Thomas Stoughton

Notes:

"Thomas Stoughton, the eldest son and heir of Henry, seems to have forsaken the mercantile pursuits of his father and grandfather and to have lived as a country gentleman upon his estates in Dartford. One wonders if he wished to live away from the scenes of his father's unhappy fate, and preferred the peace of country life to the stresses and strains of life as a business man in the city of London." [The English Ancestry of Thomas Stoughton, citation details below.]

Thomas married Margaret about 1492. Margaret died before 28 Jun 1528 in Dartford, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 16 Feb 1574, St. Mary's, Ash, Kent, England

Notes:

"Edward lived at Moat Farm in Ash, Kent. He was the primary beneficiary and executor of his father's will, suggesting that his older brother Peter was physically or mentally incapable of serving as head of the family." [Amelia Morrow, from Connections: Morrow, Porter, Sanders, etc.]

Birth derived from the fact that he was recorded as age 75 in May 1570.

Edward married Mary Exhurst before 4 Nov 1529 in St. Peter's, Sandwich, Kent, England. Mary (daughter of Richard Exhurst and Joan Roberts) was born between 1502 and 1511 in Kent, England; died before Feb 1548 in Ash-juxta-Sandwich, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Ellen Sherborn before 20 Oct 1550. Ellen died before 20 Jun 1575. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1531

Family/Spouse: Agnes. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Edward Stoughton's will mentions "his daughters Susan, Martha, and Sara" and, separately, "his daughter Susan Cole."

Ellen's will, proved 20 Jun 1575, mentions "her late husband Laurence Omer", next to whom she asks to be buried, and, puzzlingly, "her son and daughter Susan Cole."

Her brother Thomas Stoughton's will, proved 17 Jun 1591, mentions "his sister Cole."

It is unclear from these wills whether Edward Stoughton's daughter Susan who married a Cole was a daughter of his first wife Mary Exhurst or of his second wife Ellen, but the estimable Janet and Robert Wolfe (citation details below) place her as a daughter of the second wife.

Family/Spouse: (Unknown) Cole. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1555
• Alternate birth: Abt 1556, Sandwich, Kent, England

Notes:

Described by Robert Charles Anderson as "a leading light of Elizabethan Puritanism who was silenced in the reign of James I and spent the rest of his life producing theological pamphlets." [The Great Migration Begins, volume 3, p. 1777.]

Amelia Morrow, from Connections: Morrow, Porter, Sanders, etc.:

Matriculated at Queens College, Cambridge 1573 and received the degree of bachelor of arts in 1576-7. Made a Fellow of the College in 1579 and became a Master of Arts in 1580. He was ordained deacon and priest at Lincoln, Feb 13, 1582. In July 1586, he was installed Rector at Naughton in Suffolk. [...]

Between 1594 and 1600, Thomas assisted the minister at Burstead Magna, Essex, where the birth of his daughter Judith is recorded. In 1600, Thomas became vicar at Coggeshall in Essex. The birth record of Israel appears in this church, as well as the burial of Thomas's wife Katherine. Thomas was "deprived of his vicarage" in 1606, but the reason was not recorded. It may have been nonconformity with the Church, as Thomas was frequently recorded as outspoken. [...]"

Thomas published a treatise called "Two Profitable Treatises" (British Museum 4371, a.a. 27) in 1616 that was written "from my chamber in the Hospital at St. Bartholomewes by Sandwich Sept. 3, 1616." The treatise says he was born and bred in Sandwich. His treatise "The Christians Sacrifice as set forth in Romans XII, 1, 2" (British Museum 4371, b.20) was printed in 1622 "with the Author's postscript to his children as it were his last Will and Testament unto them."

Todd Whitesides, writing on FindaGrave.com:

He was ordained deacon and priest at Lincoln Cathedral on Feb. 13, 1582, and was brought to the attention of Robert, 3rd Lord Rich by John Butler of Thoby Priory, Essex, and continued to benefit from Rich's patronage for many years. He was rector of Naughton from 1586 until 1594, at which time he was made curate of Great Burstead, Essex. He published "A general treatise against poperie, and in defence of the religion by publike avthoritie professed in England and other churches reformed" (Cambridge, 1598), which was dedicated to Lord Rich. In 1600 he was instituted vicar at Coggeshall at Lord Rich's presentation, but due to his nonconformity he was admonished by Bishop Richard Vaughan and deprived of Coggeshall by the High Commission in 1606. Despite being removed from his living it was reported in 1606 that he "doeth often expound the Word in his deske". In 1610 at Great Totham, Essex, he signed the dedicatory epistle to his work "The dignitie of Gods children". By 1616 he had returned to his native Sandwich, where he remained living in poverty until his death.

