William de Grandison

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1243, of Ashperton, Ledbury, Herefordshire, England
• Alternate death: 17 Jun 1335

Notes:

1st Baron Grandison 1299?1335, Knight, Deputy Justiciar of North Wales 1284?1293, Deputy Warden of the Channel Islands 1294?1296.

He served in the household of Edmund "Crouchback", Earl of Lancaster. He fought in the Scottish wars and was at the seige of Caerlaverock. He was an executor of Edmund's will and of that of his widow Blanche of Artois.

Summoned to Parliament by writs dated from 6 Feb 1299 to 10 Oct 1325.

William married Sibyl de Tregoz before 1286. Sibyl (daughter of John de Tregoz and Mabel Fitzwarine) was born about 1272; died on 21 Oct 1334 in Dore, Herefordshire, England; was buried in Dore Abbey, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mabel married John de Pateshulle before 1313. John (son of Simon de Pateshulle and Isabel de Stonegrave) was born about 1291 in of Bletsoe, Bedfordshire, England; died between Jul 1349 and Aug 1349. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married William de Montagu before 1328. William (son of William de Montagu and Elizabeth de Montfort) was born between 1302 and 1303 in of Shepton Montague, Somerset, England; died on 30 Jan 1344. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 4 Dec 1438

Agnes married John de Northwode before 1307. John (son of John de Northwode and Joan de Badlesmere) was born in of Northwood in Sheppey, Kent, England; died before 1318. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Walter de Fauconberge about Dec 1330. Walter (son of John de Faucomberge and Eve de Bulmer) was born before 1319 in of Skelton, Yorkshire, England; died on 29 Sep 1362; was buried in Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Sibyl married Roger de Beauchamp before 15 Mar 1337. Roger (son of Roger de Beauchamp) was born in of Bloxham, Oxfordshire, England; died on 3 Jan 1380. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Wake. Thomas (son of Thomas Wake and Elizabeth de Cransley) was born in of Blysworth, Northamptonshire, England; died after 12 Sep 1379; was buried in East Deeping Church, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Roger de Mortimer. Roger (son of Edmund de Mortimer and Elizabeth de Badlesmere) was born on 11 Nov 1328 in Ludlow, Shropshire, England; died on 26 Feb 1360 in Rouvray, Côte d'Or, Burgundy, France; was buried in Wigmore Abbey, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Sybil married Edmund Fitz Alan before 16 Jul 1347. Edmund (son of Richard Fitz Alan and Isabel le Despenser) was born about 1329 in of Chedzoy, Devon, England; died before 12 Feb 1382. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 4 Mar 1390

Family/Spouse: Margaret Monthermer. Margaret (daughter of Thomas de Monthermer and Margaret de Brewes) was born in 1329; died on 24 Mar 1395; was buried in Selwood Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Roger married Juliane de Say after 23 Mar 1322. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Skelton, Yorkshire, England

Notes:

"In 1378, having joined or supported the King of France, he was imprisoned as a traitor for at least thirteen years, part of that time in the custody of his brother, Roger; thereafter it was indicated in at least some records that he was not of sound mind." [Terry J. Booth, citation details below]

Family/Spouse: Joan Bromflete. Joan died on 4 Mar 1409. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Constance Felton before 21 Sep 1354. Constance died before 8 Jun 1402. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Roger married Margaret about 1370. Margaret died after 10 Dec 1391. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Complete Peerage volume 14, the additions-and-corrigenda volume, notes that this Roger Beauchamp marriedly, secondly, Joan, daughter and heir of Sir Walter Clopton, widow of Sir Walter Walcot of Gunton, Norfolk. CP14 further notes that Joan cannot have been the mother of Roger's heir Roger, who was born in 1362, because Walter Walcot didn't die until 1366.

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Philip Courtenay about 1378. Philip (son of Hugh de Courtenay and Margaret de Bohun) was born in of Powderham, Exminster, Devon, England; died on 29 Jul 1406. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of March. Earl of Ulster.

From Wikipeia:

An infant at the death of his father, Edmund, as a ward of the crown, was placed by Edward III of England under the care of William of Wykeham and Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel.

The position of the young earl, powerful on account of his possessions and hereditary influence in the Welsh marches, was rendered still more important by his marriage on 24 August 1369 at the age of 17 to the 14-year-old Philippa, the only child of the late Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, the second son of Edward III.

Lionel's late wife, Elizabeth, had been daughter and heiress of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, and Lionel had himself been created Earl of Ulster before his marriage. Edmund inherited the title Earl of Ulster on Lionel's death.

Therefore, the Earl of March not only represented one of the chief Anglo-Norman lordships in Ireland in right of his wife Philippa, but Philippa's line was also the second most senior line of descent in the succession to the crown, after Edward, the Black Prince and his son, King Richard II of England. John of Gaunt, younger brother of Prince Edward, had become the 1st Duke of Lancaster and thus the source of the House of Lancaster's claim to the throne.

This marriage had, therefore, far-reaching consequences in English history, ultimately giving rise to the claim of the House of York to the crown of England contested in the Wars of the Roses between the Yorks and the Lancasters; Edward IV being descended from the second adult son of Edward III as great-great-grandson of Philippa, countess of March, and in the male line from Edmund of Langley, the first Duke of York and the fourth adult son of Edward III.

Edmund Mortimer's son Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March would become heir presumptive to the English crown during the reign of Richard II.

Mortimer, now styled Earl of March and Ulster, became Marshal of England in 1369, and was employed in various diplomatic missions during the next following years. He was a member of the committee appointed by the Peers to confer with the Commons in 1373 - the first instance of such a joint conference since the institution of representative parliaments on the question of granting supplies for John of Gaunt's war in France.

He participated in the opposition to Edward III and the court party, which grew in strength towards the end of the reign, taking the popular side and being prominent in the Good Parliament of 1376 among the lords who supported the Prince of Wales and opposed the Court Party and John of Gaunt. The Speaker of the House of Commons in this parliament was March's steward, Peter de la Mare, (1294-1387 of Little Hereford, Hereford), who firmly withstood John of Gaunt in stating the grievances of the Commons, in supporting the impeachment of several high court officials, and in procuring the banishment of the king's mistress, Alice Perrers. March was a member of the administrative council appointed by the same parliament after the death of Edward, the Black Prince to attend the king and advise him in all public affairs.

Following the end of the Good Parliament its acts were reversed by John of Gaunt, March's steward was jailed, and March himself was ordered to inspect Calais and other remote royal castles as part of his duty as Marshal of England. March chose instead to resign the post.

On the accession of Richard II, a minor, in 1377, the Earl became a member of the standing council of government; though as husband of the heir-presumptive to the crown he wisely abstained from claiming any actual administrative office. The richest and most powerful person in the realm was, however, the king's uncle John of Gaunt, whose jealousy led March to accept the office of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1379. March succeeded in asserting his authority in eastern Ulster, but failed to subdue the O'Neills farther west. Proceeding to Munster to put down the turbulent southern chieftains, March was killed at Cork on 27 December 1381. He was buried in Wigmore Abbey, of which he had been a benefactor, and where his wife Philippa was also interred.

Edmund married Philippe of Clarence about May 1368 in Reading, Berkshire, England. Philippe (daughter of Lionel of Antwerp and Elizabeth de Burgh) was born on 16 Aug 1355 in Eltham, Kent, England; was christened in Eltham, Kent, England; died before 8 Jan 1378; was buried in Wigmore Abbey, Herefordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippa married Richard Sergeaux before 1371. Richard (son of Richard Sergeaux and Margaret Seneschal) was born in of Colquite, Cornwall, England; died on 30 Sep 1393. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Leonard de Carew. Leonard (son of John de Carew and Margaret de Mohun) was born on 23 Apr 1342 in Stoke Fleming, Devon, England; died on 9 Oct 1369. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

3rd Earl of Salisbury. King's knight. Pricy councillor, 1395. Deputy Earl Marshall of England, 1398. Summoned to Parliament 18 Jul 1397 to 30 Sep 1399 as Earl of Salisbury. Beheaded for conspiring against Henry IV.

John married Maud Fraunceys before 4 May 1383. Maud (daughter of Adam Fraunceys, Lord Mayor of London and Agnes Champneys) died before 5 Aug 1424. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 1394

Eleanor married John Dinham before 3 Feb 1380. John (son of John de Dinham and Muriel Courtenay) was born between 1358 and 1359 in of Hartland, Devon, England; died on 25 Dec 1428; was buried in St. Mary's, Kingskerswell, Devon, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Summoned to Parliament by writ from 1 Jun 1363.

John married Joan Hert in 1350. Joan (daughter of Robert Hert) died after Aug 1398. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1375, of Flixborough, Lincolnshire, England

Notes:

Complete Peerage (5:279) says that he died without issue, but in 2023 Terry Booth (citation details below) showed that at least four clearly-documented children survived him.

Walter married Maud Greystoke about 1408. Maud (daughter of Ralph de Greystoke and Katherine Clifford) was born about 1380; died after 1437. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Bedfordshire, 1399; Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, 1401-2.

Family/Spouse: Mary. Mary died between 1411 and 1415. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 1406

John married Joan Champernoun about 1403. Joan (daughter of Richard Champernoun and Alice Astley) died in 1419. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 13 Feb 1371, Usk, Monmouthshire, Wales

Elizabeth married Henry "Hotspur" Percy before 10 Dec 1379. Henry (son of Henry Percy and Margaret de Neville) was born on 20 May 1364; died on 21 Jul 1403 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of March.

