Clement Heigham

Family/Spouse: Matilda Cook. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1490, of Barrow Hall, Suffolk, England
• Alternate death: 9 Mar 1571

Notes:

Member of Parliament for Rye in Oct 1553, for Ipswich Apr 1554, for West Looe Nov 1554, and for Lancaster 1558. Chief baron of the exchequer Mar 1558 to Jan 1559. Speaker of the House of Commons, 1554. Knighted by Queen Mary.

From the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (citation details below):

Heigham, Sir Clement [...] judge and speaker of the House of Commons, was born towards the end of the fifteenth century, being the eldest son of Clement Heigham (d. 1500) of Lavenham, Suffolk, and Maud, daughter of Lawrence Cooke of the same place. Several members of the family were connected with the law, most notably Richard Heigham (d. 1500), serjeant-at-law, who had been a bencher of Lincoln's Inn in the time of Edward IV. Clement was admitted to Lincoln's Inn in 1517 and called to the bar in 1525. By 1528 he was chief bailiff of the abbey of Bury St Edmunds, and from 1529 until his death a justice of the peace for Suffolk. He was a bencher of the Middle Temple by 1534 and in 1538 gave his first reading on the statute De conjunctim feoffatis; he served as treasurer in 1540–41 and gave a second reading in 1548.

About 1520 Heigham married Anne, daughter of John Munnings of Semer Hall (or perhaps of Thomas Munnings of Bury), with whom he had five surviving daughters. Heigham leased the manor of Semer from the abbey of Bury, and purchased it after the dissolution. His second wife was Anne (1505–1589), daughter of George Waldegrave of Smallbridge, and widow of Henry Bures of Acton. From Thomas Wentworth, first Baron Wentworth, to whom he was distantly related by this marriage, he acquired in 1539 the manor of Barrow in Suffolk and built Barrow Hall, which survived until the early eighteenth century. An adherent of the Roman church, he came suddenly to prominence on the accession of Mary I, when he rallied behind the new regime, becoming a member of parliament in October 1553 and a member of the privy council the following May. In five years he sat for the four constituencies of Rye, Ipswich, West Looe, and Lancaster, and was active on committees and commissions. As speaker of the Commons in 1554–5 he presided over the restoration of papal authority in England, and was rewarded with a knighthood on 27 January 1555. According to Foxe, he was particularly zealous in the persecution of protestants.

On 2 March 1558 Heigham was appointed chief baron of the exchequer, the last occupant of that position who was not a serjeant; but he held the office for little more than eight months, until the queen's death in November. Some sources say that he was continued in office briefly by Elizabeth, but no patent has been found and it seems likely that he was the only judge not reappointed in 1558; his successor (Sir Edward Saunders) was appointed on 22 January 1559. Heigham retired to his seat at Barrow and slid back into obscurity, though he was permitted to remain an active county magistrate and retained his office of custos rotulorum. He died on 9 March 1571, and was commemorated in Barrow church by a canopied monument with brass figures of himself in armour between his two wives, and a long inscription. His eldest son, Sir John Heigham (1540–1626), was a member of parliament under Elizabeth I and James I.

From Wikipedia (accessed 25 May 2021):

Advancement to the summit of his career depended, for Heigham, upon the favour of Mary and her Chancellor, which came with expectations. Inevitably he was an instrument of their persecutions, and as a justice and magistrate he must frequently have given the first hearings to cases of religious delinquency. His reputation for severity towards common people as heretics seems borne out by a few stories in John Foxe's Acts and Monuments.

He was plunged directly into the full political force of Gardiner's intentions within hours of receiving his knighthood. On 28 and 29 January 1554/55 Heigham was in St Mary Overie where Stephen Gardiner with Edmund Bonner presided over a solemn company of the bishops, many lords, knights and others, to witness the public inquisition and excommunication of John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester. Hooper was condemned, sentenced and handed over to the Sheriffs of London for burning. Many, including Sir Clement Heigham and Sir Richard Dobbs, were required to witness the notarial certificate of the proceedings. John Rogers (Prebendary of St Paul's), Dr. Rowland Taylor and Laurence Saunders (brother of Sir Edward) were condemned in the same session: Hooper was burned on 9 February 1554/55. On 5 March 1555, Queen Mary rewarded Heigham for his loyalty to her at Framlingham, and for his services as Speaker, by the grant in chief of the reversion of the manor and rectory of Nedging, Suffolk, with its lands in Semer, Bildeston, Whatfield and Chelsworth.

Heigham was also on the Cambridge Castle Bench with Sir Robert Broke, Edward Griffith and others when Thomas Mountain, the troubled minister of Whittington College, was brought into the August sessions of 1555, after a long imprisonment, and was found to have no accusers. The County Sheriff for November 1554 to 1555, Sir Oliver Leader, spoke up for Mountain, and then said he had forgotten to bring with him the writ against the man. Griffith, in the meantime, was telling Mountain that he was a traitor and a heretic, and likely to be hanged. However without a writ or an accuser Broke and his fellow-justices were obliged in all equity to release Mountain on bail, which was immediately put up by his acquaintances, and he was later able to make an escape.

