at Pequea. This he accepted, and was installed pastor October 31st, Rev. Mr. Anderson presiding. The Presbytery in its minutes always speaks of him as "Father Craighead," either out of respect and veneration for his years, or from a special affection for him. That he was respected for his talents and learning, and loved for his genial spirit and piety, there are abundant proofs. He was very active in planting and building up churches in the region. "His preaching was remarkably fervent, and often attended with revivals. His theology was strictly conformed to the Westminster Confession, for which he displayed a special attachment, and which he was the first to subscribe, both in New Castle and Donegal Presbyteries."

While pastor at Pequea, in the spring of 1736, the session of the Church complained to the Presbytery because Mr. Craighead debarred his wife from the communion table. The matter was fully considered during its next session, and as there were no hopes of settling the difficulty, Presbytery in September judged it expedient to dissolve the pastoral relation. At the same meeting Mr. Craighead was appointed by the Presbytery to supply "the people of the Conodoguinet," by which was meant the congregation whose place of worship was at Meeting House Springs, from one to two miles northwest of Carlisle, in Cumberland County. After fulfilling this appointment, and a subsequent one at Hopewell, he received a call from the latter people, which he desired to accept; but as there were difficulties respecting "the boundaries" between this congregation and that of Pennsborough, action in the case was delayed. He, in the meantime, supplied the church at Hopewell, whose place of meeting was at "the Big Spring," now Newville.

The same difficulty which had interfered with his usefulness in his last charge followed him to Hopewell, and was again fully considered at two successive meetings of Presbytery. Both Mr. Craighead and his wife appeared before that body. The former finally consented that the session should allow his wife to come to the Lord's table; and the latter stated that "she had nothing to complain of against her husband except this single act, and that he had uniformly treated her with kindness." By this means the trouble was amicably settled--a trouble which probably arose from there being two families in the same house; for the Presbytery, in consenting to withdraw all action in the case, instructed him that "his son John and family must no longer continue to live with him."

Presbytery declaring itself satisfied with this settlement of the domestic
difficulty, and the boundary between the congregations of Pennsborough and Hopewell being fixed, the latter renewed their call, which was accepted, Nov. 16th, 1737. The installation was ordered to take place "at some convenient time before the next stated meeting," and occurred October, 1738, his son, Rev. Alexander Craighead, conducting the services on the occasion.

Mr. Craighead's pastorate at Newville, however, was of only a short duration. He was now far advanced in life, though his earnestness and power remained unabated. A descendant of his (Mr. Thomas Craighead, formerly of Whitehill, Pa.) states, that under his impassioned sermons not infrequently his audience would be melted to tears, and the emotions of his hearers became so intense that they were unwilling to disperse at the proper time. On one of these occasions, near the close of April, 1739, he became exhausted, and hastened to pronounce the benediction; and waving his hand he exclaimed, "Farewell! farewell!" and sank down and expired in the pulpit. His remains are said to have been placed under the corner-stone of the present house of worship at Newville.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Wallace. Margaret (daughter of Michael Wallace and Barbara Cunningham) was born about 1664; died in 1738 in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware; was buried in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1672

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors." She arrived, with her brother Thomas (also an ancestor of TWK), at Boston in October 1714, on the Thomas and Jane out of Londonderry, William Wilson, master.

There are several places in Ireland called Donaghmore, Donoughmore, or Domhnach Mór -- the latter is simply Irish for "big church." Notwithstanding some online sources that give her birthplace as Donoughmore in county Cork, she was clearly born in Donoughmore in county Donegal, where her father was the Presbyterian minister from 1658 to 1688.