Roger married Eleanor Holland about 7 Oct 1388. Eleanor (daughter of Thomas de Holland and Alice Fitz Alan) died in Oct 1405. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also spelled Cergeaux.

Alice married Richard de Vere between 1406 and 1407. Richard (son of Aubrey Vere and Alice Fitz Walter) was born about 1385; died on 15 Feb 1417; was buried in Earl's Colne Priory, Halstead, Great Bromley, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 13 Jul 1420

Philippa married Robert Pashley before Jun 1397. Robert (son of Robert Pashley) was born about 1370 in of Pashley, Sussex, England; died after 1399. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

King's knight. Constable of Narberth Castle in Pembrokeshire. Captain of Harfleur.

He was a major figure in the wars against Owen Glendower. He was present at the 1407 siege of Aberystwyth. He appears to have been active in various maritime pursuits, including the capture of shipping from Gascony, Spain, and La Rochelle. In 1422 he was ambassador on a secret mission to negotiate with the king of Portugal.

Thomas married Elizabeth Bonville before 1395. Elizabeth (daughter of William Bonville and Margaret d'Aumarle) died before 1 Nov 1452. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Richard Hankford. Richard (son of Richard Hankford and Thomasine de Stapeldon) was born about 21 Jul 1397 in of Tawstock, Devon, England; died on 8 Feb 1431. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Lewis John about 1433. Lewis was born in of Wales; died on 27 Oct 1442. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Abt 1428

Notes:

4th Earl of Salisbury. Count of Perche. Died of wounds sustained at the Siege or Orléans. He was one of the most important English commanders of the Hundred Years' War.

Thomas married Eleanor Holland before 24 May 1399. Eleanor (daughter of Thomas de Holland and Alice Fitz Alan) was born on 29 Nov 1384; died after 8 Oct 1413; was buried in Bisham Priory, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Alice Chaucer before Jun 1424. Alice (daughter of Thomas Chaucer and Maud Burghersh) was born between 1404 and 1405; died on 20 May 1475; was buried in Ewelme, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Muriel married Edward Hastings before 20 Feb 1406. Edward (son of Hugh Hastings and Anne Despenser) was born on 21 May 1382 in Fenwick, Yorkshire, England; died on 6 Jan 1438. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Juliane married John Dygge about Nov 1379. John (son of Roger Dygge and Albina) was born in of Diggs Court in Barham, Kent, England; died in 1421. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Whitton, Lincolnshire, England

Notes:

"Thomas Faucomberge of Skelton who died in 1407 had a younger brother, Sir Roger Faucomberge, who predeceased his brother. Sir Roger's heir was his son Sir Walter Faucomberge, who is mentioned in the ipm of Thomas Faucomberge (CIPM, vol. 19, no. 386). Sir Walter Faucomberge died on 1 September 1415 (CIPM, vol. 20, no. 298-9). Unfortunately the ipm of Walter does not mention his heirs, and neither does his will (Early Lincoln Wills, 120) so the trail breaks at this point, but it seems likely to me that this Sir Walter Faucomberge was the father of Sir Roger Faucomberge (d. Jun 1455), Isabel, wife of Gerard Sothill and Constance wife of Anthony Nuthill. " [John Watson, citation details below.]

Isabel married Edmund Percehay before 1437. Edmund was born about 1380 in of Lincolnshire, England; died before 1447. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Gerard Sothill before 1447. Gerard (son of Gerard Sothill and Joan) was born on 14 Sep 1398 in of Redbourne, Glanford Brigg, Lincolnshire, England; died on 29 Oct 1462. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Edith Stourton before 1410. Edith (daughter of John Stourton and Alice) died on 13 Jun 1441. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Powderham, Exminster, Devon, England
• Alternate death: 14 Dec 1476

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Devon, 1455-56. "In 1440 he was joint commander of a fleet commissioned to repress pirates, and in 1445 he obtained a license so his ship, Trinity Cou[r]tenay, could take pilgrims to St. James in Galicia in northwestern Spain." [Carl Boyer, citation details below]

Philip married Elizabeth Hungerford about 1426. Elizabeth (daughter of Walter Hungerford, Speaker of the House of Commons and Catherine Peverell) died on 14 Dec 1476. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 26 Oct 1437

Elizabeth married John Clifford between Aug 1403 and 5 Nov 1412. John (son of Thomas de Clifford and Elizabeth de Ros) was born about 1389; died on 13 Mar 1422 in Mieux, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was restored as Earl of Northumberland in 1416 and regranted his father's entailed estates. He was knighted by the king, to whom he remained faithful all his life. He was slain fighting for the Lancastrian cause at the First Battle of St. Albans.

Family/Spouse: Eleanor Neville. Eleanor (daughter of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) died about 1473. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

She has to have died on or after 22 September 1411, since that is the day her son Richard was born.

Anne married Richard of Conisburgh before 23 May 1408. Richard (son of Edmund of Langley and Isabella of Castile) was born about 1375 in Conisburgh Castle, Yorkshire, England; died on 5 Aug 1415 in Southampton, Hampshire, England; was buried in Southampton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

12th Earl of Oxford. Privy councilor, 1431, 1454.

His career is marked by a consistent reluctance to take sides in the developing conflict between York and Lancaster. Ultimatelt, in 1459, he declared for Lancaster, just in time for the Yorkist victory at Northampton in July 1460. In February 1462 he was arrested for high treason, tried, convicted, and beheaded on Tower Hill.

John married Elizabeth Howard between 22 May 1425 and 31 Aug 1425. Elizabeth (daughter of John Howard and Joan Walton) was born about 1410; died about 28 Dec 1473; was buried in Austin Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Edward Tyrrell. Edward (son of Walter Tyrrell and Eleanor Flambard) was born in of Hatfield Broadoak, Essex, England; died on 17 Dec 1442; was buried in Church of the Franciscans, Chelmsford, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan Courtenay. Joan (daughter of Hugh Courtenay and Philippe l'Arcedekne) died before 3 Aug 1465. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Thomas Butler before 11 Jul 1445. Thomas (son of James le Boteler and Joan Beauchamp) died on 3 Aug 1515; was buried in Mercer's Chapel, Cheapside, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Wingfield. John (son of Robert Wingfield and Elizabeth Goushill) was born in of Letheringham, Suffolk, England; died on 11 May 1481; was buried in Letheringham, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Alice Montagu.

Alice married Richard Neville before Mar 1420 in Orléans, Loiret, France. Richard (son of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) was born about 1401; died on 30 Dec 1460 in Pontefract, Yorkshire, England; was buried in Bisham Priory, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1411, of Gressenhall, Norfolk, England

John married Anne Morley about 21 Apr 1434. Anne (daughter of Thomas Morley and Isabel de la Pole) died in 1471; was buried in Gressenhall, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Gilbert Debenham in 1432. Gilbert (son of Gilbert Debenham and Ellen Jernegan) was born about 1402; died on 10 May 1481. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Juliane Horne before 1413. Juliane was born in of Popeshall, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Fulnetby. John (son of John Fulnetby and Joan) was born about 1425. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Agnes. Agnes died after 27 Jul 1525. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

By later marriages she became Duchess of Somerset and Countess of Kendale.

Family/Spouse: Oliver St. John. Oliver (son of John St. John and Isabel) was born about 1398 in of Fonmon, Glamorgan, Wales; died in 1437 in Gloucestershire, England; was buried in Church of the Jacobins, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married John Beaufort after 2 Aug 1441. John (son of John Beaufort and Margaret Holand) was born about 25 Mar 1404; died on 27 May 1444; was buried in Wimborne Minster, Dorset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Lionel Welles in Apr 1447. Lionel (son of Eudes Welles and Maud Greystoke) was born about 1406 in of Belleau, Lincolnshire, England; died on 29 Mar 1461 in Towton, Yorkshire, England; was buried in Methley, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Devon at least four times in the 1470s and 1480s.

Sheriff of Devon, 1470-1. Knight of the Body to Richard III, 1484-85.

Philip married Elizabeth Wonwell about 1459. Elizabeth (daughter of John Wonwell and Jane) was born in 1432; died on 31 Jul 1482. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married James Luttrell between 1450 and 1451. James (son of John Luttrell and Margaret Tuchet) was born between 1426 and 1427 in of Dunster, Williton, Somerset, England; died on 17 Feb 1461. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Philip Wentworth. Philip (son of Roger Wentworth and Margery le Despenser) was born about 1424; died on 18 May 1464 in Middleham, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Heriditary sheriff of Westmorland. He was summoned to Parliament from 19 Dec 1436 to 1453. In 1435 he was a member of the Duke of Bedford's retinue in France. A Lancastrian, he was slain fighting for Henry VI at the Battle of St. Albans.

Thomas married Joan Dacre after Mar 1424. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Northumberland. Summoned to Parliament from 14 Dec 1446 to 26 May 1455 by writs directed Henrico de Percy, chivaler, domino de Ponynges. Slain fighting for the king at the Battle of Towton.