In Ipswich in summer 1555 Robert Samuel, a minister of East Bergholt, was imprisoned, and burnt at the stake on 31 August. During his confinement two devout women of reformist views, Agnes Potten and Joan Trunchfield, visited Samuel and gave him encouragement. Immediately after his execution they were arrested and imprisoned, and the accounts of the Chamberlains of Ipswich show that Sergeant Holmes made two journeys to the home of Sir Clement Heigham in that connection before they were burned in a single fire at Ipswich on 19 February 1555/56.

At about this time information had been given against Robert Pygot, a painter from Wisbech, for non-attendance at church. He was called into the sessions, and Heigham said to him, "Ah, are you the holy father the painter? How chance you came not to the church?": to which Pygot answered, "Sir, I am not out of the church; I trust in God." "No, sir", said Heigham, "this is no church: this is a hall." "Yea, sir", said Pygot, "I know very well it is a hall: but he that is in the true faith of Jesus Christ, is never absent, but present in the church of God." "Ah sirrah", said the judge, "you are too high for me to talk with, wherefore I will send you to them that are better learned than I." So he was taken to jail in Ely and interrogated, and was burned there on 16 October 1555.

Heigham was present at the examination of John Fortune alias Cutler, a blacksmith of Hintlesham who had influenced Roger Bernard (a man burned at Bury St Edmunds on 30 June 1556). The Bishop of Norwich interviewed him, and Heigham intervened at a critical point in the dialogue. The bishop told Fortune he should be burned like a heretic, and Fortune asked "who shall give judgement upon me?" The bishop said, "I will judge a hundred such as thou art", and Fortune asked again, "Is there not a law for the spiritualty as well as for the temporalty?" Sir Clement Heigham said, "Yes, what meanest thou by that?" Fortune told the bishop he was a perjured man, because he had taken an oath to resist the Pope, in King Henry's time: and therefore, like a perjured lawyer, he should not be allowed to sit in judgement. 'Then sayde maister Hygham: "it is tyme to weede out suche fellowes as you bee in deede".' (This is from Fortune's own account.) Fortune was condemned.

Foxe also mentions John Cooper of Wattisham, who was arraigned at a Bury Lent Assize in 1557 before Sir Clement Heigham for allegedly having said that he should pray "if God would not take away Queen Mary, that then the devil would take her away." This accusation, for a treasonable saying, was made by one Fenning, who is thought to have borne false witness: Cooper denied it. Heigham told Cooper "he should not escape, for an example to all heretics", and sentenced him to be hanged, drawn and quartered, which was accordingly done.

In July 1558 the outspoken country wife Alice Driver of Grundisburgh, near Woodbridge, who had been pursued for her Protestant views into hiding in the countryside, appeared before Sir Clement at the Bury Assizes. Before him her principal offence was to compare Queen Mary to Jezebel, and to call her by that name, for which Heigham then and there commanded that her ears be cut off, which was done. He then committed her to be interrogated by Dr Spenser, Chancellor of Norwich, at Ipswich, where her spirited defence led to her condemnation and death at the stake in November 1558. It is said that he issued a writ for the burning of three men at Bury St Edmunds about a fortnight before the death of Queen Mary, when it was already known that she was beyond hope of recovery.

Clement married Anne Munnings about 1520. Anne (daughter of Thomas Munnings and Margaret) was born in of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England; died between 26 May 1640 and 22 Aug 1540. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Henry Edon about 1540. Henry (son of Thomas Edon and Joan Gates) was born between 1514 and 1520 in of Barningham, Suffolk, England; died on 30 Jan 1546. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Not a daughter of Richard Eden.

Anne married William Bradbury between 1568 and 1570. William (son of Matthew Bradbury and Margaret Rowse) was born in 1544; died on 30 Nov 1622 in Wicken Bonhunt, Essex, England; was buried in Wicken Bonhunt, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 1649 and 1650
• Alternate death: Bef 16 Aug 1649
• Alternate death: 1650

Wymond married Elizabeth Whitgift about 1605. Elizabeth (daughter of William Whitgift and (Unknown first wife of William Whitgift)) was born in Mar 1574 in Clavering, Essex, England; died on 26 Jun 1612; was buried in Croydon, Surrey, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Arrived in 1635; first at York, Maine, then in Salisbury by 1640. He was initially a business agent for Ferdinando Gorges, to whom it has been said he was related. Obviously the beneficiary of a fine education, he held many public offices in his long life, and numerous samples of his excellent handwriting have survived to the present day.

Over time he has had several descents from the Plantagenet kings attributed to him, but most of them have been disproved. (The exception is a descent from Edward I for which Marshall K. Kirk made a very persuasive but not conclusive case in "A Probable Royal Descent for Thomas Bradbury of Salisbury, Massachusetts", NEHGR 161:27, 2007.) Nevertheless, Thomas Bradbury's proven ancestry extends far back into the Middle Ages. One of his great-uncles was an Archbishop of Canterbury; a 3XG-uncle, also named Thomas Bradbury, was a mayor of London. As Marshall K. Kirk wrote, "Unlike most immigrants to seventeenth-century New England, Thomas Bradbury's ancestry rates an entire book. Given his social standing as a member of the gentry and his business dealings with Sir Fernando Gorges, it would stand to reason that a royal descent from a Plantagenet king should be provable for Thomas Bradbury. Many of his siblings and aunts and uncles married people with such descent."

