St. Louis IX, King of France

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 25 Apr 1215, Poissy, Yvelines, Île-de-France, France

Notes:

Canonized 11 Aug 1297 by Boniface VIII; his feast day is 25 Aug. He led the Seventh Crusade, and died of dysentery while leading the Eighth Crusade.

From Matthew Gabriele and David Perry, "In St. Louis, History and Nostalgia Battle It Out", Smithsonian Magazine website, 9 Jul 2020:

Louis IX reigned over France in the middle of the 13th century. Like most medieval sovereigns, he implemented legal reforms and provided charity to the Christian poor. More significantly, Louis personally led two Crusades to North Africa against Muslims—the first to Egypt in 1248, and the second to Tunisia in 1270. These campaigns were simply a brief chapter in a much larger drama that saw Christians wage holy war throughout the Mediterranean world against Muslims, Jews, and sometimes their fellow Christians. The impact of the Crusades cannot be overstated, as this movement shaped the cultural, social, and economic direction of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East for centuries. Indeed, it continues to haunt the modern imagination.

Both of Louis IX’s Crusades failed spectacularly, with the king captured by the Egyptians and ransomed for an enormous sum in 1250 and dying of dysentery almost immediately upon arriving in Tunisia in 1270. Louis was canonized—largely for these efforts—in 1297, and he’s served as a symbol of France’s glorious past ever since. So, when French trappers established a fur-trading post on Cahokia lands in 1764, they named the site in honor of two kings: Louis IX and then-sovereign Louis XV. The settlement retained the name through French, Spanish and finally American occupation. […]

Louis IX’s acts as king certainly included care for the Christian poor—but they also encompassed moments of vicious anti-Judaism, including the burning of Talmuds in Paris in the 1240s; the arrest of all Jews in France and confiscation of their property in 1268; and the segregation of Christians and Jews, who were forced to wear a yellow star on their clothes as of 1269.

Louis married Margaret of Provence, Queen Consort of France on 27 May 1234 in Sens, Yonne, France. Margaret (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) was born in 1221 in Forcalquier, Alpes-de-Haut-Provence, France; died on 20 Dec 1295 in Faubourg St.-Marceau, Paris, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 30 Apr 1245

Notes:

Nicknamed "The Bold".

Philippe married Isabella of Aragon, Queen Consort of France on 28 May 1262 in Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. Isabella (daughter of James I, King of Aragón and Violant of Hungary) was born between 1243 and 1247; died on 28 Jan 1271 in Cosenza, Calabria, Italy; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippe married Marie of Brabant, Queen Consort of France on 21 Aug 1274. Marie (daughter of Henri III of Brabant and Alix of Burgundy) was born about 1256 in Leuven, Vlaams-Brabant, Flanders; died on 12 Jan 1322 in Les Mureaux, Yvelines, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Church of the Franciscans, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Clermont.

Robert married Beatrix of Burgundy in 1272 in Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, Oise, France. Beatrix (daughter of Jean of Burgundy and Agnès de Dampierre) was born about 1257; died on 1 Oct 1310 in Château de Murat, Cantal, Auvergne, France; was buried in Cordeliers de Champaigue, Bourbonnais, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Agnes married Robert II of Burgundy in 1279. Robert (son of Hugh IV of Burgundy and Yolande of Dreux) was born about 1248; died on 21 Mar 1306 in Vernon-sur-Seine, Eure, Normandy, France; was buried in Abbey of Cîteaux, Dijon, Côte-d'Or, Burgundy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

King of Navarre as Philip I, 1284-1305. King of France as Philip (Philippe) IV, 1285-1314.

Philippe married Joan, Queen of Navarre; Queen Consort of France on 16 Aug 1284 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Joan (daughter of Enrique I, King of Navarre and Blanche of Artois) was born on 14 Jan 1272 in Bar-sur-Seine, France; died on 2 Apr 1305 in Château de Vincennes, Val-de-Marne, Île-de-France, France; was buried in Church of the Grey Friars, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Valois. Count of Anjou by his marriage to Margaret of Anjou. Through his later marriage to Catherine I, titular empress of the Latin Empire, he was titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1301 to 1307, though he ruled from exile and exerted authority only over the Crusader states in Greece.