Henry married Eleanor Poynings before 25 Jun 1435. Eleanor (daughter of Richard Poynings and Eleanor Berkeley) died on 11 Feb 1484. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Edmund Grey before 1440. Edmund (son of John Grey and Constance Holand) was born on 26 Oct 1416; died on 22 May 1490. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Bourchier. Henry (son of William Bourchier and Anne of Gloucester) died in 1483. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of York. Often called "Richard Plantagenet," a surname which he actually used on occasion in his own lifetime, something not done by any other Plantagenet. Killed in the Battle of Wakefield.

"[T]he most powerful subject in England, heir of the Mortimer claim to the crown, king's lieutenant in Normandy and Ireland, self-interest mingled in him with a love of justice and desire for administrative reform, he claimed the throne but was defeated and slain in battle." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Noted in a footnote on page 69 of The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below): "Nearly every source has his date of birth as 21 September. However, CP 14:642 includes a correction to CP 12(2):905, that changes the date of birth to 22 September. Johnson, Duke Richard of York, 1 n. 1, has 22 September, noting that it was on the feast of St. Maurice."

Richard married Cecily Neville before 18 Oct 1424. Cecily (daughter of Ralph de Neville and Joan Beaufort) was born on 3 May 1415; died on 31 May 1495 in Berkhamsted Castle, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Fotheringay, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Jane.

Family/Spouse: William Norreys. William (son of John Norreys and Alice Merbrook) was born about 1441 in of Yattendon, Berkshire, England; died before 10 Jan 1507. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Philippa married Thomas Cornwallis before 1446. Thomas (son of John Cornwallis and Philippe Bucton) was born about 1421 in of Brome, Suffolk, England; died on 26 May 1484. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan Carminow. Joan (daughter of Thomas Carminow and Joan Hill) died before 12 Apr 1502. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Margaret Ormond. According to Walter Rye (citation details below), she died insane.

Margaret married William Boleyn before 16 Nov 1469. William (son of Geoffrey Boleyn, Lord Mayor of London and Anne Hoo) was born about 1451 in of Blickling, Norfolk, England; died on 5 Oct 1505; was buried in Norwich Cathedral, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster; Privy Counsellor; Lord Deputy of Calais; High Steward of Cambridge University.

He fought against the Cornish rebels in 1497, was present at the siege of Tournai in 1513, attended the king and queen at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520, and held chief command (under the earl of Surrey) of English forces in France in 1522-23.

Richard married Katherine Woodville on 24 Feb 1496. Katherine (daughter of Richard Woodville and Jacquetta of Luxembourg) was born about 1458; died on 18 May 1497. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Bridget Wiltshire before 1513. Bridget (daughter of John Wiltshire and Margaret) died after Jan 1534. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Thomas Stanley between 1455 and 1459. Thomas (son of Thomas Stanley and Joan Goushill) was born about 1433; died on 29 Jul 1504 in Lathom, Cheshire, England; was buried in Burscough Priory, Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

16th Earl of Warwick. 6th Earl of Salisbury. "The Kingmaker." Killed at the Battle of Barnet.

Richard married Anne Beauchamp in 1434. Anne (daughter of Richard de Beauchamp and Isabel le Despenser) was born on 13 Jul 1429; died about 20 Sep 1492. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Catherine married William Bonville in 1458. William (son of William Bonville and Margaret Grey) died on 31 Dec 1460 in Wakefield, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Robert Hildyard before 8 Apr 1459. Robert (son of Robert Hildyard and Katherine de la Hay) was born about 1435 in of Winestead, Yorkshire, England; died on 21 May 1501. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anne Gascoigne. Anne (daughter of William Gascoigne and Margaret Clarell) died after 7 Jun 1488. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Between 5 Dec 1502 and 9 Feb 1503

Notes:

"Elizabeth (Debenham) Brewse was heavily involved in the 1477 negotiations for the marriage of her eldest daughter to John Paston, during which she stressed her own advantageous family connection to 'my nowncle Hastynges' [i.e., John Hastings of Gressenhall (1412-1477)]. Elizabeth was also instrumental in reversing the attainder of her childless brother Sir Gilbert Debenham. She paid £500 in 1501, which helped her eldest son and heir Robert Brewse recover some of the Debenham lands in 1504 and 1507." [Brad Verity, citation details below.]

Elizabeth married Thomas Brewse before 1445. Thomas (son of Robert Brewes and Ela Stapleton) was born about 1406 in of Stinton, Norfolk, England; died on 17 Jun 1482; was buried in Woodbridge Priory, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Regarding his date of death, Kirk and Hollick say in a footnote that "[o]n 30 August 1523, John Fulveby [sic] was granted a commission to collect royal subsidy
in Lincolnshire, but on 3 November 1528 he was noted as deceased in the will
of Thomas Bryge of Sausthorpe.."

John married Jane Dymoke about 1485. Jane (daughter of Thomas Dymoke and Margaret Welles) was born about 1467. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1544

Isabel married Oliver Wentworth before 1520. Oliver (son of Thomas Wentworth and Jane Mirfield) was born about 1490 in of Goxhill, Glanford Brigg, Lincolnshire, England; died between 7 Dec 1558 and 28 Jan 1559. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Fought for his half-nephew Henry VII at the Battle of Stoke, for which service he was made a Knight of the Bath.

Family/Spouse: Alice Bradschagh. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[S]trong partisan of the cause of her son King Henry VII, worthy and high-minded, patroness of learning and of the early printed book, founder of St. John's and Christ's College, Cambridge." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Margaret married Edmund Tudor in 1455. Edmund (son of Owen ap Maredudd ap Tudur and Catherine of Valois, Queen Consort of England) was born about 1430 in Much Hadham, Hertfordshire, England; died on 3 Nov 1456 in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Thomas Stanley in 1472. Thomas (son of Thomas Stanley and Joan Goushill) was born about 1433; died on 29 Jul 1504 in Lathom, Cheshire, England; was buried in Burscough Priory, Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Champernoun. John (son of William Champernoun and Elizabeth Chuderlegh) was born about 1458 in of Modbury, Devon, England; died on 30 Apr 1503 in Aston-Rowant, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Somerset and Dorset 1488-89.

He was created a Knight of the Bath at the coronation of Elizabeth, wife of Henry VII. In 1501 he was selected to escort Katherine of Aragón on her arrival in England from Crewkerne to Sherborne.

Hugh married Margaret Hill in 1487. Margaret (daughter of Robert Hill and Alice Stourton) died before 1508. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hugh married Welthian Yarde before Feb 1508. Welthian died after 7 Jun 1521. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 28 Apr 1479

Family/Spouse: Thomas Cotton. Thomas (son of William Cotton and Alice Abbott) was born in 1438; died on 30 Jul 1499. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Martin de la See. Martin (son of Brian de la See and Maud Monceaux) was born about 1420 in of Barmston, Yorkshire, England; died between 20 Nov 1494 and 15 Dec 1494; was buried in All Hallows, Barmston, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ann Saye. Ann (daughter of John Say and Elizabeth Cheyne) died after 25 Feb 1484. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Notwithstanding the Wikipedia text below, historians have noted that it was only several decades after the Battle of Wakefield that mentions begin of John Clifford personally slaying the Earl of Rutland, and Clifford is first called "Butcher Clifford" no earlier than 1540.

From Wikipedia (accessed 2 Jan 2024):

John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford, 9th Lord of Skipton [...] was a Lancastrian military leader during the Wars of the Roses in England. The Clifford family was one of the most prominent families among the northern English nobility of the fifteenth century, and by the marriages of his sisters, John Clifford had links to some very important families of the time, including the earls of Devon. He was orphaned at twenty years of age when his father was slain by partisans of the House of York at the first battle of the Wars of the Roses, the Battle of St Albans in 1455. It was probably as a result of his father's death there that Clifford became one of the strongest supporters of Margaret of Anjou, wife of King Henry VI, who ended up as effective leader of the Lancastrian faction.

Clifford had already achieved prominence in the north where, as an ally of the son of the earl of Northumberland, he took part in a feud against the Neville family, the Percy's natural rivals in Yorkshire. This consisted of a series of armed raids, assaults and skirmishes, and included an ambush on one of the younger Nevilles' wedding parties in 1453. Historians have seen a direct connection between his involvement in the local feud in the north with the Nevilles, and his involvement in the national struggle against the duke of York, with whom the Nevilles were closely allied with in the late 1450s. Although this was supposedly a period of temporary peace between the factions, Clifford and his allies appear to have made numerous attempts to ambush the Neville and Yorkist lords.

Armed conflict erupted again in 1459, and again Clifford was found on the side of King Henry and Queen Margaret. Clifford took part in the parliament that attainted the Yorkists -- by now in exile -- and he took a share of the profits from their lands, as well as being appointed to offices traditionally in their keeping. The Yorkist lords returned from exile in June 1460 and subsequently defeated a royal army at Northampton. As a result of the royalist defeat, Clifford was ordered to surrender such castles and offices as he had from the Nevilles back to them, although it is unlikely that he did so. In fact, he and his fellow northern Lancastrian lords merely commenced a campaign of destruction on Neville and Yorkist estates and tenantry, to such an extent that in December 1460, the duke of York and his close ally, the earl of Salisbury, raised an army and headed north to crush the Lancastrian rebellion. This winter campaign culminated in the Battle of Wakefield in the last days of the year, and was a decisive victory for the Lancastrian army, of which Clifford was by now an important commander. The battle resulted in the deaths of both York and Salisbury, but was probably most notorious for Clifford's slaying of Edmund, Earl of Rutland, York's seventeen-year-old second son and the younger brother of the future King Edward IV. This may have resulted in Clifford's being nicknamed "Butcher Clifford", although historians disagree as to how widely used by contemporaries this term was.