Katherine married Rev. William Homes on 26 Sep 1693 in Londonderry, Londonderry, Ireland. William (son of John Homes) was born about 1663 in Donaghmore, Donegal, Ireland; died on 20 Jun 1746 in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts; was buried in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Catherine of Braganza, Queen Consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 21 May 1662 in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. Catherine was born on 25 Nov 1638 in Vila Viçosam Alentejo, Portugal; died on 31 Dec 1705 in Bemposta, Portugal; was buried in Belem, near Lisbon, Portugal. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Anne Hyde on 3 Sep 1660. Anne was born on 12 Mar 1637 in Cranbourne Lodge, Windsor, Berkshire, England; died on 30 Mar 1671 in St. James's Palace, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Modena, Queen Consort of England, Scotland, and Ireland on 20 Sep 1673 in Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy. Mary was born on 25 Sep 1658 in Palazzo Ducale, Modena, Italy; died on 26 Apr 1718 in Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Paris, France; was buried in Convent of the Visitation at Chaillot, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Rev. Robert Craighead about 1668. Robert was born about 1633; died on 22 Aug 1711 in Londonderry, Londonderry, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Taughboyne (Monreagh), Donegal, Ireland
• Alternate death: 8 Jan 1688

Notes:

His gravestone at Taughboyne reads:

HIC IACET CORPUS M----- IOANNIS HART ILLUSTRISSO STEMMATE ORIUNDI PASTO[RIS] VIGILANTIS PIENTISS [PHI]LOSOPHI THEOLOGI EXIMII QUI CHRISTUM PRAEDICANDO ECCLES TABOYNENSI MAG CUM FR[UI] TU SUPRA 30 ANNOS SUDAVIT ED MULTA PROPT[ER] CRISTUM PASSUS TANDEM MATURAM ANIMAM DEO ED DIDIT AETAT 70 IAN 8 AN 1687

(Here lieth the body of Master John Hart of noble descent, a watchful pastor, a devout philosopher, a distinguished divine, who labored for over 30 years preaching Christ with much success in the church of Taughboyne, and after much suffering for Christ's sake at length gave up his ripened spirit to God on 8th January 1687 aged 70 years.)

Much documentation for the life of the Rev. John Heart/Hart, compiled by Janet Wolfe, can be found here.

It had long been noted that "David Heart of Rusland, William and Mr. John Heart, his sons" witnessed a charter by Mr. Patrick Grahame of Rothisholm, dated at Kirkwall (in the Orkney islands), 8 Feb 1638. (Calendar of the Laing Charters, citation details below, pp. 529-30.) But then:

Jan Wolfe, on soc.genealogy.medieval, 9 May 2017:

Document SC11/5/1644/11, held at the Orkney Archives, is the marriage agreement, dated 21 February 1644, for Margaret Heart, daughter of David Heart and Jean Mowat, and James Grahame. The NAS catalog description is here:

http://catalogue.nrscotland.gov.uk/nrsonlinecatalogue/details.aspx?reference=SC11/5/1644/11

I recently ordered an image of this document from the Orkney Archives.

The contract specifies that James Grahame's part of the agreement is to be done by the "advyse of the said Dauid Heart if he sall be on lyff And failyeing of him throw deceas be the advyse of the said [William] Heart his eldest sone and of Mr John Heart Minister his secund sone or ather of thame."

With this evidence, I think that we can now confidently identify the parents of John Heart as David Heart and Jean Mowat. Jean's mother, Christian Stewart, was a daughter of Earl Robert Stewart of Orkney, and Robert was a son of King James V of Scotland by Euphame Elphinstone.

John Heart, who received his M.A. at St. Andrews in May, 1637, was ordained at Crail on March 22, 1643.

Agnes Heart, daughter of John Heart and Agnes Baxter, married Robert Craighead. Their children include colonial immigrants Thomas Craighead, husband of Margaret Wallace, and Katherine Craighead, wife of William Homes. Thomas and William were both Presbyterian ministers. Thomas and Margaret lived in Freetown, Bristol County, Massachusetts, and then in Pennsylvania. Katherine and William lived in Chilmark, Dukes County, Massachusetts (on Martha's Vineyard) where William was the minister from the fall of 1715 until his death in 1746.