John Brooks Threlfall's The Ancestry of Thomas Bradbury (1611-1695) and His Wife Mary (Perkins) Bradbury (1615-1700) of Salisbury, Massachusetts, of which we have the second of three editions, traces for him a descent from Charlemagne through the Marmions of Checkingden, Oxfordshire, which seems to us sufficiently well-argued. But whether or not this descent is valid, the sheer number and variety of Thomas Bradbury's proven medieval forebears seems to us to earn him the title of "gateway ancestor" for his descendant JDM.

Thomas married Mary Perkins about 1636. Mary (daughter of John Perkins and Judith Gater) was born before 3 Sep 1615; was christened on 3 Sep 1615 in Hillmorton, Warwickshire, England; died on 20 Dec 1700 in Salisbury, Essex, Massachusetts. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married John Stanyan on 15 Dec 1663 in Hampton, Rockingham, New Hampshire. John (son of Anthony Stanyan and Mary) was born on 16 Jul 1642 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; was christened on 24 Jul 1642 in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts; died on 27 Sep 1718. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Or Mary Stanyan.

Ann married Capt. Thomas Seally on 2 Jul 1697. Thomas (son of Thomas Sealey and Martha Blaisdell) was born between 1670 and 1675 in Hampton Falls, Rockingham, New Hampshire; died in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 4 Oct 1691

Notes:

He was one of the early settlers of Nottingham, and a captain of militia.

Joseph married Alice "Else" Rawlins between 1724 and 1725 in Salisbury, Essex, Massachusetts. Alice (daughter of Benjamin Rawlins and Sarah Palmer) was born in 1701 in of Exeter, Rockingham, New Hampshire; died in 1801. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

From Wikipedia (accessed 19 May 2021):

Joseph Cilley (1734 – August 25, 1799) was a New Hampshire state senator and general.

Cilley was born in 1734 at Nottingham, Province of New Hampshire, to Captain J. Cilley of the Isles of Shoals and his wife Alice Rawlings. In 1758 he joined Rogers' Rangers and served in northern New York and Canada. On December 15, 1774 he was with John Langdon and John Sullivan in the raid on Fort William and Mary at New Castle, New Hampshire.

At the start of the American Revolutionary War, Cilley was appointed major of the 2nd New Hampshire Regiment. After the Siege of Boston, he was promoted to Lt. Col. in the 1st New Hampshire Regiment, and he and the regiment were sent to reinforce the Continental Army in Canada fighting at the Battle of Trois-Rivières. With the defeat of the Continental Army in Canada the 1st New Hampshire was sent to New Jersey and Gen. George Washington's main army. Cilley took part in the Battle of Trenton and the Battle of Princeton. With the resignation of John Stark, Cilley took command of the 1st New Hampshire and led them during the Saratoga Campaign of 1777, and the Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Stony Point in 1778. Henry Dearborn was among the officers under his command. In 1779, Cilley and the 1st New Hampshire were with Gen. Sullivan in his campaign against the Iroquois and Loyalists in western New York.

On March 19, 1779, the New Hampshire Assembly voted unanimously, "that the worthy Col. Jos. Cilley be presented with a pair of pistols as a token of this State's good intention to reward merit in a brave officer." These pistols are now housed at the Museum of New Hampshire History in Concord, New Hampshire. Cilley retired from the Continental Army on January 1, 1781.

After the war, he was appointed major general of the 1st Division of New Hampshire Militia, June 22, 1786. Later that year, he commanded troops who put down the Paper Money Riot. Cilley was elected to the New Hampshire Senate and Treasurer, Vice President and President of the Society of the Cincinnati in New Hampshire. Cilley died on August 25, 1799, at his home in Nottingham.

Cilley married Sarah Longfellow on November 4, 1756. They had ten children, including Greenleaf Cilley, whose sons Joseph Cilley and Jonathan Cilley would become a U. S. Senator and a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, respectively.

Mount Cilley in the White Mountains is named for him.

Joseph married Sarah Longfellow on 4 Nov 1756 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. Sarah (daughter of Jonathan Longfellow and Mercy Clark) was born on 17 Nov 1739 in Hampton Falls, Rockingham, New Hampshire; died on 23 May 1811 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire; was buried in Gen. Joseph Cilley Cemetery, Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

According to Cilley Family (citation details below), he was a captain in the Revolution. The Cillay Pages (citation details below) says he served at Pierce's Island in 1775 and in 1777 raised a company for the defense of Piscataqua Harbor.

Cutting married Martha Morrill about 1761. Martha died on 4 Jun 1787 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was a farmer, a major in the New Hampshire militia, and a holder of various Nottingham town offices at one time or another.