Clifford accompanied the royal army on its march south early the next year, where, although wounded, he played a leading part in the second Battle of St Albans, and then afterwards with the Queen to the north. The Yorkist army, now under the command of Edward of York and Richard, Earl of Warwick, pursued the Lancastrians to Yorkshire and eventually defeated them at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461. Clifford though was not present; he had been slain in a skirmish with a Yorkist advance party the previous day. Following the coronation of the by-then victorious Edward IV, he was attainted and his lands confiscated by the Crown.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Bromflete. Margaret (daughter of Henry Bromflete and Eleanor Fitz Hugh) died on 12 Apr 1493; was buried in Londesborough, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married William Gascoigne before 1469. William (son of William Gascoigne and Joan Neville) was born about 1450 in of Gawthorpe, Yorkshire, England; died on 12 Mar 1487. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

2nd Earl of Kent. Constable of Northampton Castle.

George married Anne Woodville after 1482. Anne (daughter of Richard Woodville and Jacquetta of Luxembourg) died on 30 Jul 1489; was buried in Warden Abbey, Bedfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Grey. John (son of Reynold Grey and Tacine of Somerset) was born in of Wilton, Herefordshire, England; died on 3 Apr 1499; was buried in White Friars, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Bef 14 Feb 1479

Notes:

Fought on the victorious Yorkist side at the Battle of Barnet.

Family/Spouse: Anne Woodville. Anne (daughter of Richard Woodville and Jacquetta of Luxembourg) died on 30 Jul 1489; was buried in Warden Abbey, Bedfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Elizabeth Woodville, Queen Consort of England on 1 May 1464. Elizabeth (daughter of Richard Woodville and Jacquetta of Luxembourg) was born in 1437 in Grafton Regis, Northamptonshire, England; died on 8 Jun 1492 in Bermondsey Priory, Surrey, England; was buried on 12 Jun 1492 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Anne Neville, Queen Consort of England on 12 Jul 1472 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. Anne (daughter of Richard Neville and Anne Beauchamp) was born on 11 Jun 1456 in Warwick Castle, Warwickshire, England; died on 16 Mar 1485 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Margaret Norris.

Family/Spouse: Gilbert Bullock. Gilbert (son of Robert Bullock and Eleanor) was born in of Arborfield, Berkshire, England; died before 1514. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Justice of the peace for Suffolk.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Stanford. Elizabeth (daughter of John Stanford and Joan Butler) died on 1 Apr 1537; was buried in Thrandeston, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sheriff of Devon, 1469-70.

Nicholas married Margaret Dinham after 26 Oct 1461. Margaret (daughter of John Dinham and Joan Arches) died on 13 Dec 1471; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert Clere. Robert (son of Robert Clere and Elizabeth Uvedale) was born in of Ormesby, Norfolk, England; died on 10 Aug 1529; was buried in Ormesby St. Margaret, Ormesby, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Earl of Wiltshire. 1st Earl of Ormond. 1st Viscount Rochford.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Howard. Elizabeth (daughter of Thomas Howard and Elizabeth Tilney) was born about 1480; died on 3 Apr 1538. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Norfolk, 1529. Chancellor of the household of his neice, Anne Boleyn, 1533-36. Knight of the body to Henry VIII by 1533.

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Wood. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Edward of Westminster in Aug 1470. Edward (son of Henry VI, King of England and lord of Ireland and Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of England) was born on 13 Oct 1453 in Westminster, Middlesex, England; died on 4 May 1471 in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Richard III, King of England on 12 Jul 1472 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. Richard (son of Richard of York and Cecily Neville) was born on 2 Oct 1452 in Fotheringay Castle, Northamptonshire, England; died on 22 Aug 1485 in Bosworth Field, Leicestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Thomas Grey. Thomas (son of John Grey and Elizabeth Woodville, Queen Consort of England) died on 20 Sep 1501. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Piers Hildyard.

Peter married Jane de la See between 1480 and 1485. Jane (daughter of Martin de la See and Elizabeth Wentworth) died between 20 Jul 1527 and 7 Apr 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Muriel married Ralph Eure on 18 Jan 1482. Ralph (son of William Eure and Margaret Constable) was born in of Ayton in Pickering Lythe, Yorkshire, England; died on 22 Oct 1539. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margery married John Paston in Jul 1477. John (son of John Paston and Margaret Mautby) was born in 1444; died on 28 Aug 1504; was buried in Carmelite Friars, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Baynton. John (son of Robert Baynton and Elizabeth Haute) was born about 1460 in of Bromham, Wiltshire, England; died on 31 Oct 1516; was buried in St. Nicholas, Bromham, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married William Dynewell about 1510. William was born about 1485; died before 6 Jan 1544; was buried on 6 Jan 1544 in Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[H]e had, when he died, another wife, named Anne, with whom, from various evidences, he does not appear to have been on the best of terms. He was living at Waltham, and she at Kirton, in a distant part of Lincolnshire, and the only bequest he makes to her in his Will is of 'such goods and implements as she hath in my house at Kirton.'" [The Wentworth Genealogy, citation details below]

William married Ellen Gilby between 1548 and 1552. Ellen (daughter of John Gilby and Agnes Brough) was born between 1515 and 1520 in of West Ravendale, Lincolnshire, England; died after 23 Jan 1560. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Anne Ayscough before 1565. Anne (daughter of Edward Ayscough) died after 22 May 1574. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sibyl ferch Morgan ap Jenkin ap Philip. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Henry Clifford. Henry (son of John Clifford and Margaret Bromflete) was born in 1454; died on 23 Apr 1523. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England on 18 Jan 1486 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. Elizabeth (daughter of Edward IV, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth Woodville, Queen Consort of England) was born on 11 Feb 1466 in Westminster Palace, Westminster, Middlesex, England; died on 11 Feb 1503 in London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Modbury, Devon, England

Family/Spouse: Katherine Carew. Katherine (daughter of Edmund Carew and Katherine Huddesfield) was born about 1500; died on 18 Jul 1565 in London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Roger Yorke before 1520. Roger (son of Walter Yorke, Mayor of Exeter and Welthian Yarde) was born in of Wellington, Shropshire, England; died on 2 Feb 1535. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joan de la See, Joan at See.

Jane married Peter Hildyard between 1480 and 1485. Peter (son of Robert Hildyard and Elizabeth Hastings) was born about 1460 in of Winestead, Yorkshire, England; died on 20 Mar 1502. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Seymour. John was born in of Wolfhall, Wiltshire, England; died on 21 Dec 1536; was buried in Easton Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Harry Clifford.

From Wikipedia (accessed 2 Jan 2024):

Henry Clifford, 10th Baron Clifford KB [...] was an English nobleman. His father, John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford, was killed in the Wars of the Roses fighting for the House of Lancaster when Henry was around five years old. A local legend later developed that -- on account of John Clifford having killed one of the House of York's royal princes in battle, and the new Yorkist King Edward IV seeking revenge -- Henry was spirited away by his mother. As a result, it was said, he grew up ill-educated, living a pastoral life in the care of a shepherd family. Thus, ran the story, Clifford was known as the "shepherd lord". More recently, historians have questioned this narrative, noting that for a supposedly ill-educated man, he was signing charters only a few years after his father's death, and that in any case, Clifford was officially pardoned by King Edward in 1472. It may be that he deliberately avoided attracting Yorkist attention in his early years, although probably not to the extent portrayed in the local mythology.

The Yorkist regime came to an end in 1485 with the invasion of Henry Tudor, who defeated Edward's brother, Richard III, at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Henry's victory meant that he needed men to control the North of England for him, and Clifford's career as a loyal Tudor servant began. Soon after Bosworth, the King gave him responsibility for crushing the last remnants of rebellion in the north. Clifford was not always successful in this, and his actions were not always popular. On more than one occasion, he found himself at loggerheads with the city of York, the civic leadership of which was particularly independently minded. When another Yorkist rebellion broke out in 1487, Clifford suffered an embarrassing military defeat by the rebels outside the city walls. Generally, however, royal service was extremely profitable for him: King Henry needed trustworthy men in the region and was willing to build up their authority in order to protect his own.

Although Clifford's later years were devoted to service in the north and fighting the Scots (he took part in the decisive English victory at Flodden in 1513) he fell out with the King on numerous occasions. Clifford was not an easy-going personality; his abrasiveness caused trouble with his neighbours, occasionally breaking out in violent feuds. This was not the behaviour the King expected from his lords. Furthermore, Clifford had married a cousin of the King, yet Clifford's infidelity to her was notorious among his contemporaries. This also drew the King's ire, to the extent that the couple's separation was mooted. Clifford's first wife had died by 1511, and Clifford remarried. This was also a tempestuous match, and on one occasion he and his wife ended up in court accusing each other of adultery. Clifford's relations with his eldest son and heir, the eventual Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland, were equally turbulent. Clifford rarely attended the royal court himself, but sent his son to be raised with the King's heir, Prince Arthur. Clifford later complained that young Henry not only lived above his station, he consorted with men of bad influence; Clifford also accused his son of regularly beating up his father's servants on his return to Yorkshire.