"[A]n irresponsible adventurer, he did the papal cause little good when campaigning in Sicily as Captain-General for the Church." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Charles married Margaret of Anjou on 16 Aug 1290 in Corbeil, near Paris, France. Margaret (daughter of Charles II, King of Naples, Sicily, and Jerusalem and Maria I, Queen of Hungary) was born in 1272; died on 31 Dec 1299; was buried in Church of St. Jacques, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Charles married Mahaut de Châtillon-sur-Marne in Jun 1308 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France. Mahaut (daughter of Guy III de Châtillon and Marie of Brittany) was born in 1293; died on 3 Oct 1358; was buried in Cordeliers de Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Evreux and Etampes.

Louis married Marguerite d'Artois in 1300. Marguerite (daughter of Philippe d'Artois and Blanche de Bretagne) was born about 1285; died on 24 Apr 1311. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1275
• Alternate birth: Abt 1282
• Alternate death: 14 Feb 1318, Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire, Engand

Marguerite married Edward I, King of England on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Edward (son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence, Queen Consort of England) was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, Westminster, Middlesex, England; was christened on 21 Jun 1239; died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-by-Sands, Carlisle, Cumberland, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 29 Jan 1342

Notes:

"Le Boîteux" (the Lame). Duke of Bourbon.

Louis married Marie of Hainault and Holland in Sep 1310 in Pontoise, Vexin, France. Marie (daughter of Jean II d'Avesnes and Philippine de Luxemburg) died between 31 Aug 1354 and 4 Sep 1354 in Château de Murat, Cantal, Auvergne, France; was buried in Church of the Franciscans, Champaigue, Bourbonnais, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Called "la Boiteuse" (the Lame). Died of the plague.

"[I]ntelligent, educated, strong-willed, venemous, frequently consulted by her husband, regent of France 1338." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Jean married Philip VI, King of France in Jul 1313 in Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France. Philip (son of Charles of France and Margaret of Anjou) was born in 1293; died on 22 Aug 1350 in Abbey of Coulombs near Nogent-le-Roi, Eure-et-Loir, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippe married Jeanne of Burgundy in Jan 1306. Jeanne (daughter of Otto V and Mathilde d'Artois) was born between 1291 and 2 Mar 1294; died on 21 Jan 1329. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabella married Edward II, King of England on 25 Jan 1308 in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, France. Edward (son of Edward I, King of England and Eleanor of Castile, Queen Consort of England) was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caenarfon, Gwynedd, Wales; died on 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England; was buried in Abbey of St. Peter, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[F]irst of the Valois kings, he declared in 1337 that Guyenne was foreited, initiating the Hundred Years War, at his defeat by Edward III at Crécy the slain included over 1500 of his lords and nobles, Calais was lost to the English the following year, the spread of the Black Death in 1348 and 1349 overshadowed the final years of his reign." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Philip married Jean of Burgundy, Queen Consort of France in Jul 1313 in Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France. Jean (daughter of Robert II of Burgundy and Agnes of France) was born in 1293; died on 12 Dec 1349 in Paris, France; was buried in Abbey of Saint-Denis, Saint-Denis, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

As a widow she became abbess of Fontenelles.

Jeanne married William III of Hainault on 19 May 1305 in Chauny, Aisne, France. William (son of John II of Hainault and Philippa of Luxembourg) was born about 1286; died on 7 Jun 1337 in Valenciennes, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France; was buried in Church of the Franciscans, Valenciennes, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Pierre I de Bourbon on 25 Jan 1337. Pierre (son of Louis I de Bourbon and Marie of Hainault and Holland) was born in 1311; died on 19 Sep 1356 in Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France; was buried in Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Marie married Jan III of Brabant about 19 Jul 1311. Jan (son of Jan II of Brabant and Margaret of England) was born in 1300; died on 5 Dec 1355 in Brussels, Flanders. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 4 Aug 1338
• Alternate death: 23 Aug 1338, Redenhall with Harleston, Norfolk, England

Notes:

Earl of Norfolk. Marshal of England. Warden of St. John's Town of Perth.