Greenleaf married Jennie Nealley on 22 May 1788 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. Jennie (daughter of Joseph Nealley and Susanna Bowdoin) was born on 22 Sep 1772 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire; died on 26 Mar 1866 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire; was buried in Nottingham Square Cemetery, Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eliphalet married Dolly Shaw in 1787 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. Dolly was born on 30 Aug 1762 in Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

From Wikipedia (accessed 19 May 2021):

Joseph Cilley [...] was a United States Senator from New Hampshire.

Cilley was born in Nottingham, New Hampshire, the son of Greenleaf Cilley and his wife Jane Nealy. He was also the grandson of Revolutionary War officer Joseph Cilley, after whom he was named. He was the nephew of Bradbury Cilley and brother of Jonathan Cilley.

Cilley was educated at Atkinson Academy and joined the Army to fight in the War of 1812 as an officer in the 21st Infantry Regiment, seeing action at the Battle of Sackett's Harbor and Battle of Chrysler's Farm. Joseph Cilley was severely wounded at the Battle of Lundy's Lane; he was shot through the leg by a musket ball causing a compound fracture. He attained the brevetted rank of captain, was the quartermaster of the New Hampshire Militia in 1817, and was the division inspector in 1821. After his military service Joseph Cilley became an aide-de-camp to Governor Benjamin Pierce in 1827.

In 1846, a Whig–Liberty Party–Independent Democrat coalition assumed power in New Hampshire state government. Whig Anthony Colby was elected Governor, Independent Democrat John P. Hale was elected Speaker of the State House of Representatives, and Cilley was elected to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Levi Woodbury. Cilley served from June 13, 1846 to March 3, 1847. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1846, after which he retired to his farm in Nottingham.

Notes:

From Wikipedia (accessed 19 May 2021):

Jonathan Cilley [...] was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine. He served part of one term in the 25th Congress, and died as the result of a wound sustained in a duel with another Congressman, William J. Graves of Kentucky.

Cilley was a native of Nottingham, New Hampshire, and was educated at Atkinson Academy and Bowdoin College. He settled in Thomaston, Maine, where he studied law and attained admission to the bar in addition to editing the Thomaston Register newspaper. A Democrat, Cilley served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1831 to 1836, and was Speaker in 1835 and 1836.

In 1836, Cilley was elected to the United States House of Representatives. He served part of one term, and died as the result of a gunshot wound caused when he engaged in a duel with Representative William J. Graves. They fired at each other with rifles three times, and on the third shot, Graves hit Cilley's femoral artery, causing blood loss which resulted in Cilley's death. He was temporarily interred at Congressional Cemetery, and later reinterred at Elm Grove Cemetery in Thomaston.

Jonathan Cilley was born in Nottingham, New Hampshire, and was the son of Jane (Nealley) Cilley and Greenleaf Cilley. He was the brother of Joseph Cilley, grandson of Major General Joseph Cilley, and nephew of Bradbury Cilley.

Cilley attended Atkinson Academy and Bowdoin College. He was a member of Bowdoin's famed class of 1825, which included Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. While at Bowdoin, Cilley also became close friends with future U.S. President Franklin Pierce, a member of the class of 1824. Deciding to stay in Maine after graduating from Bowdoin, Cilley studied law with John Ruggles, was admitted to the bar in 1828, and practiced in Thomaston.

In 1829, Jonathan Cilley married Deborah Prince, the daughter of local businessman Hezekiah Prince. Jonathan and Deborah had five children, two of whom died very young. Their surviving children were Greenleaf (b. 1829), Jonathan Prince (b. 1835), and Julia (b. 1837). Jonathan Prince Cilley became a Brigadier General by Brevet in the Union Army during the Civil War. Greenleaf was a career officer in the United States Navy. He married Malvina Vernet, the daughter of Luis Vernet, a former Argentinian governor of the Falkland Islands in Montevideo, Uruguay in 1861 and died in San Isidro, Buenos Aires in 1899. Julia was the wife of Ellis Draper Lazell (1832-1875). [...]

Cilley died in office after sustaining a fatal wound in a duel with Congressman William J. Graves of Kentucky. The climate surrounding the Twenty-fifth U.S. Congress was one of increasing political partisanship. Majority Democrats fought with minority Whigs over the response to the Panic of 1837, which was generally blamed on the policies of Democratic President Martin Van Buren. Underlying this conflict was lingering bitterness over the decision of Van Buren's predecessor, Democrat Andrew Jackson, not to re-charter the Second Bank of the United States. One of the pillars of the Whig press was the New York Courier and Enquirer, a newspaper edited by James Watson Webb.

Democrats, including Jonathan Cilley, considered Webb's coverage of Congress to be biased and unfair; Cilley vented some of his party's bitterness in remarks made on the House floor, and suggested that Webb's change from opposing to supporting the re-chartering of the bank came about because Webb received loans from the bank totaling $52,000. Webb, who considered himself insulted by Cilley's suggestion of quid pro quo corruption, persuaded a Whig friend, Congressman William J. Graves, to deliver Webb's challenge to a duel. Cilley refused to accept the letter, in terms which Graves decided were an insult to his honor; Graves then challenged Cilley, and Cilley felt honor bound to accept. Dueling was prohibited within the boundaries of the District of Columbia, so the participants and their seconds – George Wallace Jones for Cilley and Henry A. Wise for Graves – arranged to meet on February 24, 1838, at the Bladensburg Dueling Grounds, just outside the city limits and inside the Maryland border.

