Isabel de Verdun

Notes:

Given the date of her death and her relative youth at the time, it's likely that she died of the plague.

Isabel married Henry de Ferrers before 20 Feb 1331. Henry (son of William de Ferrers and (Unknown) de Segrave) was born about 1303; died on 15 Sep 1343 in Groby in Ratby, Leicestershire, England; was buried in Ulverscroft Priory, Leicestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. William de Ferrers was born on 28 Feb 1333 in Newbold Verdon, Leicestershire, England; was christened on 28 Feb 1333 in Newbold Verdon, Leicestershire, England; died on 8 Jan 1371 in Stebbing, Essex, England.

Notes:

Fought at Falkirk. Justiciar of Ireland, 30 Apr 1313 - Jan 1315. He was summoned to Parliament by writs from 29 Dec 1299 to 16 Oct 1315.

Thebaud married Elizabeth de Clare on 4 Feb 1316 in near Bristol, Gloucestershire, England. Elizabeth (daughter of Gilbert de Clare and Joan of Acre) was born in Nov 1295 in Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales; died on 4 Nov 1360. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was summoned to Parliament by writs from 24 Jun 1295 to 11 Jun 1309. Styled himself constable of Ireland, 1282-84.

Thebaud married Margery de Bohun before 6 Nov 1276. Margery (daughter of Humphrey de Bohun and Maud of Avenbury) died between 1280 and 1304. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

She has long been widely held to be a daughter of the Humphrey de Bohun who died in 1265, in the lifetime of his father, and who as a result never held the earlship of Hereford possessed by both his father and his son.

In a 2 Dec 2020 post to soc.genealogy.medieval, Peter Stewart argued that she may instead have been a daughter of that Humphrey's father, the Humphrey de Bohun who d. 1275, by his second wife, Maud of Avenbury.

In a 3 Dec 2020 post, Douglas Richardson defended her placement as a daughter of the Humphrey de Bohun who d.s.p. in 1265.

In subsequent posts in the thread, Peter Stewart defended his position, in particular making the point that if this Margery de Bohun had been a daughter of Humphrey de Bohun who d. 1265 and his (only) wife Eleanor de Briouze, her son Thebaud de Verdun's 1302 marriage to his first wife Maud de Mortimer, which produced issue, would have been a marriage of second cousins, both of them being great-grandchildren of William de Briouze and Eve Marshal.

No record exists of a dispensation for this Verdun-Mortimer marriage in the 4-volume published records of the pope of that time, Boniface VIII. Stewart pointed out that Boniface is known to have believed that dispensations from consanguinity rules should only be given for reasons such as the general good of the realm, and that the Verduns and Mortimers were "not in a league where this sort of reason could be proposed." As Stewart pointed out, "Defiance of canon law was not undertaken lightly in that era. The upside of trying, at the Verdun-Mortimer stratum of rank and power anyway, was hardly worth the very foreseeable downside."

This, combined with the chronological problems which are resolved by placing this Margary as a daughter of the older Humphrey de Bohun by his second wife, convinces us that this is likelier to be the correct solution.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1299

Notes:

Called "Red Gilbert" and "The Red Earl". Earl of Gloucester. Earl of Hertford. Steward of St. Edmund's Abbey. Held, among many other manors and lordships, the lordship of Glamorgan, one of the most wealthy holdings in the Welsh Marches. Built Caerphilly Castle.

A turbulent figure who fought on both sides of the Second Barons' War of 1263-64, first alongside Simon de Montfort at the battle of Lewes (where according to some accounts he personally took Henry III prisoner), and then on the side of the king, commanding one of the royal divisions at the decisive battle of Evesham where de Montfort was killed.

His subsequent relationships with Henry III and Edward I were complex and fraught. As one of the two or three most powerful non-royal individuals in the realm, he was both a desirable ally and also the very model of the kind of overweening subject that Edward was determined to tame -- and ultimately did.

As a side note, it is worth noting that while de Clare was still allied to the baronial party, he led the massacre of the Jews at Canterbury, which took place while other rebel leaders were conducting similar massacres in London. Ian Stone writes in "The Rebel Barons of 1264 and the Commune of London," quoted here: "The Dunstable annals report rumours that the Jews of London were preparing to betray the citizens: they had Greek fire to burn the city, copies of the keys to the city gates, and subterranean passages to each gate. Such tales were used to excuse an outbreak of looting and murder. One chronicler says that the Jews were suspected of betraying the barons and citizens, and almost all were killed. Another says that the Jewish quarter was pillaged, and any Jews who were caught were stripped, robbed and murdered. Estimates of the number killed range from 200 to 500, with the remainder forcibly converted or imprisoned (or, looking at it another way, the rest were saved by the justices and the mayor, who sent them to the Tower for protection). The chronicler Wykes, who tended to be less favourable to the baronial party, singled out the baronial leader John fitz John, who was said to have killed the leading Jew, Kok son of Abraham, with his own hands, and seized his treasure. Fitz John was then forced to share the proceeds with Simon de Montfort. It is possible that de Montfort was taking the Jewish treasure, not to enrich himself, but to finance his forces. At the same time, the cash of Italian and French merchants, deposited in religious houses around London, was also seized and taken to the city."

Gilbert married Joan of Acre in May 1290 in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. Joan (daughter of Edward I, King of England and Eleanor of Castile, Queen Consort of England) was born in 1272 in Acre, Palestine; died on 23 Apr 1307 in Clare, Suffolk, England; was buried in Austin Friars, Clare, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 7 Apr 1307
• Alternate death: 28 Apr 1307, Clare, Suffolk, England

Notes:

Also called Joan of England.