From "Fasti of the Irish Presbyterian Church" (citation details below):

HART, JOHN: b. Scotland; educ. St. Andrews; M.A. (St. And.) 1637; ord. at Crail, 22 March 1642/3; mar. 1644, Agnes Baxter; res. 1646; inst. Dunino, 30 Dec. 1646; res. 1650; inst. Dunkeld, 1650; joined the Protesters 1651, and was dep. 1652; inst. Hamilton (2nd charge), 23 Jan. 1653. In Oct. 1655, a Commissr. from Taughboyne appeared at the Syn. of Glasgow and Ayr with a call to Mr. Hart. Inst. Taughboyne (Monreagh) 1656. Recd. £150 a year as from 29 Sept. last, from the Protectorate on the petition of the inhabitants and report of Drs. Winter and Harrison, and Mr. Mather as to his piety, etc., and that he had been there near half a year and had a great charge of children (25 March 1656). Dep. for non-conformity, 1661, but continued to minister.

On a visit to Dublin in the winter of 1662/3 some of those engaged in Blood's Plot applied to Mr. Hart for his concurrence. When examined later as to his complicity he incautiously dropped a word that brought trouble to Mr. Thos. Boyd, M.P. for Bangor. In vindicating himself he said that when the plot was revealed to him he expressed his abhorrence, as Mr. Boyd in Dublin knew. This led to Mr. Boyd's arrest and subsequent expulsion from the House of Commons. Hart seems to have been liberated on bail to appear when called upon. Excommunicated and imprisoned in Lifford, 1664-70, for disobeying a summons, issued by Robt. Leslie, Bp. of Raphoe, to appear before his court. Fined 20 and imprisoned 8 months for his connexion with a Fast (17 Feb. 1681), appointed by Laggan Presby.

Died 8 Jan. 1687, aged 70; int. at Taughboyne.

John married Agnes Baxter on 2 Apr 1644 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Agnes (daughter of William Baxter and Catharine Downie) was born before 15 Feb 1619; was christened on 15 Feb 1619 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; died before 21 May 1689; was buried on 21 May 1689 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Margaret Brownnear Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Margaret (daughter of George Brown and Margaret Macky) was born in 1702 in Ireland; died on 13 Sep 1765; was buried in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Assumed to have been lost at sea in about 1727.

"May 15 1726. I heard this day from son Robert and understood that he has sold his sloop and designs to settle on shore and leave off the sea." ["Holmes, William. Diary." Manuscript digitized at the Congregational Library and Archives. 15 May 1726 entry on manuscript page 126 (click on the "close and view content" button on the lower right). Thanks to Jan Wolfe for finding this.]

"October 22. 1727. I heard the melancholy news of son Robert's death, but had no account of the circumstances of it." ["Diary of Reverend William Homes", citation details below]

Robert Homes is mentioned several times in the autobiography of his brother-in-law Benjamin Franklin, who consistently spells his last name "Holmes." Those instances are reproduced here on Janet and Robert Wolfe's (excellent) genealogy site.

Robert married Mary Franklin on 3 Apr 1716 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Mary (daughter of Josiah Franklin and Abiah Folger) was born on 26 Sep 1694 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was christened on 30 Sep 1695 in Old South Church, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died in 1731 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Allen. John (son of James Allen and Elizabeth Partridge) was born about 1682 in West Tisbury, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts; died on 17 Oct 1767 in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors." He arrived, with his sister Katherine (also an ancestor of TWK), at Boston in October 1714, on the Thomas and Jane out of Londonderry, William Wilson, master.

M.A., University of Edinburgh, 28 Jul 1691.

From The Craighead Family, citation details below:

Thomas was educated in Scotland as a physician, and married the daughter of a Scotch laird. After practicing medicine for a time, he became much depressed in spirits, and his wife inquiring the cause, he informed her that his conscience upbraided him for not preaching the Gospel. She at once assured him, that she would not stand in the way of what he considered his duty. Accordingly, he soon after abandoned the practice of medicine, studied divinity, and was a pastor for several years in Ireland, principally at Donegal. In consequence, however, of the oppressions endured by the Presbyterians of that countiy from the government and from the Established Church, and their past experience giving them but little hope of any permanent relief, large numbers of the people determined to emigrate to America.