As the challenged party, Cilley had the choice of weapons. Because of Graves' reputation as an expert pistol shot, Cilley selected rifles, with the distance between the duelists to be 80 yards, a distance far enough apart to negate Graves' supposed shooting skill; in actuality, the marked off distance was 94 yards. After their first fire missed, the participants shortened the distance and fired again, but again both shots missed. On the third exchange of shots, Graves fatally wounded Cilley by shooting him through the femoral artery. Cilley bled to death on the dueling ground within a matter of minutes. He was buried at Congressional Cemetery, and re-interred at Elm Grove Cemetery in Thomaston, Maine.

There is a cenotaph to Cilley's memory located at Congressional Cemetery.

After Cilley's death, longtime friend Nathaniel Hawthorne published two biographical sketches of him. His colleagues paid tribute to him by passing a Federal law on February 20, 1839, which strengthened the strict prohibition against dueling in Washington, D.C. by making it a crime to issue or accept a challenge within district limits, even if the actual duel was to take place outside the district.

Jonathan Cilley, by Nathaniel Hawthorne (1838):

The subject of this brief memorial had barely begun to be an actor in the great scenes where his part could not have failed to be a prominent one. The nation did not have time to recognize him. His death, aside from the shock with which the manner of it has thrilled every bosom, is looked upon merely as causing a vacancy in the delegation of his State, which a new member may fill as creditably as the departed. It will, perhaps, be deemed praise enough to say of Cilley, that he would have proved himself an active and efficient partisan. But those who knew him longest and most intimately, conscious of his high talents and rare qualities, his energy of mind and force of character, must claim much more than much a need for their lost friend. They feel that not merely a party nor a section, but our collective country, has lost a man who had the heart and the ability to serve her well. It would be doing injustice to the hopes which lie withered upon his untimely grave, if, in paying a farewell tribute to his memory, we were to ask a narrower sympathy than that of the people at large. May no bitterness of party prejudices influence him who writes, nor those, of whatever political opinions, who may read!

Jonathan Cilley was born at Nottingham, N.H., on the 2d of July, 1802. His grandfather, Col. Joseph Cilley, commanded a New Hampshire regiment during the Revolutionary war, and established a character for energy and intrepidity, of which more than one of his descendants have proved themselves the inheritors. Greenleaf Cilley, son of the preceding, died in 1808, leaving a family of four sons and three daughters. The aged mother of this family and the three daughters are still living. Of the sons, the only survivor is Joseph Cilley, who was an officer in the late war, and served with great distinction on the Canadian frontier. Jonathan, being desirous of a liberal education, commenced his studies at Atkinson Academy, at about the age of seventeen, and became a member of the freshman class of Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me., in 1821. Inheriting but little property from his father, he adopted the usual expedient of a young New-Englander in similar circumstances, and gained a small income by teaching a country school during the winter months both before and after his entrance at college.

Cilley's character and standing at college afforded high promise of usefulness and distinction in afterlife. Though not the foremost scholar of his class, he stood in the front rank, and probably derived all the real benefit from the prescribed course of study that it could bestow on so practical a mind. His true education consisted in the exercise of those faculties which fitted him to be a popular leader. His influence among his fellow-students was probably greater than that of any other individual; and he had already made himself powerful in that limited sphere, by a free and natural eloquence, a flow of pertinent ideas in language of unstudied appropriateness, which seemed always to accomplish precisely the result on which he had calculated. This gift was sometimes displayed in class meetings, when measures important to those concerned were under discussion; sometimes in mock trials at law, when judge, jury, lawyers, prisoner, and witnesses were personated by the students, and Cilley played the part of a fervid and successful advocate; and, besides these exhibitions of power, he regularly trained himself in the forensic debates of a literary society, of which he afterwards became president. Nothing could be less artificial than his style of oratory. After filling his mind with the necessary information, he trusted every thing else to his mental warmth and the inspiration of the moment, and poured himself out with an earnest and irresistible simplicity. There was a singular contrast between the flow of thought from his lips, and the coldness and restraint with which he wrote; and though, in maturer life, he acquired a considerable facility in exercising the pen, he always felt the tongue to be his peculiar instrument.

In private intercourse, Cilley possessed a remarkable fascination. It was impossible not to regard him with the kindliest feelings, because his companions were intuitively certain of a like kindliness on his part. He had a power of sympathy which enabled him to understand every character, and hold communion with human nature in all its varieties. He never shrank from the intercourse of man with man; and it was to his freedom in this particular that he owed much of his subsequent popularity among a people who are accustomed to take a personal interest in the men whom they elevate to office. In few words, let us characterize him at the outset of life as a young man of quick and powerful intellect, endowed with sagacity and tact, yet frank and free in his mode of action, ambitious of good influence, earnest, active, and persevering, with an elasticity and cheerful strength of mind which made difficulties easy, and the struggle with them a pleasure. Mingled with the amiable qualities that were like sunshine to his friends, there were harsher and sterner traits, which fitted him to make head against an adverse world; but it was only at the moment of need that the iron framework of his character became perceptible.