"The agreement for Joan's marriage to Gilbert de Clare, earl of Hertford and Gloucester, was made in 1283. Gilbert and his first wife, Alice de la Marche, had had only two daughters; this marriage was dissolved in 1285, and a papal dispensation for the marriage to Joan was obtained four years later. Gilbert surrendered all his lands to the king, and they were settled jointly on Gilbert and Joan for their lives, and were then to pass to their children; if however the marriage was childless, the lands were to pass to Joan's children by any later marriage. The wedding took place at Westminster in early May 1290." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Because of this agreement, Joan remained in control of the estates following Gilbert's death in 1295. Her father intended for her to marry Amadeus V of Savoy, but instead she secretly married Ralph de Monthermer, a squire of Earl Gilbert's household whom she had previously persuaded her father to knight. "She is reputed to have said 'It is not ignominious or shameful for a great and powerful earl to marry a poor and weak woman; in the reverse case it is neither reprehensible or difficult for a countess to promote a vigorous young man.'" [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography] Her enraged father slapped de Monthermer into prison and seized all of Joan's lands, but through the mediation of Anthony Bek, Bishop of Durham, father and daughter were reconciled and her estates restored to her. Subsequently the king "became much attached to his new son-in-law, who was summoned to Parliament as Earl of Gloucester and Hertford during the minority of his step-son Gilbert de Clare." [Royal Ancestry] De Monthermer went on to serve in a variety of offices and military roles.

Notes:

Royal Ancestry gives the date of their marriage as 23 April 1290; Complete Peerage as 30 April; the ODNB as "early May."

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 21 Oct 1274

Notes:

Also called Sir John le Botiller; Sir John le Boteler; John le Botiller de Verdun.

Ally of the King against Simon de Montfort. Went to Sicily, 1271, on crusade with Lord Edward (later Edward I).

The Wallop Family claims that has was "slain in Ireland", a circumstance and place not mentioned in RA. CP says "He is said to have d. 21 Oct 1274" and footnotes this with: "Though the writ appears to have been issued, 17 Oct. [...] According to the Annals of Clonmacnoise, he and 13 knights were poisoned together in England."

John married Margaret de Lacy before 20 Apr 1242. Margaret (daughter of Gilbert de Lacy and Isabel le Bigod) died in 1256. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1267

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1200

Notes:

Earl of Hereford and, from 27 Aug 1236, Earl of Essex.

Hereditary Constable of England; Constable of the Exchequer 1228; Constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports 1239-41; Sheriff of Kent 1239-41; Warden of the Marches of Wales 1245; a crusader in 1250; Privy Councillor 1258; Justice of Assize at Cardiff 1261; Chief Captain of the Army in Wales 1263; Constable of Haye, Huntingdon, and Tregruk Castles.

"After his father's death William Brewer had custody of Caldicot [Monmouth] and of Walton in Surrey, but Humphrey had livery of Caldicot Castle and all lands held in chief the next year, the King having taken his homage. He joined the Earl of Cornwall in his quarrel with the King in 1227. In 1228/9 he had an acquittance for 15 1/5 fees of the moiety of the fees of Trowbridge. At the coronation of Queen Eleanor in 1236 he was Marshal of the Household. He had livery of his mother's lands 9 Sep. 1236. In 1237 he went on a pilgrimage to Santiago. He was appointed constable of Dover Castle 27 Feb. 1238/9, which he surrendered 4 Nov. 1241, and during these years was sheriff of Kent. He stood sponsor at the baptism of Edward I in 1239. In 1242 he was in the expedition to France, but returned because of the King's foreign favourites. In 1244 the cause of the Welsh rising is assigned to his having kept in his hand the inheritance of the wife of David, s. of Llewelyn, Prince of Wales. He joined in the remonstrance to the Pope in 1246, and was present at the Great Council of 1248. In 1250 he was among those who took the Cross. On 13 Sep. 1251 he had licence to make his will. He was present at the sentence of excommunication against the transgressors of the charters (1253). He had a protection 15 Nov. 1253 for as long as the King remained in Gascony, and was with him there in 1254, but withdrew (having the King's permission) after failing to obtain satisfaction in a matter concerning his jurisdiction as constable. On 18 Dec. 1253 he and his eld. s. Humphrey had licence to hunt hare, fox, cat and other wild beasts in the forests of Bradon and Savernake, Wilts. In 1257 he was appointed to keep the marches between Montgomery and the land of the Earl of G1oucester, and had a protection 22 Oct. on staying in Wales in the service of Prince Edward. In 1258 he was one of the 24 councillors to draw up the Provisions of Oxford, being chosen among the Barons' twelve, and was thereafter one of the fifteen chosen to advise the King on all points; he was also one of the twelve elected by the Barons to represent the community in three annual parliaments, and was one of the 24 who were concerned in treating of aids. In 1259 he was the King's representative (with the Count of Aumale) for the preservation of peace between France and England; was concerned with Llywellyn ap Gruffydd in the matter of the truce; and was one of the commissioners who ratified the treaty between France and England in July. On 10 Aug. 1260 he was sent to treat for peace with Llywellyn, and on 25 Aug. 1262 was one of the commissioners to meet Llywellyn's commissioners at the Ford of Montgomery. He had a grant of the custody of the lands of the late Earl of Gloucester 18 July 1262. In the struggle of 1263/4 he took the side of the King; was one of the keepers of the City of London, 9 Oct. 1265, and one of the plenipotentiaries for the Dictum of Kenilworth." [Complete Peerage 6:459]