He continued to expound on his beliefs, publishing 'Two Profitable Treatises' in 1616, followed up in 1622 with "The Christians Sacrifice", a text of some 251 pages, which was dedicated to his patron, who had since purchased the title Earl of Warwick. He signed the dedicatory epistle to this on 20 Aug. 1622 from "my poore lodging in the poor Hospitall called S. Bartholomewes by Sandwich in Kent", and further stated he was now "ready to be dissolved, and to laye down my earthly Tabernacle...the time of my departing being at hand..." Two days later he appended the work with "The Authors postscript to his Children as it were his Last Will and Testament unto them".

At the end of his life he recalled being present at Hampton Court 43 years earlier, where he heard ministers preaching before Queen Elizabeth.

In 1606 Stoughton was a legatee, along with others, in the will of Timothy Saint Nicholas, who "moste humblie thanckinge them for their faithefull endeavor and for their earnest labour and paines for the instruction of my conscience and the consciences of many men in the knowledge of Gods truthe and relligion". Described as "a silenced preacher", he received a bequest in the 1610 will of Alice Wade of Bildeston, Suffolk, and in 1612 was mentioned in the will of his first cousin Thomas Stoughton of St Paul's Parish, Canterbury. In the 1619 will of Charles Eure, esquire, fourth son of William, 2nd Lord Eure, Stoughton being described as of St Bartholomews in Sandwich, Kent received the generous bequest of £10.

From The Art of Hearing: English Preachers and Their Audiences, 1590-1640 by Arnold Hunt (Cambridge University Press, 2010):

Thomas Stoughton's Two Profitable Treatises (1616) [...] despite being "much enlarged" for print, was written in the style of an oral sermon so that readers could imagine it "rather...as presently by lively voice uttered, than as formerly by dead letter onely written." Whereas Dod and Cleaver had removed colloquial expressions in order to achieve a more dignified style, Stoughton went to the other extreme, filling the text with proverbial and colloqiual remarks ("soft fire maketh sweetest malt"; "Sathan bestirreth his stumps to hurt and destroy") and repetitions ("labour, labour, I beseech you"; "alas, alas"; "take heed, take heed") in order to recreate the experience of hearing a live sermon.


Rev. Thomas Stoughton (~1555-~1622) = Katherine (1560-~1603)
Elizabeth Stoughton (~1597-1647) = John Scudder (b. ~1590)
Elizabeth Scudder (1625-1700) = Samuel Lathrop (1621-1700)
Samuel Lathrop = Hannah Aldgate
Hannah Lathrop = Jabez Perkins
Hannah Perkins = Joshua Huntington
Lydia Huntington = Ephraim Bill
Lydia Bill = Joseph Howland
Susan Howland = John Aspinwall
Mary Rebecca Aspinwall = Isaac Roosevelt
James Roosevelt = Sara Delano
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945)

Rev. Thomas Stoughton (~1555-~1622) = Katherine (1560-~1603)
Israel Stoughton (1603-1645) = Elizabeth Knight (d. 1681)
Rebecca Stoughton (1641-1708) = William Tailer (1611-1682)
Elizabeth Tailer (1667-1734) = John Nelson (d. 1734)¹
Mehitabel Nelson (1691-1775) = Capt. Robert Temple (1694-1754)
Robert Temple (1728-1782) = Harriet Shirley (d. 1802)²
Mehitabel Hester Temple (1758-1798) = Hans Blackwood, 3rd Baron Dufferin & Clanboye (1758-1839)
Price Blackwood, 4th Baron Dufferin & Clanboye (1794-1841) = Helen Selina Sheridan (1807-1867)³
Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 5th Baron Dufferin & Clanboye (1826-1902), Governor-General of Canada 1872-78; Viceroy of India 1884-88.

¹ One of the leaders of the 1689 revolt against Gov. Andros.

² Daughter of William Shirley, colonial governor of Massachusetts and later of the Bahamas.

³ Granddaughter of playwright and poet Richard Brinsley Sheridan.

Thomas married Katherine in 1585 in Naughton, Suffolk, England. Katherine was born about 1560; died on 18 Apr 1603 in Coggeshall, Braintree, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]