Among these emigrants was Thomas Craighead, who came to New England in 1715, accompanied by Rev. William Homes, who was married to Mr. Craighead's sister Catharine. Mr. Homes settled at Martha's Vineyard, and is buried with his wife, at Chilmark. Their eldest son Robert was a sea-captain, resided in Boston, and married Mary, a sister of Benjamin Franklin.

The first public mention made of Thomas Craighead in this country is by Cotton Mather, who speaks of him as preaching at Freetown, which was about forty miles south of Boston, and urges the people to do all in their power to have him settle among them. He appears to have been a relative of Mr. Hathaway, of that town, and probably had gone there in the first instance at that gentleman's invitation. Mather writing to a friend entreats the people "to give a demonstration of the wisdom that is from above," by encouraging Mr. Craighead in his work, and says, "That he was a man of an excellent spirit, and a great blessing to the plantation; a man of singular piety, meekness, humility, and industry in the work of God. All that are acquainted with him have a precious esteem of him, and if he should be driven from among you, it would be such a damage, yea, such a ruin, as is not without horror to be thought of."

The efforts made for his settlement in Freetown were unsuccessful, for we find a notice in President Stiles's papers of his coming "to the Jerseys" in the spring of 1723. Whether he came direct from this town, or preached in other places in New England previous to his removal, we cannot now determine. On page one hundred and ninety-five of the New England Historical Register we have an extract from the diary of Jeremiah Bumstead, which refers to a meeting held in the Old South Church, Boston, June 19th, 1722, at which Mr. Craighead officiated. In the year 1724 (January 28th) he became a member of New Castle Presbytery, which at that period included portions of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, and is spoken of in the minutes as having "lately come from New England." He received a call from White Clay Creek, Delaware, in February of the same year, and accepted it on the condition that he should have the privilege of preaching every third Sabbath at Brandywine. He was installed September 22d, 1724, and continued his ministry with this people for a period of seven years. According to the Records of the Presbyterian Church, 1706-1788, he was Moderator of the Synod in 1726, and was present at the formal adoption of the Westminster Confession and Catechisms, as also of the Explanation of the Adopting Act.

Mr. Craighead removed to Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in 1733, and September 3d of the same year, united with Donegal Presbytery, when a call was placed in his hands from the Church at Pequea. This he accepted, and was installed pastor October 31st, Rev. Mr. Anderson presiding. The Presbytery in its minutes always speaks of him as "Father Craighead," either out of respect and veneration for his years, or from a special affection for him. That he was respected for his talents and learning, and loved for his genial spirit and piety, there are abundant proofs. He was very active in planting and building up churches in the region. "His preaching was remarkably fervent, and often attended with revivals. His theology was strictly conformed to the Westminster Confession, for which he displayed a special attachment, and which he was the first to subscribe, both in New Castle and Donegal Presbyteries."

While pastor at Pequea, in the spring of 1736, the session of the Church complained to the Presbytery because Mr. Craighead debarred his wife from the communion table. The matter was fully considered during its next session, and as there were no hopes of settling the difficulty, Presbytery in September judged it expedient to dissolve the pastoral relation. At the same meeting Mr. Craighead was appointed by the Presbytery to supply "the people of the Conodoguinet," by which was meant the congregation whose place of worship was at Meeting House Springs, from one to two miles northwest of Carlisle, in Cumberland County. After fulfilling this appointment, and a subsequent one at Hopewell, he received a call from the latter people, which he desired to accept; but as there were difficulties respecting "the boundaries" between this congregation and that of Pennsborough, action in the case was delayed. He, in the meantime, supplied the church at Hopewell, whose place of meeting was at "the Big Spring," now Newville.

The same difficulty which had interfered with his usefulness in his last charge followed him to Hopewell, and was again fully considered at two successive meetings of Presbytery. Both Mr. Craighead and his wife appeared before that body. The former finally consented that the session should allow his wife to come to the Lord's table; and the latter stated that "she had nothing to complain of against her husband except this single act, and that he had uniformly treated her with kindness." By this means the trouble was amicably settled--a trouble which probably arose from there being two families in the same house; for the Presbytery, in consenting to withdraw all action in the case, instructed him that "his son John and family must no longer continue to live with him."