Immediately on quitting college, Mr. Cilley took up his residence in Thomaston, and began the study of law in the office of John Ruggles, Esq., now a senator in Congress. Mr. Ruggles being then a prominent member of the Democratic party, it was natural that the pupil should lend his aid to promote the political views of his instructor, especially as he would thus uphold the principles which he had cherished from boyhood. From year to year, the election of Mr. Ruggles to the State legislature was strongly opposed. Cilley's services in overcoming this opposition were too valuable to be dispensed with; and thus, at a period when most young men still stand aloof from the world, he had already taken his post as a leading politician. He afterwards found cause to regret that so much time had been abstracted from his professional studies; nor did the absorbing and exciting nature of his political career afford him any subsequent opportunity to supply the defects of his legal education. He was admitted an attorney-at-law in 1829, and in April of the same year was married to Miss Deborah Prince, daughter of Hon. Hezekiah Prince of Thomaston, where Mr. Cilley continued to reside, and entered upon the practice of his profession.

In 1831, Mr. Ruggles having been appointed a judge of the court of common pleas, it became necessary to send a new representative from Thomaston to the legislature of the State. Mr. Cilley was brought forward as the Democratic candidate, obtained his election, and took his seat in January, 1832. But in the course of this year the friendly relations between Judge Ruggles and Mr. Cilley were broken off. The former gentleman, it appears had imbibed the idea that his political aspirations (which were then directed towards a seat in the senate of the United States) did not receive all the aid which he was disposed to claim from the influence of his late pupil. When, therefore, Mr. Cilley was held up as a candidate for re-election to the legislature, the whole strength of Judge Ruggles and his adherents was exerted against him. This was the first act and declaration of a political hostility, which was too warm and earnest not to become, in some degree, personal, and which rendered Mr. Cilley's subsequent career a continual struggle with those to whom he might naturally have looked for friendship and support. It sets his abilities and force of character in the strongest light, to view him, at the very outset of public life, without the aid of powerful connections, an isolated young man, forced into a position of hostility, not merely with the enemies of his party, but likewise with a large body of its adherents, even accused of treachery to its principles, yet gaining triumph after triumph and making his way steadily onward. Surely his was a mental and moral energy which death alone could have laid prostrate.

We have the testimony of those who knew Mr. Cilley well, that his own feelings were never so imbittered by those conflicts as to prevent him from interchanging the courtesies of society with his most violent opponents. While their resentments rendered his very presence intolerable to them, he could address them with as much ease and composure as if their mutual relations had been those of perfect harmony. There was no affectation in this: it was good-natured consciousness of his own strength that enabled him to keep his temper: it was the same chivalrous sentiment which impels hostile warriors to shake hands in the intervals of battle. Mr. Cilley was slow to withdraw his confidence from any man who he deemed a friend; and it has been mentioned as almost his only weak point, that he was too apt to suffer himself to be betrayed before he would condescend to suspect. His prejudices, however, when once adopted, partook of the depth and strength of his character, and could not be readily overcome. He loved to subdue his foes; but no man could use a triumph more generously than he.

Let us resume our narrative. In spite of the opposition of Judge Ruggles and his friends, combined with that of the Whigs, Mr. Cilley was re-elected to the legislature of 1833, and was equally successful in each of the succeeding years, until his election to Congress. He was given successive years as the representative of Thomaston. In 1834, when Mr. Dunlap was nominated as the Democratic candidate for governor, Mr. Cilley gave his support to Gov. Smith, in the belief that the substitution of a new candidate had been unfairly effected. He considered it a stratagem intended to promote the election of Judge Ruggles to the senate of the United States. Early in the legislative session of the same year, the Ruggles party obtained a temporary triumph over Mr. Cilley, effected his expulsion from the Democratic caucuses, and attempted to stigmatize him as a traitor to his political friends. But Mr. Cilley's high and honorable course was ere long understood and appreciated by his party and the people. He told them, openly and boldly, that they might undertake to expel him from their caucuses; but they could not expel him from the Democratic party: they might stigmatize him with any appellation they might choose; but they could not reach the height on which he stood, nor shake his position with the people. But a few weeks had elapsed, and Mr. Cilley was the acknowledged head and leader of that party in the legislature. During the same session, Mr. Speaker Clifford (one of the friends of Judge Ruggles) being appointed attorney-general, the Ruggles party were desirous of securing the election of another of their adherents to the chair; but, as it was obvious that Mr. Cilley's popularity would gain him the place, the incumbent was induced to delay his resignation till the end of the term. At the session of 1835, Messrs. Cilley, Davee, and McCrote being candidates for the chair, Mr. Cilley withdrew in favor of Mr. Davee. That gentleman was accordingly elected; but, being soon afterwards appointed sheriff of Somerset County, Mr. Cilley succeeded him as speaker, and filled the same office during the session of 1836. All parties awarded him the praise of being the best presiding officer that the house ever had.