Clifford outlived the King and attended the coronation of Henry VIII in 1509. While continuing to serve as the King's man in the north, Clifford carried on his feuds with the local gentry. He also indulged his interests in astronomy, for which he built a small castle for observation purposes. Clifford grew ill in 1522 and died in April of the following year; his widow later remarried. Young Henry inherited the title as 11th Baron Clifford as well as a large fortune and estate, the result of his father's policy of frugality and avoiding the royal court for most of his life.

Family/Spouse: Anne St. John. Anne (daughter of John St. John and Alice Bradschagh) died after 12 May 1506; was buried in Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ninian Markenfield. Ninian (son of Thomas Markenfield and Eleanor Conyers) was born in of Markenfield, Yorkshire, England; died on 25 Mar 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married George Tailboys before Apr 1493. George (son of Robert Tailboys and Elizabeth Heron) was born about 1467; died on 21 Sep 1538; was buried in Bullington, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Gyse. John (son of John Gyse and Anne Berkeley) was born about 1485 in of Elmore and Brockworth, Gloucestershire, England; died on 20 Dec 1556 in Brockworth, Gloucestershire, England; was buried in Elmore, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 9 Jun 1493

Family/Spouse: John Devereux. John was born in 1464; died about 7 May 1501. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland on 18 Jan 1486 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. Henry (son of Edmund Tudor and Margaret Beaufort) was born on 28 Jan 1457 in Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 21 Apr 1509 in Richmond, Surrey, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Alice Kingsmill. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Steward of the Household to Edward Tudor, Prince of Wales, later King Edward IV. He was knighted at the taking of Morlais in Brittany in 1522. He has a monument in the chancel at Brome, Suffolk.

Family/Spouse: Mary Sulyard. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In 1497 he marched to the relief of Exeter when that city was besieged by the pretender Perkin Warbeck. He was killed by a cannonball while sitting in council at the Siege of Thérouanne, a stage in the Battle of the Spurs.

Edmund married Katherine Huddesfield before 16 Jan 1479. Katherine (daughter of William Huddesfield and Elizabeth Bozun) died after 9 Jun 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of London, England
• Alternate birth: of Norwich, Norfolk, England

Notes:

Burgess for Bramber. Burgess for Thetford. Knight of the shire for Norfolk. Vice Admiral. Treasurer for the Army in France.

From the History of Parliament:

Rarely on good terms with his neighbours, above all the Pastons, Clere was not infrequently in the Star Chamber, where one complainant criticized his ‘covetous appetite and ungodly disposition’. At least in Henry VIII’s time he could treat such attacks the more lightly in that he enjoyed the patronage of the Howards: the 3rd Duke of Norfolk had been overseer of his father’s will and his younger brother Thomas, a servant of the Earl of Surrey, was to be commemorated in one of Surrey’s sonnets after dying from wounds received when he saved the earl’s life in France in 1545. It was during this phase of Clere’s career that he attended his first two Parliaments as Member for Bramber, one of the Howard boroughs in Sussex. He was one of a group around Surrey arrested during the second session of the Parliament of 1542 for eating flesh in Lent.

If it was as a courtier and a dependant of the Howards that he first came to public notice, it was as a naval captain and an administrator that Clere made his name. Early in 1548 he commanded a patrol in the North Sea and two years later he served in the Channel. His service at sea commended him to the admiral John Dudley, Viscount Lisle, whom in 1546 he accompanied to France to negotiate peace. Presumably he served under Dudley’s successor as admiral, Thomas, Baron Seymour of Sudeley, but nothing has come to light about his part in the Scottish war. Clere’s plundering of West Somerton church perhaps helped to foment Ket’s rebellion during 1548: he answered the Marquess of Northampton’s call for support from Norfolk gentlemen and after Northampton’s replacement by Dudley, then Earl of Warwick, he assisted in restoring order. Dudley rewarded him with lands said to have been promised to him by Henry VIII and with the treasurership of the army stationed in northern France until the surrender of Boulogne in 1550. His closeness to Dudley probably accounts for his Membership of the Parliament of March 1553 as much as his friendship with the leading resident at Thetford, Richard Fulmerston. During the succession crisis Clere seems to have declared for Lady Jane Grey and to have prevented a military force from Great Yarmouth from reaching Mary. When the tide turned in Mary’s favour his arms were impounded but he is not known to have been imprisoned. […]

[H]is appointment as vice-admiral at Portsmouth in the following year shows that he was regarded as politically reliable as well as professionally competent. His first mission, to escort Charles V on his voyage to retirement in Spain, brought him a gold chain from the ex-emperor, but his second was to prove fatal. In July 1557 he was given command of a fleet against Scotland which on 21 Aug. was surprised by an enemy force in the Orkneys, and in the engagement which followed he was drowned. Following his death the Council ordered an inquiry to be held into alleged disorders committed by his men in churches and religious houses in Scotland.

John married Anne Tyrrell before 19 Aug 1529. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married William Carey in 1520. William was born about 1495; died on 22 Jun 1528. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Henry VIII, King of England in Jan 1533. Henry (son of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Jun 1491 in Greenwich, Kent, England; died on 28 Jan 1547 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

2nd Marquess of Dorset.

Thomas married Margaret Wotton in 1509. Margaret died after 6 Oct 1535. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Ralph Legard about 1520. Ralph (son of Robert Legard and Joan Haldenby) was born about 1490 in of Anlaby, Yorkshire, England; died on 30 Jun 1540. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Elizabeth Willoughby about 1503. Elizabeth (daughter of Christopher Willoughby and Margaret Jenney) was born about 1483. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William Clere. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Fyneux. John died on 17 Nov 1525. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"His [Sir John Paston's] financial embarrassment was doubtless eased by the marriage of his son and heir, William, to Sir Henry Heydon's daughter Bridget, whose marriage portion was probably 500 marks. The wedding was already in sight when Sir Henry informed John Paston of the conclusion of the dispute with William Paston: 'How yee and myn ladie, and in what sylk or clooth yee will have these tweyn yong innocentes maried jnne, iff it shuld be purveyed at London to send me word, or ellys at Norwich, as it shall please you and myn ladie ther-affter I shall applie me; for it must bee ordyrd be you in the yong husbondes name.' 1489 seems the year in which to place the end of the controversy and the marriage, as on 10 February 1489 Margery, in writing to John, refers to 'my brodyre Heydon.'" [Colin Richmond,The Paston Family in the Fifteenth Century: The First Phase (1990), quoted by Brad Verity, citation details below.]

Family/Spouse: Bridget Heydon. Bridget (daughter of Henry Heydon and Anne Boleyn) was born about 1480; died before 17 Jan 1554; was buried on 17 Jan 1554 in St. Margaret's, Paston, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Bef 1495
• Alternate birth: Abt 1495

Notes:

A courtier and survivor at the court of Henry VIII, perhaps best described as a combination of Littlefinger and the Vicar of Bray.

Sheriff of Wiltshire, 1522-23. Esquire of the body to Henry VIII by 1522. Knight of the shire for Wiltshire, 1529 and 1539. Burgess for Wilton in 1542.

"[H]e was an astute courtier who served in the royal household (he was vice-chamberlain to all save the first of Henry VIII's wives) and on military expeditions to the Scottish borders and France, as well as in local affairs. He sat in the parliaments of 1529 and 1539 as a knight of the shire for Wiltshire, and in that of 1542 as a burgess for Wilton. Probably during his association with Thomas Cromwell he began the family tradition of strong protestantism, and at the dissolution he gained much former monastic land in and near Wiltshire, especially the site of Stanley Abbey and sixteen of its manors. He built an imposing manor house at Bromham, which was said to be almost as large as the king's new court at Whitehall, and which remained the family's chief residence until demolished during the civil war. [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]

Edward married Isabel Leigh about 18 Jan 1532. Isabel (daughter of Ralph Leigh and Joyce Culpeper) died on 16 Feb 1573. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Marshall K. Kirk's posthumously-published "A Probable Royal Descent for Thomas Bradbury of Salisbury, Massachusetts", edited for publication by Martin E. Hollick and published in The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Volume 161, page 27, January 2007, lays out an involved, circumstantial, and yet reasonably convincing case for a descent from Edward I for Anne Dynewell and by extension her great-grandson the seventeenth-century immigrant Thomas Bradbury (1611-1695). Much of it is founded upon genuine statements made about the family of John Whitgift (d. 1604), Archbishop of Canterbury, by Francis Thynne, Lancaster Herald from 1602 until his death in 1608, and thus a contemporary of the archbishop. Archbishop Whitgift was a son of this Anne Dynewell and her husband Henry Whitgift.

The propositions for which Kirk argues are:

(1) That this Anne Dynewell was a daughter of William Dynewell and Katherine Fulnetby, and

(2) The aforementioned Katherine Fulnetby was a daughter of John Fulnetby and Jane Dymoke, who is known to have been a daughter of Thomas Dymoke and Margaret Welles.