Humphrey married Maud of Avenbury. Maud died on 8 Oct 1273 in Sorges, Gascony, France; was buried after 8 Oct 1273 in Sorges, Gascony, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Buried: 1290, Llanthony Priory, outside Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England

Notes:

Her parentage is not established. Douglas Richardson calls her "presumably" a sister of Walter, Osbert, and Master Giles de Avenbury. Complete Peerage notes that "[a] Walter de Avenbury paid 4,000 marks in 1250 for the custody of the land and heir of Richard de Anesy, and in 1273 a Walter de Avenbury was late collector of the 20th in Hereford."

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 15 Jul 1262, Ashenfield, Waltham, Kent, England

Notes:

Earl of Gloucester; Earl of Hertford; High Marshal and Chief Butler to the Archbishop of Canterbury; Privy Councillor 1255, 1258; Warden of the Isle of Portland, Weymouth, and Wyke, 1257.

From the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography:

Richard de Clare was a minor at the time of his father's death, and heir to one of the greatest collections of estates and lordships in all of England and Wales. His wardship and marriage were thus matters of the keenest interest to the politically powerful and ambitious of the day. The justiciar Hubert de Burgh, using his position in the government of Henry III, managed to have custody of Richard assigned to himself. On Hubert's fall from power in 1232, the king transferred custody of both Richard and his lands to the new royal favourites, Peter des Roches, bishop of Winchester, and his nephew Peter des Rivaux. Hubert de Burgh's wife, in an apparent effort to rescue the family fortunes, secretly married Richard de Clare to her daughter Margaret; but the marriage was apparently never consummated, and was in any event mooted by Margaret's death in 1237. In the meantime both Peter des Roches and Peter des Rivaux had themselves fallen from power in 1234, and thereafter King Henry kept the wardship in his own hands, although allowing custody of at least some of the Clare lands to be secured by Richard de Clare's uncle Gilbert Marshal, earl of Pembroke. During this time the king began searching for a suitable marriage. A proposed arrangement with the great French comital family, the Lusignans, fell through, and in 1238 Richard de Clare was married to Maud, daughter of John de Lacy, earl of Lincoln. The prime mover in the marriage negotiations seems to have been the king's brother, Richard of Cornwall, who was Richard de Clare's stepfather, having married the widowed Isabel Marshal in 1231. Notwithstanding his marriage Clare remained the ward of the king until 1243, when he came of age and received both official seisin of his inheritance and formal dubbing to knighthood.

The complexities, intricacies, and rivalries involved in the story of Richard de Clare's wardship are an excellent case study of the stakes and resources at issue when contemplating the lives of the upper aristocracy in the thirteenth century. A connection to Richard de Clare was a prize well worth pursuing at full tilt. His inheritance was vast. [...] Richard de Clare was, by every criterion--annual income (close to £4000), knight's fees (nearly 500), and both the sheer number of and the strategic location of his estates and lordships--easily the richest and potentially the most powerful baron, next to the members of the immediate royal family, in the British Isles (excluding Scotland) as a whole.

From Wikipedia:

He joined in the Barons' letter to the Pope in 1246 against the exactions of the Curia in England. He was among those in opposition to the King's half-brothers, who in 1247 visited England, where they were very unpopular, but afterwards he was reconciled to them.

In August 1252/3 the King crossed over to Gascony with his army, and to his great indignation the Earl refused to accompany him and went to Ireland instead. In August 1255 he and John Maunsel were sent to Edinburgh by the King to find out the truth regarding reports which had reached the King that his son-in-law, Alexander III, King of Scotland, was being coerced by Robert de Roos and John Balliol. If possible, they were to bring the young King and Queen to him. The Earl and his companion, pretending to be two of Roos's knights, obtained entry to Edinburgh Castle, and gradually introduced their attendants, so that they had a force sufficient for their defense. They gained access to the Scottish Queen, who made her complaints to them that she and her husband had been kept apart. They threatened Roos with dire punishments, so that he promised to go to the King.

Meanwhile the Scottish magnates, indignant at their Castle of Edinburgh's being in English hands, proposed to besiege it, but they desisted when they found they would be besieging their King and Queen. The King of Scotland apparently traveled South with the Earl, for on 24 September they were with King Henry III at Newminster, Northumberland."

*****

In July 1258 Richard de Clare and his brother William both fell ill. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography describes contemporary reports that this was due to an attempted poisoning, "supposedly instigated by King Henry's uncle, William de Valence, earl of Pembroke, in retaliation for Clare's support of the baronial reform movement; and Valence's purported agent in the plot, Clare's seneschal, Walter de Scoteny, was tried and hanged." William died, but Richard survived with the loss of his hair and nails. In 1259 Richard was appointed chief ambassador to the Duke of Brittany, presumably in hopes of frightening the duke by sending a hairless, nailless creature to his court. Three years later, Richard died at Ashenfield, Waltham, Kent, on the 15th, the 16th, or the 22nd of July 1262. It was again bruited about that he had been poisoned, this time by the Queen's uncle Peter of Savoy, but the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, noting that "the annals of Tewkesbury Abbey are the single most valuable literary source for the reconstruction of [de Clare] family history for this period", points out that "the silence of the Tewkesbury account on this point strongly indicates that such rumours were unfounded."