In 1836, he was nominated by a large portion of the Democratic electors of the Lincoln Congressional District as their candidate for Congress. That district has recently shown itself to possess a decided Whig majority; and this would have been equally the case in 1836, had any other man than Mr. Cilley appeared on the Democratic side. He had likewise to contend, as in all the former scenes of his political life, with that portion of his own party which adhered to Mr. Ruggles. There was still another formidable obstacle, in the high character of Judge Bailey, who then represented the district, and was a candidate for re-election. All these difficulties, however, served only to protract the contest, but could not snatch the victory from Mr. Cilley, who obtained a majority of votes at the third trial. It was a fatal triumph.

In the summer of 1837, a few months after his election to Congress, I met Mr. Cilley for the first time since early youth, when he had been to me almost as an elder brother. The two or three days which I spent in his neighborhood enabled us to renew our former intimacy. In his person there was very little change, and that little was for the better. He had an impending brow, deep-set eyes, and a thin and thoughtful countenance, which; in his abstracted moments, seemed almost stern; but, in the intercourse of society, it was brightened with a kindly smile, that will live in the recollection of all who knew him. His manners had not a fastidious polish, but were characterized by the simplicity of one who had dwelt remote from cities, holding free companionship with the yeomen of the land. I thought him as true a representative of the people as ever theory could portray. His earlier and later habits of life, his feelings, partialities, and prejudices, were those of the people; the strong and shrewd sense which constituted so marked a feature of his mind was but a higher degree of the popular intellect. He loved the people, and respected them, and was prouder of nothing than of his brotherhood with those who had intrusted their public interests to his care. His continual struggles in the political arena had strengthened his bones and sinews: opposition had kept him ardent; while success had cherished the generous warmth of his nature, and assisted the growth both of his powers and sympathies. Disappointment might have soured and contracted him; but it appeared to me that his triumphant warfare had been no less beneficial to his heart than to his mind. I was aware, indeed, that his harsher traits had grown apace with his milder ones; that he possessed iron resolution, indomitable perseverance and an almost terrible energy; but these features had imparted no hardness to his character in private intercourse. In the hour of public need, these strong qualities would have shown themselves the most prominent ones, and would have encouraged his countrymen to rally round him as one of their natural leaders.

In his private and domestic relations, Mr. Cilley was most exemplary; and he enjoyed no less happiness than he conferred. He had been the father of four children, two of whom were in the grave, leaving, I thought, a more abiding impression of tenderness and regret than the death of infants usually makes on the masculine mind. Two boys -- the elder, seven or eight years or age; and the younger, two -- still remained to him; and the fondness of these children for their father, their evident enjoyment of his society, was proof enough of his gentle and amiable character within the precincts of his family. In that bereaved household, there is now another child, whom the father never saw. Mr. Cilley's domestic habits were simple and primitive to a degree unusual, in most parts of our country among men of so eminent a station as he had attained. It made me smile, though with any thing but scorn, in contrast to the aristocratic stateliness which I have witnessed elsewhere, to see him driving home his own cow after a long search for her through the village. That trait alone would have marked him as a man whose greatness lay within himself. He appeared to take much interest in the cultivation of his garden, and was very fond of flowers. He kept bees, and told me that he loved to sit for whole hours by the hives, watching the labors of the insects, and soothed by the hum with which they filled the air. I glance at these minute particulars of his daily life, because they form so strange a contrast with the circumstances of his death. Who could have believed, that with his thoroughly New-England character, in so short a time after I had seen him in that peaceful and happy home, among those simple occupations and pure enjoyments, he would be stretched in his own blood, -- slain for an almost impalpable punctilio!

It is not my purpose to dwell upon Mr. Cilley's brief career in Congress. Brief as it was, his character and talents had more than begun to be felt, and would soon have linked his name with the history of every important measure, and have borne it onward with the progress of the principles which be supported. He was not eager to seize opportunities of thrusting himself into notice; but, when time and the occasion summoned him, he came forward, and poured forth his ready and natural eloquence with as much effect in the councils of the nation as he had done in those of his own State. With every effort that he made, the hopes of his party rested more decidedly upon him, as one who would hereafter be found in the vanguard of many a Democratic victory. Let me spare myself the details of the awful catastrophe by which all those proud hopes perished; for I write with a blunted pen and a head benumbed, and am the less able to express my feelings as they lie deep at heart, and inexhaustible.

On the 23d of February last, Mr. Cilley received a challenge from Mr. Graves of Kentucky, through the hands of Mr. Wise of Virginia. This measure, as is declared in the challenge itself, was grounded on Mr. Cilley's refusal to receive a message, of which Mr. Graves and been the bearer, from a person of disputed respectability; although no exception to that person's character had been expressed by Mr. Cilley; nor need such inference have been drawn, unless Mr. Graves were conscious that public opinion held his friend in a doubtful light. The challenge was accepted, and the parties met on the following day. They exchanged two shots with rifles. After each shot, a conference was held between the friends of both parties, and the most generous avowals of respect and kindly feeling were made on the part of Cilley towards his antagonist, but without avail. A third shot was exchanged; and Mr. Cilley fell dead into the arms of one of his friends. While I write, a Committee of Investigation is sitting upon this affair: but the public has not waited for its award; and the writer, in accordance with the public, has formed his opinion on the official statement of Messrs. Wise and Jones. A challenge was never given on a more shadowy pretext; a duel was never pressed to a fatal close in the face of such open kindness as was expressed by Mr. Cilley: and the conclusion is inevitable, that Mr. Graves and his principal second, Mr. Wise, have gone farther than their own dreadful code will warrant them, and overstepped the imaginary distinction, which, on their own principles, separates manslaughter from murder.