"In 1310 Edward II assigned to his brothers Thomas and Edmund jointly the estates of Roger Bigod, late Earl of Norfolk; and on 16 Dec. 1312 Thomas was cr. Earl of Norfolk, and sum. to Parl. as such 8 Jan 1312/3. On 10 Feb. 1315/6 he was cr. Marshal of England." [Complete Peerage]

"Brotherton, Yorkshire, a small village twenty-two miles outside of the city of York, was part of the honour of Pontefract. Prior to 1300, it had never been a royal residence, or the site of a royal birth, nor has it been one since. It was not even expected to have been one in 1300. Edward I, his new young wife Margaret, who turned twenty-one that year and was pregnant with their first child, and the royal household, set out north from St Albans on 15 April 1300. The army had been summoned to Carlisle for mid-summer, for a new Scottish campaign. Queen Margaret parted company with the main household at Stamford on 5 May, and continued her own journey northward. Preparations had been made for her to use Cawood Castle, a residence of the Archbishop of York, for her confinement. She stopped in the village of Brotherton to hunt late that month, and went into labour, early and unexpectedly. Margaret had married Edward I on 10 September 1299 and, if conception occurred immediately, she was in her 38th week, but as she was apparently hunting and had not yet reached Cawood, she may have been a week or two earlier in her pregnancy. The labour was difficult, and Margaret reportedly called on St Thomas of Canterbury for assistance. The baby was delivered on 1 June, and named for the saint. Edward I rushed over to the village as soon as he was given the news, and stayed there until 9 June (Waugh, 2004; Johnstone, 1946). Thomas was likely baptised in Brotherton's church of St Edward the Confessor, which lay very close to the original manor house." ["Love Matches and Contracted Misery: Thomas of Brotherton and His Daughters (Part 1)," by Brad Verity. Foundations, journal of the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, volume 2, number 2, July 2006.]

"Many sources relay a date of September 1338, for Thomas's death, using testimony from the Proof of Age of his granddaughter Elizabeth de Segrave as a source (see CIPM 1352-1361, p.115). But Watson's date of 23 August appears to be correct, for the king ordered the seizure of Thomas's goods and chattels on 28 August (see Archer, 1987, p.205 n.9)." ["Love Matches and Contracted Misery: Thomas of Brotherton and His Daughters (Part 1)," by Brad Verity. Foundations, journal of the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, volume 2, number 2, July 2006.] ?

Thomas married Alice de Hales after Jun 1321. Alice (daughter of Roger de Hales and Alice) was born after 1303 in Norfolk, England; died between 8 May 1326 and 12 Oct 1330. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Kent. "[S]erved his brother Edward II in his war against the barons, turned against him in 1326, granted Arundel Castle (1327) by Edward III, opposed the ascendancy of the queen and Roger Mortimer, who lured him into a conspiracy, and then had him condemned and beheaded as a traitor." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Edmund married Margaret Wake about 25 Dec 1325. Margaret (daughter of John Wake and Joan de Fiennes) was born about 1299; died on 29 Sep 1349. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Bourbon. Fought at Crécy and the siege of Calais. Killed at Poitiers.

Pierre married Isabel de Valois on 25 Jan 1337. Isabel (daughter of Charles of France and Mahaut de Châtillon-sur-Marne) was born about 1313; died on 26 Jul 1383 in Paris, France; was buried in Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jean married Jutta de Luxemburg on 28 Jul 1332 in Melun, Seine-et-Marne, Île-de-France, France. Jutta (daughter of John, King of Bohemia and Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia) was born on 20 May 1315 in Prague, Bohemia; died on 11 Sep 1349 in Maubuisson Abbey near Pontoise, near Paris, France; was buried in Maubuisson Abbey near Pontoise, near Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]