Presbytery declaring itself satisfied with this settlement of the domestic
difficulty, and the boundary between the congregations of Pennsborough and Hopewell being fixed, the latter renewed their call, which was accepted, Nov. 16th, 1737. The installation was ordered to take place "at some convenient time before the next stated meeting," and occurred October, 1738, his son, Rev. Alexander Craighead, conducting the services on the occasion.

Mr. Craighead's pastorate at Newville, however, was of only a short duration. He was now far advanced in life, though his earnestness and power remained unabated. A descendant of his (Mr. Thomas Craighead, formerly of Whitehill, Pa.) states, that under his impassioned sermons not infrequently his audience would be melted to tears, and the emotions of his hearers became so intense that they were unwilling to disperse at the proper time. On one of these occasions, near the close of April, 1739, he became exhausted, and hastened to pronounce the benediction; and waving his hand he exclaimed, "Farewell! farewell!" and sank down and expired in the pulpit. His remains are said to have been placed under the corner-stone of the present house of worship at Newville.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Wallace. Margaret (daughter of Michael Wallace and Barbara Cunningham) was born about 1664; died in 1738 in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware; was buried in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1672

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors." She arrived, with her brother Thomas (also an ancestor of TWK), at Boston in October 1714, on the Thomas and Jane out of Londonderry, William Wilson, master.

There are several places in Ireland called Donaghmore, Donoughmore, or Domhnach Mór -- the latter is simply Irish for "big church." Notwithstanding some online sources that give her birthplace as Donoughmore in county Cork, she was clearly born in Donoughmore in county Donegal, where her father was the Presbyterian minister from 1658 to 1688.

Katherine married Rev. William Homes on 26 Sep 1693 in Londonderry, Londonderry, Ireland. William (son of John Homes) was born about 1663 in Donaghmore, Donegal, Ireland; died on 20 Jun 1746 in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts; was buried in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Rev. Robert Craighead about 1668. Robert was born about 1633; died on 22 Aug 1711 in Londonderry, Londonderry, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Alice Craighead.

Family/Spouse: Rev. Alexander McDowell. Alexander (son of John McDowell) was born in 1721 in Gleno, Raloo, Antrim, Ireland; died on 13 Jan 1782; was buried in Stone Graveyard, Lewisville, Chester, Pennsylvania. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 10 Jan 1716, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts

Notes:

His grandfather William Homes wrote in his diary: "My Grand Son William Homes was born on Jan^y 10 1716/17 at 2 afternoon. He was baptized in the old north church by D^r Increase Mather the 13^th day of the same month."

He was a gold and silver smith. Described (by an unattributed source quoted in Lineage of the Bowens of Woodstock, Connecticut, citation details below, as "a man of tender conscience, good-tempered, and inclined to jocoseness," "thin, [with] large joints, [and] round-shouldered," and was "thought to bear a striking resemblance to his uncle, Benjamin Franklin."

Also according to Lineage of the Bowens of Woodstock, Connecticut, he was born in the same house where his famous uncle is said to have been born.

William married Rebecca Dawes on 24 Apr 1740 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Rebecca (daughter of Thomas Dawes and Sarah Story) was born on 9 Mar 1718 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was christened on 23 Mar 1718 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died in Jul 1786 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Zachariah Mayhew on 21 Nov 1738. Zachariah (son of Experience Mayhew and Remember Bourne) was born before 14 May 1718; died on 6 Mar 1806. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Margaret Brownnear Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Margaret (daughter of George Brown and Margaret Macky) was born in 1702 in Ireland; died on 13 Sep 1765; was buried in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Assumed to have been lost at sea in about 1727.