Alas that over the grave of a dear friend, my sorrow for the bereavement must be mingled with another grief, -- that he threw away such a life in so miserable a cause! Why, as he was true to the Northern character in all things else, did he swerve from his Northern principles in this final scene? But his error was a generous one, since he fought for what he deemed the honor of New England; and, now that death has paid the forfeit, the most rigid may forgive him. If that dark pitfall -- that bloody grave -- had not lain the in midst of his path, whither, whither, night it not have led him! It has ended there: yet so strong was my conception of his energies, so like destiny did it appear that he should achieve every thing at which he aimed, that even now my fancy will not dwell upon his grave, but pictures him still amid the struggles and triumphs of the present and the future. 

Jonathan married Deborah Prince on 4 Apr 1829. Deborah (daughter of Hezekiah Prince and Isabella Coombs) was born on 6 Jul 1808; died on 14 Aug 1844; was buried in Elm Grove Cemetery, Thomaston, Knox, Maine. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joe Jackson Cilley.

Joseph married Nancy Maloon on 23 Apr 1822 in New Hampshire. Nancy (daughter of Jeremiah Maloon and Nabby Thomas) was born in 1804 in Deerfield, Rockingham, New Hampshire; died between 1850 and 1860. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He joined the US Navy as a midshipman shortly after his father was killed in a duel. He made a career of it and retired in 1865 with the rank of Commander. On a naval visit to South America he met and fell in love with Malvina Vernet, daughter of Luis Vernet, who was once governor of the Malvina Islands. They married in 1861 and lived in the United States for some years, where their first two children were born. They were present in Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. on 15 Apr 1865 when President Lincoln was assasinated. Not long after that, they moved back to Argentina, where they spent the rest of their lives.

They had six children. Their oldest, a daughter, died before her second birthday. The second, Jonathan Vernet Cilley (1863-1947) was born in Brooklyn, New York, trained as a civil engineer, married an Italian woman, and spent the rest of his life in South America. The remaining four children, Luis Prince Cilley (1867-1941), Joseph Saez Cilley (b. 1868), Déborah Malvinas Cilley (b. 1870), and Malvina Justa Cilley (1872-1941), were all born in South America, married South American spouses, and died there, resulting in innumerable descendants of the New England Cilley family on that continent, mostly in Argentina and Chile.

Greenleaf married Malvina Vernet on 13 May 1861 in Montevideo, Uruguay. Malvina (daughter of Luis Vernet, Governor of the Malvina Islands and Maria Saez) was born on 5 Feb 1830 in Malvina Islands, Argentina, now Falkland Islands, British Overseas Territory; died on 24 Sep 1924 in Argentina. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1823, Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire
• Alternate birth: Oct 1823, New Hampshire
• Alternate birth: 12 Nov 1823, Nottingham, Rockingham, New Hampshire
• Alternate birth: Abt 1824, New Hampshire
• Alternate birth: Abt 1824

Louisa married Samuel Thompson on 7 Jul 1844 in Dover, Strafford, New Hampshire. Samuel (son of Job Thompson and Abigail Burnham) was born on 30 Mar 1815 in Durham, Strafford, New Hampshire; died on 27 Dec 1892 in Barrington, Strafford, New Hampshire; was buried in Samuel Thompson Cemetery, Barrington, Strafford, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Dr. Douglas Amos Payne on 12 May 1888 in Cook County, Illinois. Douglas (son of James Withers Payne and Elizabeth Holtzclaw) was born on 30 May 1857 in Orlean, Fauquier, Virginia; died on 23 Nov 1943 in Chicago, Cook, Illinois; was buried on 26 Nov 1943. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called on her birth certificate Veda Lou Dorthenia Payne.

In 1918 and 1920 she and her husband lived at 148 St Paul's Place in Brooklyn, New York.

Veda married Joseph Jardine Macdonald on 12 May 1916 in Chicago, Cook, Illinois. Joseph (son of Rev. Donald Barclay Macdonald and Marienne Jardine) was born on 22 Sep 1888 in Bendale, now part of Scarborough, Ontario; died in Jan 1963. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margaret Elanore Esterl. Margaret (daughter of John Esterl and Anna Karoline Simmet) was born on 6 Dec 1916 in Park Falls, Price, Wisconsin; died on 22 Sep 2004 in Calvary Hospital, Bronx, Bronx, New York; was buried in Nola Cemetery, Park Falls, Price, Wisconsin. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Debra Doyle. Debra (daughter of Lauren Leonard "Larry" Doyle and Mildred Louise Morgan) was born on 30 Nov 1952 in Gainesville, Alachua, Florida; died on 31 Oct 2020 in Colebrook, Coos, New Hampshire. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]