In a perfectly medieval series of postmortem events, Richard de Clare's body was borne to the Cathedral Church of Christ at Canterbury, where his entrails were buried before the altar of St. Edward the Confessor; it was then taken to the Collegiate Church of Tonbridge, Kent, where his heart was buried; finally, what remained of his body was taken to Tewkesbury Abbey in Gloucestershire where it was buried in the choir at his father's right hand.

Richard married Maud de Lacy about 25 Jan 1238. Maud (daughter of John de Lacy and Margaret de Quincy) died before 10 Mar 1289. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 1288 and 1289
• Alternate death: Aft 1288

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 18 Jun 1239, Westminster Palace, Westminster, Middlesex, England
• Alternate death: 8 Jul 1307, Burgh-by-Sands, Carlisle, Cumberland, England

Notes:

Edward Longshanks, Hammer of the Scots, conqueror of Wales. Although he is acclaimed for his many administrative accomplishments and for establishing Parliament as a permanent institution, he also expelled the Jews from England; significant numbers of them returned only 350 years later. He was tall (6' 4"), personally intimidating, and rigid in personal morality, in marked contrast to most earlier post-Conquest English rulers.

Edward married Eleanor of Castile, Queen Consort of England on 18 Oct 1254 in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of St. Fernando III, King Of Castile, León, Galicia, Toledo, Córdoba, Jaén, and Seville and Jeanne de Dammartin) was born in 1240; died on 28 Nov 1290 in Hardby, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1241, Burgos, Castile, Spain
• Alternate birth: Abt 1241

Notes:

Countess of Ponthieu.

Eleanor of Castile, first wife of Edward I, was a daughter of Ferdinand III, King of Castile, Leon, and Galicia, and the French noblewoman Jeanne de Dammartin, suo jure Countess of Ponthieu. Although her marriage (in 1254) to then-prince Edward was a political match designed to affirm English control of Gascony, the couple were unusually close; she even accompanied Edward on the Fourth Crusade, where he was wounded at Acre in Palestine. She was notably well-educated and maintained her own scriptorium, the only one in northern Europe at the time. Her preference for Spanish-style home decorations, kitchen utensils, and personal comforts had a great influence on English domestic life. She brought a considerable personal fortune to her marriage, and increased it all her life through shrewd purchases of lands and manors. Although this had a negative effect on her personal popularity, her husband always encouraged her in it.

Her heart was buried in the Dominican priory of Blackfriars in London, along with that of her son Alphonso. Her entrails were buried in Lincoln Cathedral.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1200, of Boxted, Suffolk, England
• Alternate death: 19 Jul 1230, Poitou, Aquitaine, France

Notes:

Also called Theobald Walter. Second Chief Butler of Ireland.

"Theobald Butler, or le Botiller, only s. and h., aged 6 years in 1206. He had livery of his estates 2 July 1221 and 18 July 1222. He was sum. cum equis et armis to attend the King into Brittany, 26 Oct. 1229, as Theobaldus Pincerna. Was Lord Justice [I.], 1247. He m., 1stly, Joan, sister and in her issue coh. of John du Marais, da. of Geoffrey Du M., Justiciar [I.]. He m., 2ndly (shortly after 4 Sep. 1225, when the King requests such marriage), Rohese, only da. and h. of Nicholas de Verdon, of Alton, co. Stafford, which Rohese was heiress of Croxden, &c., and Foundress of Grace Dieu Monastery, co. Leicester. He d. 19 July 1230, in Poitou, and was bur. in the Abbey of Arklow. His widow d. before 22 Feb. 1246/7." [Complete Peerage II:448]

Theobald married Rohese de Verdun after 4 Sep 1225. Rohese (daughter of Nicholas de Verdun and Clemencia) died before Feb 1247. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 10 Feb 1247
• Alternate death: Bef 22 Feb 1247

Notes:

Founded Grace-Dieu Priory in Leicestershire, sometime between 1235 and 1241.

Some corrections and additions to the Complete Peerage points out that omitted from her husband's CP entry is the fact that Rohese was the widow of William Perceval de Somery, who died before 20 Jun 1222, when she and Theobald le Boteler married.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1230
• Alternate death: 1230

Gilbert married Isabel le Bigod. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1176
• Alternate birth: Abt 1176, of Trowbridge, Wiltshire, England

Notes:

Earl of Hereford. Hereditary Constable of England. Sheriff of Kent, 1200.

Magna Carta surety; as such, excommunicated by Innocent III 16 Dec 1215. Fought for Louis of France at the battle of Lincoln, where he was taken prisoner 20 May 1217, subsequently released and his forfeited lands restored. Left on the Fifth Crusade 1219; died in Palestine the following year.

Henry married Maud de Mandeville. Maud (daughter of Geoffrey fitz Peter and Beatrice de Say) died on 27 Aug 1236. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Countess of Hereford and Essex. Also caled Maud fitz Geoffrey. But despite being the daughter of two people not named "Mandeville," she was primarily known as Maud de Mandeville. See below.

Douglas Richardson, 29 Oct 2011, post to soc.genealogy.medieval:

Henry de Bohun's wife was known as Maud de Mandeville.