"May 15 1726. I heard this day from son Robert and understood that he has sold his sloop and designs to settle on shore and leave off the sea." ["Holmes, William. Diary." Manuscript digitized at the Congregational Library and Archives. 15 May 1726 entry on manuscript page 126 (click on the "close and view content" button on the lower right). Thanks to Jan Wolfe for finding this.]

"October 22. 1727. I heard the melancholy news of son Robert's death, but had no account of the circumstances of it." ["Diary of Reverend William Homes", citation details below]

Robert Homes is mentioned several times in the autobiography of his brother-in-law Benjamin Franklin, who consistently spells his last name "Holmes." Those instances are reproduced here on Janet and Robert Wolfe's (excellent) genealogy site.

Robert married Mary Franklin on 3 Apr 1716 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Mary (daughter of Josiah Franklin and Abiah Folger) was born on 26 Sep 1694 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was christened on 30 Sep 1695 in Old South Church, Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died in 1731 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Allen. John (son of James Allen and Elizabeth Partridge) was born about 1682 in West Tisbury, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts; died on 17 Oct 1767 in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors." He arrived, with his sister Katherine (also an ancestor of TWK), at Boston in October 1714, on the Thomas and Jane out of Londonderry, William Wilson, master.

M.A., University of Edinburgh, 28 Jul 1691.

From The Craighead Family, citation details below:

Thomas was educated in Scotland as a physician, and married the daughter of a Scotch laird. After practicing medicine for a time, he became much depressed in spirits, and his wife inquiring the cause, he informed her that his conscience upbraided him for not preaching the Gospel. She at once assured him, that she would not stand in the way of what he considered his duty. Accordingly, he soon after abandoned the practice of medicine, studied divinity, and was a pastor for several years in Ireland, principally at Donegal. In consequence, however, of the oppressions endured by the Presbyterians of that countiy from the government and from the Established Church, and their past experience giving them but little hope of any permanent relief, large numbers of the people determined to emigrate to America.

Among these emigrants was Thomas Craighead, who came to New England in 1715, accompanied by Rev. William Homes, who was married to Mr. Craighead's sister Catharine. Mr. Homes settled at Martha's Vineyard, and is buried with his wife, at Chilmark. Their eldest son Robert was a sea-captain, resided in Boston, and married Mary, a sister of Benjamin Franklin.

The first public mention made of Thomas Craighead in this country is by Cotton Mather, who speaks of him as preaching at Freetown, which was about forty miles south of Boston, and urges the people to do all in their power to have him settle among them. He appears to have been a relative of Mr. Hathaway, of that town, and probably had gone there in the first instance at that gentleman's invitation. Mather writing to a friend entreats the people "to give a demonstration of the wisdom that is from above," by encouraging Mr. Craighead in his work, and says, "That he was a man of an excellent spirit, and a great blessing to the plantation; a man of singular piety, meekness, humility, and industry in the work of God. All that are acquainted with him have a precious esteem of him, and if he should be driven from among you, it would be such a damage, yea, such a ruin, as is not without horror to be thought of."

The efforts made for his settlement in Freetown were unsuccessful, for we find a notice in President Stiles's papers of his coming "to the Jerseys" in the spring of 1723. Whether he came direct from this town, or preached in other places in New England previous to his removal, we cannot now determine. On page one hundred and ninety-five of the New England Historical Register we have an extract from the diary of Jeremiah Bumstead, which refers to a meeting held in the Old South Church, Boston, June 19th, 1722, at which Mr. Craighead officiated. In the year 1724 (January 28th) he became a member of New Castle Presbytery, which at that period included portions of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware, and is spoken of in the minutes as having "lately come from New England." He received a call from White Clay Creek, Delaware, in February of the same year, and accepted it on the condition that he should have the privilege of preaching every third Sabbath at Brandywine. He was installed September 22d, 1724, and continued his ministry with this people for a period of seven years. According to the Records of the Presbyterian Church, 1706-1788, he was Moderator of the Synod in 1726, and was present at the formal adoption of the Westminster Confession and Catechisms, as also of the Explanation of the Adopting Act.