Anne married Henry Whitgift about 1530. Henry (son of John Whitgift) was born about 1505 in of Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire, England; died between 9 Jun 1550 and 7 Oct 1552. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: of Waltham and Barrow, Lincolnshire, England
• Buried: 22 Mar 1633, Barrow-on-Humber, Lincolnshire, England
• Alternate death: 22 Mar 1633

Christopher married Katherine Marbury on 19 Oct 1583 in St. Peter at Gowts, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. Katherine (daughter of William Marbury and Agnes Lenton) was born in of Girsby in Burgh-upon-Bain, Lincolnshire, England; died before 16 Dec 1634; was buried on 16 Dec 1634. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Jane Dalison. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Thomas Gamage about 1497. Thomas (son of Morgan Gamage and Eleanor Vaughan) was born in of Coety, Glamorgan, Wales; died before 26 Jun 1543. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"He spent his entire life serving the Tudor monarchy, and was likely raised in the household of Henry VII's mother, Margaret Beaufort. He was Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, Knight of the Shire for Bedfordshire, Knight of the Body to King Henry VIII, guardian to Princess (later Queen) Mary Tudor, and Chamberlain of the Household to Princess (also later Queen) Elizabeth Tudor. He helped Henry VIII put down the Northern Rebllion of 1536, and like his soon-to-be-kinsman George Butler prospered greatly from the dissolution of the monasteries." [Butler of Droitwich, citation details below.]

Family/Spouse: Ann Neville. Ann (daughter of Thomas Neville and Alice Wauton) died after 27 Feb 1559. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Margaret Waldegrave before 1522. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Ralph Bowes. Ralph (son of Ralph Bowes and Margery Conyers) was born in of Streatlam, Durham, England; died in Apr 1516. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Arthur married Catherine of Aragón, Queen Consort of England on 14 Nov 1501 in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England. Catherine (daughter of Ferdinand II, King of Aragón and Isabella I, Queen of Castle and León) was born on 16 Dec 1485 in Alcalá de Henares, Castile, Spain; died on 7 Jan 1536 in Kimbolton Castle, Cambridgeshire, England; was buried on 29 Jan 1536 in Peterborough Cathedral, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 29 Nov 1489, Westminster Palace, Middlesex, England

Notes:

"[T]emperamental, capricious, selfish, always an ally of her brother Henry VIII, even at the expense of the welfare of Scotland, and in her issue heiress of the throne of England." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

Margaret married James IV, King of Scots on 8 Aug 1503 in Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. James (son of James III, King of Scots and Margaret of Denmark) was born on 17 Mar 1473 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; died on 9 Sep 1513 in Flodden Field, Northumberland, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Archibald Douglas on 6 Aug 1514 in Kinnoull, near Perth, Perthshire, Scotland. Archibald (son of George Douglas and Elizabeth Drummond) was born about 1489; died on 22 Jan 1557 in Tantallon Castle, East Lothian, Scotland; was buried in Abernethy, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Henry Stewart before 2 Apr 1528. Henry (son of Andrew Stewart) was born about 1495; died between 10 Oct 1551 and 9 Apr 1557. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Blount. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Catherine of Aragón, Queen Consort of England on 11 Jun 1509 in Greenwich Palace, Kent, England. Catherine (daughter of Ferdinand II, King of Aragón and Isabella I, Queen of Castle and León) was born on 16 Dec 1485 in Alcalá de Henares, Castile, Spain; died on 7 Jan 1536 in Kimbolton Castle, Cambridgeshire, England; was buried on 29 Jan 1536 in Peterborough Cathedral, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Anne Boleyn, Queen Consort of England in Jan 1533. Anne (daughter of Thomas Boleyn and Elizabeth Howard) was born about 1500 in Blickling, Norfolk, England; died on 19 May 1536 in Tower Hill, London, England; was buried in Chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula, Tower of London, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Jane Seymour, Queen Consort of England on 30 May 1536 in Whitehall Palace, London, England. Jane (daughter of John Seymour and Margaret Wentworth) was born about 1509 in Wolf Hall, Wiltshire, England; died on 24 Oct 1537 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Anne of Cleves, Queen Consort of England on 6 Jan 1540. Anne (daughter of Johann III of Cleves and Maria) was born on 22 Sep 1515; died on 16 Jul 1557 in Chelsea Manor, near London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Catherine Howard, Queen Consort of England on 28 Jul 1540 in Oatlands Palace, Surrey, England. Catherine (daughter of Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper) was born between 1518 and 1524; died on 13 Feb 1542 in Tower of London, London, England; was buried in Chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula, Tower of London, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Katherine Parr, Queen Consort of England on 12 Jul 1543 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England. Katherine (daughter of Thomas Parr and Maud Green) was born about Aug 1512; died on 5 Sep 1548 in Sudeley, Gloucestershire, England; was buried on 5 Sep 1548 in Sudeley, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Charles Brandon. Charles (son of William Brandon and Elizabeth Bruyn) was born in 1484; died on 22 Aug 1545 in Guildford Palace, Surrey, England; was buried in Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Louis XII, King of France on 9 Oct 1514 in Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France. Louis was born on 27 Jun 1462 in Blois, Loir-et-Cher, France; died on 1 Jan 1515 in Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"She […] had a position in the households of queens Anne of Cleves and Katherine Parr, while her sister-in-law Lady Berkeley was governess to Princess Elizabeth. A committed protestant, with her sister Katherine Raleigh she is reported to have protected the persecuted reformers in Devon. In the summer of 1546 Lady Denny (and by extension her husband) was one of the court protestants whom religious conservatives tried to incriminate through accusations wrung from Anne Askew, a distant relative of Joan's uncle Sir Gawain Carew; Anne would admit only that Lady Denny's servant had brought her money, and Sir Anthony survived as a leading figure among Seymour's associates at the close of the reign." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, citation details below]

Joan married Anthony Denny about 4 Feb 1538. Anthony (son of Edmund Denny and Mary Coke) was born on 16 Jan 1501 in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, England; died on 10 Sep 1549 in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in St. Mary's, Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Walter Ralegh. Walter was born in 1505 in of East Budleigh, Devon, England; died in 1581. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joan, which has led to confusion with her sister who was definitely named Joan.

Jane married Robert Gamage before 1531. Robert (son of Thomas Gamage and Margaret St. John) was born in of Coety, Glamorgan, Wales; died between 27 Oct 1570 and 4 Jan 1571. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elizabeth married Edmund Percival before 1547. Edmund (son of James Percival and Joan Kenne) was born about 1506 in of Weston-in-Gordano, Somerset, England; died on 21 Sep 1551. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Ralph Legard about 1520. Ralph (son of Robert Legard and Joan Haldenby) was born about 1490 in of Anlaby, Yorkshire, England; died on 30 Jun 1540. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anthony Oughtred. Anthony died in 1534. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Gregory Cromwell. Gregory (son of Thomas Cromwell and Elizabeth Wykes) died in 1551. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Jane married Henry VIII, King of England on 30 May 1536 in Whitehall Palace, London, England. Henry (son of Henry VII, King of England and lord of Ireland and Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England) was born on 28 Jun 1491 in Greenwich, Kent, England; died on 28 Jan 1547 in Hampton Court Palace, Richmond upon Thames, London, England; was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, Berkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alice married Robert Mauleverer before 2 Feb 1525. Robert (son of William Mauleverer and Anne Conyers) was born in of Wothersome, Yorkshire, England; died before 31 Jan 1541 in Bardsey, Yorkshire, England; was buried on 31 Jan 1541 in Bardsey, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Edward Dymoke between 1523 and 1 Apr 1529. Edward (son of Robert Dymoke and Anne Sparrow) was born about 1508 in of Scrivelsby, Horncastle, Lincolnshire, England; died on 16 Sep 1567. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Lincolnshire, 1529.

Gilbert married Elizabeth Blount about 1519. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called William Guise.

William married Mary Rotsey before 1540. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 27 Sep 1558

Notes:

1st Viscount Hereford. Knight of the Garter, 1523.

Walter married Mary Grey about 15 Dec 1503. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Alice Berrington. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Blennerhasset. John (son of Thomas Blennerhasset and Margaret Braham) was born before 1521 in of Barsham, Suffolk, England; died before 29 Jun 1573; was buried on 29 Jun 1573 in Barsham, Suffolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Many sources, including the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, have her as a daughter of Philip Champernoun, but Brice Claggett (citation details below) and Neil P. Thompson argued convincingly that he has to have been, instead, her first husband, after whom she married John Astley.

As "Kat" Champernoun she was governess to the young Lady Elizabeth and, in the words of Brice Clagett (citation details below), "is credited with providing her with the foundation of her excellent education. On Elizabeth's accession in 1558 Kat, now Mrs. Astley, became chief gentlewoman of the privy chamber, and was one of the Queen's closest confidantes until her death in 1565."

Family/Spouse: Philip Champernoun. Philip (son of John Champernoun and Margaret Courtenay) was born about 1479; died on 2 Aug 1545 in Modbury, Devon, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married John Astley about 1545. John (son of Thomas Astley and Anne Wood) was born in of Norfolk, England; died about Jul 1595; was buried in All Saints, Maidstone, Kent, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Jun 1606, London, England

Notes:

Burgess for Thetford 1557-58, 1562-63. Burgess for Grampound 1571. Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk 1567-68. Sheriff of Norfolk 1580-81.

From the History of Parliament (citation details below):

Though a younger son, Clere succeeded to an extensive patrimony on the north-east coast of Norfolk, being licensed to enter his lands on 22 Feb. 1558. In May of that year he purchased further property at Wymondham, and in 1561, on the death of his great-uncle Sir James Boleyn he inherited Blickling, which he made his chief seat. On the death of his father-in-law (Sir) Richard Fulmerston in 1567, Clere and his wife came into possession of most of his extensive estates in and around Thetford as well as inheriting most of his personal property.