For instances of Maud, Countess of Essex and Hereford, being styled Maud de Mandeville in contemporary records, see Cal. Charters Rolls 1 (1903): 196; Davis, Rotuli Hugonis de Welles Episcopi Lincolniensis 1209 - 1235 3 (Lincoln Rec. Soc. 9) (1914): 32; Hassall, Cartulary of St. Mary Clekenwell (Camden 3rd Ser. 71) (1949): 126; Duchy of Lancaster, Descriptive List (with Index) of Cartæ Miscellaneæ, Lists and Indexes, Supplementary Series, No. V, vol. 3 (1964): 85; Mason, Beauchamp Cartulary Charters (Pipe Roll Soc. n.s. 43) (1980): 187 - 188.

Notes:

Earl of Hertford. Earl of Gloucester.

Along with his father, he was among the 25 Magna Carta sureties, as such excommunicated by Innocent III on 16 Dec 1215, despite the fact that he was by then among the group negotiating with the king for peace.

Fought on the side of Louis of France at the Battle of Lincoln, 19-20 May 1217; taken prisoner by his future father-in-law William Marshal and subsequently released, his lands restored. In later life, led various armies against the Welsh.

Gilbert married Isabel Marshal on 9 Oct 1217. Isabel (daughter of William Marshal and Isabel de Clare) was born on 9 Oct 1200 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 17 Jan 1240 in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1247

Notes:

Suo jure Countess of Pembroke. Wikipedia: "When Isabel was dying she asked to be buried next to her first husband at Tewkesbury Abbey, but Richard had her interred at Beaulieu Abbey, with her infant son, instead. As a pious gesture, however, he sent her heart, in a silver-gilt casket, to Tewkesbury."

Notes:

Also called John of Chester. Earl of Lincoln. Magna Carta surety.

Hereditary Constable of Chester; Keeper of Duninton Castle 1214; Constable of Whitchurch Castle 1233; Privy Councillor 1237; Sheriff of Cheshire 1237; Constable of Chester and Beeston Castles 1237.

"In 1218 he went on the Fifth Crusade with Earl Ranulf of Chester and was present at the siege of Damietta." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, citation details below.]

John married Margaret de Quincy before 21 Jun 1221. Margaret (daughter of Robert de Quincy and Hawise of Chester) was born before 1217; died before 30 Mar 1266 in Hampstead, Middlesex, England; was buried in Church of the Hospitallers, Clerkenwell, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1209

Notes:

Identified by Wightman as Margaret de Quincy, but his report of her parentage is wrong.

"Margaret de Quincy, 2nd Countess of Lincoln suo jure (c. 1206 – March 1266) was a wealthy English noblewoman and heiress having inherited in her own right the Earldom of Lincoln and honours of Bolingbroke from her mother Hawise of Chester, received a dower from the estates of her first husband, and acquired a dower third from the extensive earldom of Pembroke following the death of her second husband, Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke. Her first husband was John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln, by whom she had two children. He was created 2nd Earl of Lincoln by right of his marriage to Margaret. Margaret has been described as 'one of the two towering female figures of the mid-13th century'." [Wikipedia]

Henry married Eleanor of Provence, Queen Consort of England on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England; was buried in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 25 Jun 1291, Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England

Notes:

"She was buried on 11 September 1291 in the Abbey of St Mary and St Melor, Amesbury on 9 December. The exact site of her grave at the abbey is unknown making her the only English queen without a marked grave. Her heart was taken to London where it was buried at the Franciscan priory." [Wikipedia]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1199
• Alternate birth: 1200
• Alternate birth: 30 Jul 1201, Monte de Valparaíso, Spain
• Alternate birth: Between 5 Aug 1201 and 19 Aug 1201, En route between Salamanca and Zamora
• Alternate birth: 5 Aug 1201, Monte de Valparaíso, Spain
• Alternate death: 15 Mar 1252
• Alternate death: 30 May 1253

Notes:

"[H]e was born near but not at at the monastery [of Valparaíso], which was moved to his birthplace afterwards. Ferdinand was called 'montesino' because he was born on the mountain, by the road between Salamanca and Zamora." [Peter Stewart, citation details below]

Canonized in 1671 by Clement X. His feast day is 30 May.

Fernando married Jeanne de Dammartin before 31 Oct 1237 in Burgos, Castile, Spain. Jeanne (daughter of Simon II de Dammartin and Marie of Ponthieu) was born about 1220; died on 15 Mar 1279 in Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France; was buried in Abbey de Valloires, Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 16 Mar 1279, Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France

Notes:

Countess Of Ponthieu, Montreuil, and Aumale.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 4 Aug 1205 and 14 Feb 1206
• Alternate death: Between 4 Aug 1205 and 29 Sep 1205
• Alternate death: Bef 12 Feb 1206

Notes:

Also called Theobald fitz Walter; Theobald Butler. Chief Butler of England; first Chief Butler of Ireland. Sheriff of Lancashire 1194; justice itinerant 1197.

He was raised in the remarkable household of his uncle, the justiciar of England Ranulph de Glanville, along with his brother Hubert Walter (who would become justiciar of England, chancellor of England, and Archbishop of Canterbury); Geoffrey fitz Peter (who would succeed Hubert Walter as justiciar); and, for a few years in the early 1180s, the future king John.

He was not the founder of Cockersand Abbey in Lancashire as reported in CP II; this is corrected in CP XIV. He did, however, found the Abbey of Nenagh. co. Tipperary, 1200; the Abbey of Wotheny, co. Limerick, 1205; and the monastery of Arklow, co. Wicklow.