Mr. Craighead removed to Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in 1733, and September 3d of the same year, united with Donegal Presbytery, when a call was placed in his hands from the Church at Pequea. This he accepted, and was installed pastor October 31st, Rev. Mr. Anderson presiding. The Presbytery in its minutes always speaks of him as "Father Craighead," either out of respect and veneration for his years, or from a special affection for him. That he was respected for his talents and learning, and loved for his genial spirit and piety, there are abundant proofs. He was very active in planting and building up churches in the region. "His preaching was remarkably fervent, and often attended with revivals. His theology was strictly conformed to the Westminster Confession, for which he displayed a special attachment, and which he was the first to subscribe, both in New Castle and Donegal Presbyteries."

While pastor at Pequea, in the spring of 1736, the session of the Church complained to the Presbytery because Mr. Craighead debarred his wife from the communion table. The matter was fully considered during its next session, and as there were no hopes of settling the difficulty, Presbytery in September judged it expedient to dissolve the pastoral relation. At the same meeting Mr. Craighead was appointed by the Presbytery to supply "the people of the Conodoguinet," by which was meant the congregation whose place of worship was at Meeting House Springs, from one to two miles northwest of Carlisle, in Cumberland County. After fulfilling this appointment, and a subsequent one at Hopewell, he received a call from the latter people, which he desired to accept; but as there were difficulties respecting "the boundaries" between this congregation and that of Pennsborough, action in the case was delayed. He, in the meantime, supplied the church at Hopewell, whose place of meeting was at "the Big Spring," now Newville.

The same difficulty which had interfered with his usefulness in his last charge followed him to Hopewell, and was again fully considered at two successive meetings of Presbytery. Both Mr. Craighead and his wife appeared before that body. The former finally consented that the session should allow his wife to come to the Lord's table; and the latter stated that "she had nothing to complain of against her husband except this single act, and that he had uniformly treated her with kindness." By this means the trouble was amicably settled--a trouble which probably arose from there being two families in the same house; for the Presbytery, in consenting to withdraw all action in the case, instructed him that "his son John and family must no longer continue to live with him."

Presbytery declaring itself satisfied with this settlement of the domestic
difficulty, and the boundary between the congregations of Pennsborough and Hopewell being fixed, the latter renewed their call, which was accepted, Nov. 16th, 1737. The installation was ordered to take place "at some convenient time before the next stated meeting," and occurred October, 1738, his son, Rev. Alexander Craighead, conducting the services on the occasion.

Mr. Craighead's pastorate at Newville, however, was of only a short duration. He was now far advanced in life, though his earnestness and power remained unabated. A descendant of his (Mr. Thomas Craighead, formerly of Whitehill, Pa.) states, that under his impassioned sermons not infrequently his audience would be melted to tears, and the emotions of his hearers became so intense that they were unwilling to disperse at the proper time. On one of these occasions, near the close of April, 1739, he became exhausted, and hastened to pronounce the benediction; and waving his hand he exclaimed, "Farewell! farewell!" and sank down and expired in the pulpit. His remains are said to have been placed under the corner-stone of the present house of worship at Newville.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Wallace. Margaret (daughter of Michael Wallace and Barbara Cunningham) was born about 1664; died in 1738 in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware; was buried in White Clay Creek, New Castle, Delaware. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1672

Notes:

One of TWK's twelve proven "gateway ancestors." She arrived, with her brother Thomas (also an ancestor of TWK), at Boston in October 1714, on the Thomas and Jane out of Londonderry, William Wilson, master.

There are several places in Ireland called Donaghmore, Donoughmore, or Domhnach Mór -- the latter is simply Irish for "big church." Notwithstanding some online sources that give her birthplace as Donoughmore in county Cork, she was clearly born in Donoughmore in county Donegal, where her father was the Presbyterian minister from 1658 to 1688.

Katherine married Rev. William Homes on 26 Sep 1693 in Londonderry, Londonderry, Ireland. William (son of John Homes) was born about 1663 in Donaghmore, Donegal, Ireland; died on 20 Jun 1746 in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts; was buried in Chilmark, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]