Thus, after 1567 Clere was one of the greatest landowners in Norfolk, appearing in 1588 on Lord Burghley’s list of ‘knights of great possessions’ able to support a peerage. He was a second cousin to the Queen and to Lord Hunsdon, and brother-in-law to Walter Haddon, the master of requests. His connexion with the Duke of Norfolk through his father-in-law Fulmerston, the Duke’s servant, caused him to be among those questioned on Norfolk’s arrest in October 1569, and in September 1571 he and others were ordered to take an inventory of the Duke’s goods at Kenninghall. In 1570 he was made collector in Norfolk of the forced loan. This inevitably made him unpopular with his fellow gentry, and gave rise to probably well-founded accusations of fraud and extortion. He was also in conflict with his manorial tenants, and at loggerheads with the Thetford corporation. He had to attend upon the Privy Council for a while after the forced loan episode, but he never lost the Council’s confidence. In 1578 he entertained the Queen during her Norfolk progress, ‘worthily feasted’ her retinue, and was knighted by the Queen at Norwich. In 1583 he signed a petition on behalf of certain puritan ministers and four years later was noted by the bishop of Norwich as a ‘favourer of religion’.

Clere’s election at Thetford to the Parliaments of 1558 and 1563 was due to the local influence of his father-in-law, Fulmerston. Clere succeeded to Fulmerston’s land in 1567 and what made him resort to Grampound for a seat in 1571 is not evident, nor is it clear who was his patron there. Possibly there was a court connexion with the 2nd Earl of Bedford. Clere’s committee work concerned the continuance of statutes (20 Mar. 1563), priests disguised as servants (1 May 1571), and tillage and the navy (25 May 1571). He spoke on the treasons bill (9 Apr. 1571), the anonymous diarist commenting, ‘Mr. Clere of Norfolk, a gentleman of great possessions, made hereupon a staggering speech: his conclusion I did not conceive’. Of another speech, again on a religious topic (11 Apr.), he wrote ‘such was my ill hap I could not understand what reason he made’. D’Ewes records Clere as speaking on the bill for Bristol, also on 11 Apr. In the discussion on Strickland’s case on 20 Apr., he defended the prerogative of the Crown.

In 1572 Clere decided to try for the county seat, Sir Thomas Cornwallis reporting just before the election that Clere ‘leaveth no stone untouched that may further his part’, and that ‘a great number of the shire’ were ‘evil affected towards him’. Unsuccessful, he wrote a series of letters to Richard Southwell, whom he had addressed as ‘loving cousin and friend’ when canvassing support beforehand, describing his ‘found falsehood’, and contrasting Southwell’s ‘overt action in so great an assembly’ with his ‘former pretended opinion’.

In October 1586 he and his fellow deputy lieutenant Sir William Heydon were ordered by the Privy Council to ensure that at the new election of knights of the shire ‘fit men may be chosen, known to be well affected to religion and the present estate’, and Clere wrote to his friend, Bassingbourne Gawdy, suggesting that he stand, adding that if he himself were not incapacitated by a rupture, he ‘should be willing to be with you there’. The Norfolk gentry at this time were divided. In the north of the county Clere and Sir William Heydon, after initial quarrels over the rights of Clere’s second wife to the Heydon manor of Saxlingham, had united against Nathaniel Bacon, the Knyvet and Wyndham families and others of their neighbours. Soon after the 1586 election they apparently persuaded the lord lieutenant, Hunsdon, to replace Sir Thomas Knyvet by their friend Sir Arthur Heveningham as a deputy lieutenant, and had several of their opponents turned off the commission of the peace. During the next few years Clere can generally be found on the side of Heveningham in the latter’s quarrels with the Bacon faction over such contentious matters as the organisation of county musters.

Clere’s eldest son Edward, already in 1585 ‘in peril divers ways of imprisonment and shame’, was accused in the next reign of sheltering a seminary priest and from 1606 spent much of his life in prison. Clere therefore did his best to keep his property out of his eldest son’s hands, though he could not break the entail on the Fulmerston estate. By various settlements and by his will, made in April 1605, he divided the rest between the younger sons, Sir Francis and Robert, and his grandson Henry. Most of the land eventually reverted to Henry, who became a baronet in 1620 and died s.p. in 1622. Clere’s will contained bequests to other relatives, and arranged for the foundation of a fellowship and scholarship at St. John’s, Cambridge. Most of the personal property was left to the widow, the sole executrix, who had a life interest in Blickling. One of the two supervisors was his ‘old well tried friend’ Dru Drury. Clere died in London on 3 June 1606, and was buried at Blickling.

Edward married Frances Fulmerston about 16 Dec 1554. Frances (daughter of Richard Fulmerston and Alice Lonzam) died on 20 Mar 1580 in Blickling, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Francis Knolles on 26 Apr 1540. Francis was born about 1512; died on 19 Jul 1596; was buried in Rotherfield Greys, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

1st Duke of Suffolk. 3rd Marquess of Dorset.

Family/Spouse: Frances Brandon. Frances (daughter of Charles Brandon and Mary Tudor) was born on 16 Jul 1517 in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England; died on 11 Nov 1559 in London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Joan Ledgard.

Joan married Richard Skepper after 4 Feb 1551. Richard (son of Richard Skepper and Audrey Grynne) was born about 1495 in of East Kirkby, Lincolnshire, England; died after 26 May 1556. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was slain in the Battle of Ancrum Moor, part of the 1542-51 War of the Rough Wooing.

Ralph married Margery Bowes before 1529. Margery (daughter of Ralph Bowes and Elizabeth Clifford) died after 1566. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

See our entry on her husband Thomas Tyndall for a brief discussion of her death date.

Family/Spouse: Thomas Tyndall. Thomas (son of John Tyndall and Amphyllis Coningsby) was born about 1505 in of Hockwood, Norfolk, England; died about 25 Dec 1583. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Erasmus married Mary Wyndham after 22 Oct 1521. Mary (daughter of Thomas Wyndham and Eleanor Scrope) was born about 1508; died on 1 Jan 1597; was buried in Paston, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Knight of the shire for Norfolk, 1563.

Clement married Alice Pakington after 1567. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

MP for Malmesbury, 1572; Devizes, 1584 and 1586; Old Sarum, 1589, and possibly Devizes again in 1593.

"In 1593 he succeeded his mother to the site and demesnes of the monastery of Edington, Wiltshire. He so despoiled the house there, that the Marquess of Wiltshire alleged that £1000 would not repair it." [Royal Ancestry, citation details below.]

Family/Spouse: Anne Cavendish. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Between 1530 and 1532
• Alternate death: 28 Feb 1604

Notes:

From Wikipedia (accessed 19 May 2021):

John Whitgift [...] was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to his death. Noted for his hospitality, he was somewhat ostentatious in his habits, sometimes visiting Canterbury and other towns attended by a retinue of 800 horses. Whitgift's theological views were often controversial.

He was the eldest son of Henry Whitgift, a merchant, of Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire, where he was born, probably between 1530 and 1533. The Whitgift family is thought to have originated in the relatively close Yorkshire village of Whitgift, adjoining the River Ouse.

Whitgift's early education was entrusted to his uncle, Robert Whitgift, abbot of the neighbouring Wellow Abbey, on whose advice he was sent to St Anthony's School, London. In 1549 he matriculated at Queens' College, Cambridge, and in May 1550 he moved to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, where the martyr John Bradford was his tutor. In May 1555 he was elected a fellow of Peterhouse.

Whitgift taught Francis Bacon and his older brother Anthony Bacon at Cambridge University in the 1570s. As their tutor, Whitgift bought the brothers their early classical text books, including works by Plato, Cicero and others.

Having taken holy orders in 1560, he became chaplain to Richard Cox, Bishop of Ely, who collated (that is, appointed) him to the rectory of Teversham, just to the east of Cambridge. In 1563 he was appointed Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge, and his lectures gave such satisfaction to the authorities that on 5 July 1566 they considerably augmented his stipend. The following year he was appointed Regius Professor of Divinity, and became master first of Pembroke Hall (1567) and then of Trinity in 1570. He had a principal share in compiling the statutes of the university, which passed the great seal on 25 September 1570, and in the November following he was chosen as vice-chancellor.

While at Cambridge he formed a close relationship with Andrew Perne, sometime vice-chancellor. Perne went on to live with Whitgift in his old age. Puritan satirists would later mock Whitgift as "Perne's boy" who was willing to carry his cloak-bag – thus suggesting that the two had enjoyed a homosexual relationship.

Whitgift's theological views were controversial. An aunt with whom he once lodged wrote that "though she thought at first she had received a saint into her house, she now perceived he was a devil". Thomas Macaulay's description of Whitgift as "a narrow, mean, tyrannical priest, who gained power by servility and adulation..." is, according to the author of his 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica entry, "tinged with rhetorical exaggeration; but undoubtedly Whitgift's extreme High Church notions led him to treat the Puritans with exceptional intolerance". In a pulpit controversy with Thomas Cartwright regarding the constitutions and customs of the Church of England, his oratorical effectiveness proved inferior, but was able to exercise arbitrary authority: together with other heads of the university, he deprived Cartwright of his professorship, and in September 1571 Whitgift exercised his prerogative as master of Trinity to deprive him of his fellowship. In June of the same year Whitgift was nominated Dean of Lincoln. In the following year he published [The Admonition to the Parliament], which led to further controversy between the two churchmen. On 24 March 1577, Whitgift was appointed Bishop of Worcester, and during the absence of Sir Henry Sidney in Ireland in 1577 he acted as vice-president of Wales.