"Theobald Walter or Fitz Walter, s. and h. of Hervey Walter, of West Dereham, Norfolk (owner of large estates in Norfolk and Suffolk), by Maud, da. and coh. of Theobald de Valoignes, accompanied John, Count of Mortain, Lord of Ireland (afterward King John), in 1185 into Ireland, who conferred on him vast estates in that Kingdom, including (before 1189) the fief of Arldow, &c., and (in or before May 1 192) the important office of Butler [I.], a dignity which, of itself, probably comprised (even if it did not comprise more than) Baronial rank and position for himself and his successors. He is said subsequently to have obtained the valuable monopoly of the prisage of wines [I.], and is styled Theobald Butler certainly as early as 1199. Returning to England, he obtained from Richard I, in 1194, a grant of the Wapentake of Amounderness with the Lordship of Preston, Lancs. He was Sheriff of Lancashire, personally or by deputy 1194-99. In 1197 he was one of the Justices Itinerant. He founded the Abbey of Nenagh, co. Tipperary 1200; the Abbey of Wotheny, co. Limerick (1205), and the monastery of Arklow, co. Wicklow. He m., in or shortly before 1200, Maud, da. of Robert le Vavasour with whom he acquired the manors of Edlington, co. York, Narborough, co. Leicester, &c. He d. between 4 Aug. 1205 and 14 Feb. 1205/6, and was bur. at Wotheny Abbey afsd. His widow m., in 1207, before 1 Oct., Fulk Fitzwarin." [Complete Peerage 2:447-48, as corrected by Volume 14.]

Theobald married Maud le Vavasour before 1201. Maud (daughter of Robert le Vavasour and (Unknown) de Birkin) died before 1226. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

From Antiquities of Shropshire by the Rev. R. W. Eyton [Vol. VII, p. 73]:

Maud le Vavasour was daughter of Robert, granddaughter of William, and sister of John le Vavasour. I think her mother was a daughter of Adam fitz Peter, Lord of Birkyn; for it appears that "Robert le Vavasour gave his share (it was a fourth) of the Vill of Bolton with Matilda le Count, his daughter, in frank marriage to Theobald Walter, and that the said Matilda afterwards gave it to Roger de Burkyn, her Uncle." (Sallay Register, Dugd. MSS. D. 2.)

It is not difficult to say why Maud le Vavasour is called Matilda le Count in the above extract. The names Vavasour and Count are treated as equivalent. It is less easy to determine why the Fitz Warin Chronicle calls the same person Maude de Caus. I, however, suggest an explanation.--

The real Maud de Caus, for there was such a person living at the time of Maud le Vavasour's marriage, was probably her Grandmother. She was daughter and sole heir of that Robert de Chaus who figures in 1165 as a great Derbyshire Feudatory (Liber Niger, I. 225), and who was hereditary Warden of the Forests of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire. Maud de Caus was wife, first of Adam fitz Peter, Lord of Birkyn, and secondly of Ralph fitz Stephen. By her first husband she had issue John de Birkyn, who, on her death in 1224, succeeded to her great inheritance. I think that Roger de Birkyn above-mentioned, and * * * de Birkyn wife of Robert le Vavasour, were also children of Maude de Caus by her first husband.

Maud le Vavasour, thus supposed to be her Granddaughter, had two children by her first husband, Theobald Walter. These were Theobald Walter (II.) and Matilda. Matilda was entrusted by King John to the guardianship of Gilbert fitz Reinfrid; but in 1220 King Henry III. apprises William de Lancaster (Gilbert fitz Reinfrid's son), that Theobald fitz Theobald was now to have charge of his Sister (Pat. 4 Hen. III, m. 5). This Writ, coupled with another of July 1221 (Claus. I. 463), shows that in 1220-1 Theobald Walter (II.) attained his majority.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Apr 1232

Notes:

Despite various online claims to the contrary, he was not the Nicholas of Verdun renowned as a goldsmith and enameller. (Among other things, Bertram of Verdun had no children by his first wife Maud de Ferrers.)

Nicholas married Clemencia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1173, of Ewyas, Herefordshire, England
• Alternate death: Feb 1241
• Alternate death: Bef 24 Feb 1241

Notes:

Died after going blind. "He was one of the great land holders in Ireland and was constantly involved in the disturbances of that province. The 13th century historian Matthew Paris calls him 'the most eminent of all the nobles in Ireland' and in the Annals of the Four Masters he is called 'the bountifullest foreigner in steeds, attire, and gold, that ever came to Erin.'" [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz]

Walter married Margaret de Briouze before 19 Nov 1200. Margaret (daughter of William de Briouze and Maud de St. Valéry) was born about 1181; died after 25 Jun 1245. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1254

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 18 Feb 1225

Notes:

Earl of Norfolk. Hereditary Steward of the Household; Hereditary Warden of Romford.

Magna Carta surety.

Hugh married Maud Marshal, Marshal Of England in 1207. Maud (daughter of William Marshal and Isabel de Clare) was born in 1192; died on 27 Mar 1248; was buried in Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 29 Mar 1248
• Alternate death: Between 1 Apr 1248 and 7 Apr 1248

Notes:

Countess of Norfolk and Surrey.

"Which Maud in July 1246, as senior coh. of her brother Walter, late Earl of Pembroke, was allowed the office of Marshal." [Complete Peerage]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1182

Notes:

Earl of Hereford. Hereditary Constable of England.

"Humphrey (III) de Bohun [...] distinguished himself on the king's side in the war of 1173–4. He was in the royal army at Breteuil in August 1173, and with the justiciar Richard de Lucy later sacked Berwick and led troops into Lothian against William the Lion, king of Scots, before having to return south to deal with rebellion in England. In October 1173 he featured prominently in the defeat and capture of the earl of Leicester and others at Fornham near Bury St Edmunds. He witnessed the treaty of Falaise between Henry II and the king of Scots at the close of 1174. Through his marriage, which took place between February 1171 and Easter 1175, to Margaret (d. 1201), daughter of Henry of Scotland, earl of Northumberland (d. 1152), and widow of Conan (IV), duke of Brittany (d. 1171), he became brother-in-law to the king of Scots. He died while a member of the army led into France towards the end of 1181 by Henry II's sons to assist Philippe II against the count of Flanders, and was buried at Llanthony (Secunda) Priory, Gloucestershire." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Humphrey married Margaret of Huntingdon between 29 Sep 1172 and 1 Jan 1175. Margaret (daughter of Henry of Scotland and Ada de Warenne) was born about 1145; died in 1201; was buried in Sawtrey Abbey, Huntingdonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also Margery, Marjory, Margaret of Scotland.

"Following the Battle of Alnwick in July 1174 (in which her brother William the Lion, King of Scots was captured by the English), Margaret was imprisoned at Rochester Castle and afterwards removed to Rouen. On her release, Margaret married (2nd) in 1175 HUMPHREY DE BOHUN." [Royal Ancestry]

Notes:

Earl of Essex. Chief Justiciar of England from 1198 to his death.

Chief Forester; Sheriff of Northamptonshire 1184-89, 1191-94; Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire 1190-93; Constable of Hertford Castle; Sheriff of Staffordshire 1198; Sheriff of Yorkshire 1198-1200, 1202-4; Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire 1199-1204; Sheriff of Westmorland 1199-1200; Sheriff of Hampshire 1201-4; Sheriff of Shropshire 1201-4.

He was raised in the remarkable household of his uncle, the justiciar of England Ranulph de Glanville, along with, among others, the future king John, and the Walter brothers, nephews of Glanville's wife Bertha de Valognes. Theobald Walter would become chief butler of England and Ireland and the founder of enduring lordships in Munster and Leinster. Hubert Walter would become archbishop of Canterbury, Geoffrey's predecessor as justiciar of England, and then -- after Geoffrey succeeded him as justiciar -- Chancellor of England.

Geoffrey married Beatrice de Say before 25 Jan 1185. Beatrice (daughter of William de Say) died before 19 Apr 1197. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[B]uried in Chicksand Priory, but was transferred thence to Shouldham Priory." [Complete Peerage]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1155
• Alternate death: Nov 1217
• Alternate death: 28 Nov 1217

Notes:

Earl of Hertford and of Gloucester. Also styled Earl of Clare.

Along with his son Gilbert, he was one of the 25 Magna Carta sureties.

Richard married Amice of Gloucester about 1180. Amice (daughter of William fitz Robert and Hawise of Leicester) died on 1 Jan 1225. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Amice fitz William.

According to RA, she was not "recognized" before her death as "Countess of Gloucester," despite CP's assertion to this effect. All contemporary charters and other documents involving her refer to her as countess of Clare, i.e., Hertford.

Notes:

Also spelled William le Mareschal. Earl of Pembroke.

Hereditary Marshal of England; Sheriff of Gloucestershire 1189-94; Sheriff of Sussex 1193-1208; Warden of the Forest of Dean and Constable of St. briavels Castle 1194-1206; Constable of Lillebonne 1202; Protector and Regent of the Kingdom 1216-19; and, in right of his wife, Earl of Pembroke and Striguil and Lord of Leinster. Advisor to King John at Runnymede.

Wikipedia:

"William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke [...], also called William the Marshal (Norman French: Williame le Mareschal; Anglo-Norman: Guillaume le Marechal), was an English (or Anglo-Norman) soldier and statesman. Stephen Langton eulogized him as the 'best knight that ever lived.' He served four kings -- Henry II, Richard I, John, and Henry III -- and rose from obscurity to become a regent of England for the last of the four, and so one of the most powerful men in Europe. Before him, the hereditary title of 'Marshal' designated head of household security for the king of England; by the time he died, people throughout Europe (not just England) referred to him simply as 'the Marshal'. He received the title of 1st Earl of Pembroke through marriage during the second creation of the Pembroke earldom."

William married Isabel de Clare in Aug 1189 in London, England. Isabel (daughter of Richard "Strongbow" fitz Gilbert and Eve of Leinster) was born in 1173; died on 7 Mar 1220; was buried in Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Jan 1212

Notes:

Also called Roger of Chester, Roger Helle, Roger de Lisours.

Hereditary Constable of Cheshire; Sheriff of Lancashire. Sheriff of York and Chester, 1204-10. Was at the storming of Acre, 1191. "His raids against the Welsh are said to have earned him the nickname 'Roger of Hell.'" [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz]

Roger married Maud de Clare. Maud (daughter of Richard de Clare and Amice of Gloucester) died in 1213. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 10 Jul 1220

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1232

Notes:

First of his name. Not to be confused with his younger brother Robert de Quincy (1200-1257).

"The circumstances of his death by misadventure -- he was accidentally poisoned through medicine prepared by a Cistercian monk -- are fully described by Giraldus [Brackley Deeds]. His heart was bur. with that of his mother at Brackley." [Complete Peerage]

Robert married Hawise of Chester between 1197 and 1200. Hawise (daughter of Hugh of Chester and Bertrade de Montfort) was born in 1180; died before 19 Feb 1243. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1174 and 1181
• Alternate death: Between 1241 and 1243
• Alternate death: 6 Jun 1241
• Alternate death: Bef 3 Mar 1243
• Alternate death: 6 Jun 1243

Notes:

Suo jure Countess of Lincoln.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1167

Notes:

Nicknamed "Lackland".

"With regard to the birthdate of John, there have been disagreements as to the exact date and year, because of discrepancies in the sources. This was recently discussed in detail in Lewis (2002), where the conclusion was reached that 1166 was more likely than 1167. A statement in the early thirteenth century that John received that name because he was born about the time of the feast of St. John (27 December) would, if true, indicate that date as a plausible date of birth [Ex chronico anonymi canonici, ut videtur, Laudensis, RHF 13, 678-9]. However, that source only indicates a birth on about that date ('circa festum S. Johannis natus fuit'), not on it." [Stewart Baldwin, The Henry Project]

For at least part of his upbringing, he was raised in the remarkable household of his father Henry II's justiciar Ranulph de Glanville, along with, among others, the Walter brothers, nephews of Glanville's wife Bertha de Valognes. Theobald Walter would become, under John, chief butler of England and Ireland and the founder of enduring lordships in Munster and Leinster. Hubert Walter would become archbishop of Canterbury, Ranulph de Glanville's successor as justiciar of England, and then, in John's kingship, chancellor of England. Also raised and educated in the same household was Geoffrey fitz Peter, who would become John's justiciar.

John married Isabel of Angoulême, Queen Consort of England on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Isabel (daughter of Adémar and Alix de Courtenay) died on 31 May 1246; was buried in Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Jun 1246
• Alternate death: 4 Jun 1246, Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France

Notes:

Countess of Angoulême. Crowned Queen of England on 8 Oct 1200.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1198

Notes:

Count of Provence & Forcalquier, 1209-45.

Raymond married Beatrice of Savoy on 5 Dec 1220. Beatrice (daughter of Tomaso I and Margaret of Geneva) died in Dec 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1166

Notes:

Called "el Baboso," "the Slobberer," supposedly because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth. Despite this, he is also notable for having founded the University of Salamanca and for convening what was arguably the first parliament in Western Europe that included representatives of the urban bourgeoisie. Our theory is that he was a marooned time-traveler from the future: if you found yourself stuck in twelfth-century Spain, you'd foam at the mouth once in a while too.

From Wikipedia:

In spite of the democratic precedent represented by the Cortes and the founding of the University of Salamanca, Alfonso is often chiefly remembered for the difficulties his successive marriages caused between him with Pope Celestine III. He was first married in 1191 to his first cousin, Theresa of Portugal, who bore him two daughters, and a son who died young. The marriage was declared null by the papal legate Cardinal Gregory for consanguinity.

After Alfonso VIII of Castile was defeated at the Battle of Alarcos, Alfonso IX invaded Castile with the aid of Muslim troops. He was summarily excommunicated by Pope Celestine III. In 1197, Alfonso IX married his first cousin once removed, Berengaria of Castile, to cement peace between León and Castile. For this second act of consanguinity, the king and the kingdom were placed under interdict by representatives of the Pope. In 1198, Pope Innocent III declared Alfonso and Berengaria's marriage invalid, but they stayed together until 1204. The annulment of this marriage by the pope drove the younger Alfonso to again attack his cousin in 1204, but treaties made in 1205, 1207, and 1209 each forced him to concede further territories and rights. The treaty in 1207 is the first existing public document in the Castilian dialect.

The Pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that, if the people could not obtain the services of religion, they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy. Berengaria left him after the birth of five children, and the king then returned to Theresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom in his will.

Alfonso married Berenguela I of Castile, Queen Of Castile & Toledo before 17 Dec 1197 in Valladolid, Castile, Spain. Berenguela (daughter of Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, Toledo, and Extramadura and Eleanor of England) was born about 1180; died on 8 Nov 1246 in Las Huelgas, near Burgos, Castile, Spain; was buried in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1179-1180
• Alternate birth: Between Jan 1180 and Jun 1180
• Alternate birth: Bef Aug 1180, Burgos, Castile, Spain
• Alternate death: 8 Nov 1244

Notes:

Also called Berengaria.

"The couple separated due to consanguinity in 1204, after which she returned to her father's dominions, where she became regent for her younger brother, Enrique I, King of Castile. She abdicated the throne of Castile 31 Aug 1217, in favor of her son, Fernando." [Royal Ancestry]

"Starting in 1198, Pope Innocent III objected to the marriage on the grounds of consanguinity, though the couple stayed together until 1204. They vehemently sought a dispensation in order to stay together, including offering large sums of money. However, the pope denied their request, although they succeeded in having their children considered legitimate. Her marriage dissolved, Berengaria returned to Castile and to her parents in May 1204, where she dedicated herself to the care of her children." [Wikipedia]

Notes:

Annulled by Pope Innocent III on grounds of consanguinity.

Notes:

Count of Aumale.

Simon married Marie of Ponthieu in Sep 1208. Marie (daughter of William II Talvas and Alix of France) was born before 17 Apr 1199; died in Sep 1250 in Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1195 and 17 Apr 1199
• Alternate birth: 17 Sep 1199

Notes:

Countess of Ponthieu and Montreuil. Also called Jeanne.