In August 1583 he was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury to replace Edmund Grindal, who had been placed under house arrest after his disagreement with Queen Elizabeth over "prophesyings" and died in office. Whitgift placed his stamp on the church of the Reformation, and shared Elizabeth's hatred of Puritans. Although he wrote to Elizabeth remonstrating against the alienation of church property, Whitgift always retained her special confidence. In his policy against the Puritans and in his vigorous enforcement of the subscription test he thoroughly carried out her policy of religious uniformity.

He drew up articles aimed at nonconforming ministers, and obtained increased powers for the Court of High Commission. In 1586, he became a privy councillor. His actions gave rise to the Martin Marprelate tracts, in which the bishops and clergy were strongly opposed. By his vigilance the printers of the tracts were discovered and punished, though the main writer Job Throkmorton evaded him. Whitgift had nine leading presbyterians including Thomas Cartwright arrested in 1589–90, and though their trial in the Star Chamber for sedition did not result in convictions they did agree to abandon their movement in return for freedom.

Whitgift took a strong line against the Brownist movement and their Underground Church in London led by Henry Barrow and John Greenwood. Their services were repeatedly raided and members held in prison. Whitgift repeatedly interrogated them through the High Commission, and at the Privy Council. When Burghley asked Barrow his opinion of the Archbishop, he responded: "He is a monster, a miserable compound, I know not what to make him. He is neither ecclesiastical nor civil, even that second beast spoken of in revelation." Whitgift was the prime mover behind the Act against Seditious Sectaries which was passed in 1593, making Separatist Puritanism a felony, and he had Barrow and Greenwood executed the following morning.

In the controversy between Walter Travers and Richard Hooker, he prohibited the former from preaching, and he presented the latter with the rectory of Boscombe in Wiltshire, to help him complete his Ecclesiastical Polity, a work that in the end did not represent Whitgift's theological or ecclesiastical standpoints. In 1587, he had Welsh preacher John Penry brought before the High Commission, and imprisoned; Whitgift signed Penry's death warrant six years later.

In 1595, in conjunction with the Bishop of London and other prelates, he drew up the Calvinist instrument known as the Lambeth Articles. Although the articles were signed and agreed by several bishops they were recalled by order of Elizabeth, claiming that the bishops had acted without her explicit consent. Whitgift maintained that she had given her approval.

Whitgift attended Elizabeth on her deathbed, and crowned James I. He was present at the Hampton Court Conference in January 1604, at which he represented eight bishops.

He died at Lambeth at the end of the following month. He was buried in Croydon at the Parish Church of St John Baptist (now Croydon Minster): his monument there with his recumbent effigy was practically destroyed when the church burnt down in 1867.

Whitgift is described by his biographer, Sir George Paule, as of "middle stature, strong and well shaped, of a grave countenance and brown complexion, black hair and eyes, his beard neither long nor thick." He left several unpublished works, included in the Manuscripts Angliae. Many of his letters, articles and injunctions are calendared in the published volumes of the State Papers series of the reign of Elizabeth. His Collected Works, edited for the Parker Society by John Ayre (3 vols., Cambridge, 1851–1853), include the controversial tracts mentioned above, two sermons published during his lifetime, a selection from his letters to Cecil and others, and some portions of his previously unpublished manuscripts.

In his later years he concerned himself with various administrative reforms, including fostering learning among the clergy, abolishing non-resident clergy, and reforming the ecclesiastical courts.

Whitgift set up charitable foundations (almshouses), now The Whitgift Foundation, in Croydon, the site of a palace, a summer retreat of Archbishops of Canterbury. It supports homes for the elderly and infirm, and runs three independent schools – Whitgift School, founded in 1596, Trinity School of John Whitgift and, more recently, Old Palace School for girls, which is housed in the former Croydon Palace.

Whitgift Street near Lambeth Palace (the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury) is named after him.

A comprehensive school in his home town of Grimsby, John Whitgift Academy, is named after him.

The Whitgift Centre, a major shopping centre in Croydon, is named after him. It is built on land still owned by the Whitgift Foundation.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Buried: 2 Aug 1615, Clavering, Essex, England

Notes:

He and his son John were trustees of the Hospital of the Holy Trinity at Croydon, founded by Archbishop John Whitgift for the benefit of the poor.

Family/Spouse: Margaret Barley. Margaret (daughter of John Barley and Philippa Bradbury) died before 5 Jan 1605; was buried on 5 Jan 1605 in Clavering, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown first wife of William Whitgift). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1628

Notes:

Churchwarden of Muckton, Lincolnshire in 1641, in which capacity he, his wife, and his son Edward (later a surgeon of Boston, Lincolnshire) signed the Protestation Returns in that year.

William married Susanna Carter on 28 Nov 1614 in Alford, Lincolnshire, England. Susanna (daughter of Edward Carter) died after 1641. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Jane Neale. Jane (daughter of Thomas Neale and Goditha Throckmorton) died before 7 Sep 1618. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Matthew Herbert. Matthew (son of George Herbert and Elizabeth Berkeley) was born in of Swansea, Glamorgan, Wales; died before 1570. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Jane Champernoun before 1531. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Jane Stradling about 20 Aug 1516. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Like her five siblings, she was born prior to her parents' marriage.

Family/Spouse: John Butler. John (son of George Butler and Mary Throckmorton) was born after 1532 in of Tofte in Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, England; died between 1 Sep 1612 and 20 Jan 1614. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Gentleman waiter extraordinary in household of Prince Edward by 1547, member of the royal household 1547; Knight of the shire for Bedfordshire in 1547. Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire 1551-52. Created 1st Baron St. John of Bletso 13 Jan 1559.

Margery married Ralph Eure before 1529. Ralph (son of William Eure and Elizabeth Willoughby) was born about 1510 in of Foulbridge in Brompton, Yorkshire, England; died on 6 Mar 1545 in near Jedburgh, Roxburghshire, Scotland; was buried in Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"[F]orfeited the Angus Douglas, executed Border reivers, at times went incognito among his people, popular and licentious." [The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (citation details below)]

James V of Scotland, direct ancestor of TWK, is by far the most recent crowned head to be the direct ancestor of any of this database's root individuals. Through him, TWK is documentably descended from approximately 2500 more minor gentry, two-bit aristocrats, and forgotten royalty than either TNH or JTS, the next two in sheer quantity of known ancestors. Through the wives of James V's grandfather James III and his great-grandfather James II, plus James V's umbilical great-grandmother Jacquetta of Luxembourg, a great number of these TWK ancestors lived in central and eastern Europe. Through James V's mother Margaret Tudor, sister of Henry VIII, TWK is descended from many of the dramatis personae of Shakespeare's history plays and many of the major players in the Wars of the Roses. Finally, through Margaret Tudor's paternal great-grandfather Owen ap Marududd ap Tudur, TWK is descended from dozens if not hundreds of Welsh persons with brain-challenging names like Cynwrig ab Iorwerth ap Gwgon ab Idnerth ab Edryd ab Inethan ab Iasedd ap Carwed ap Marchudd ap Cynan.

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Margaret Erskine
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Agnes Keith
Elizabeth Stewart (1565-1591) = James Stuart, Earl of Moray
James Stewart, Earl of Moray = Anne Gordon
James Stuart, Earl of Moray = Margaret Home
Mary Stuart = Archibald Campbell, Earl of Argyll (1629-1685)
Archibald Campbell, Duke of Argyll (1658-1703) = Elizabeth Tollemache (1659-1735)
Anne Campbell (1696-1736) = James Stuart, Earl of Bute
John Stuart, Earl of Bute (1713-1792) = Mary Wortley-Montagu (1718-1794)
James Archibald Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1747-1818) = Margaret Cunynghame
Louisa Harcourt Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie (1781-1848) = George Percy, Duke of Northumberland (1778-1867)
Margaret Percy (1813-1897) = Edward Richard Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1815-1888)
Edward George Percy Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1842-1930) = Charlotte Louisa Rowley (d. 1923)
Edward Charles Rowley Littleton, Baron Hatherton (1868-1944) = HEster Edith Hoskins (d. 1947)
Lilah Cecelia Littleton (b. 1902) = Stewart Sandbach Harrison
Youla Cecilia Harrison (b. 1927) = Leo Claude Vaux Miéville
Claudia Cecilia Vaux Miéville (1949-2007) = [unknown] (d. ~1991)
China Tom Miéville (b. 1972)

James V, King of Scots (1512-1542) = Mary of Guise (d. 1560)
Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-1587) = Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley (1545-1567)
James VI, King of Scots, later James I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1566-1625) = Anna of Denmark (1574-1619)
Charles I, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1600-1649) = Henrietta Marie de Bourbon (1609-1669)
Charles II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1630-1685) = Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kéroualle, Duchess of Portland (1649-1734)
Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1672-1723) = Anne Brudenell (d. 1722)
Anne Lennox (1703-1789) = William Anne Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle (1702-1754)
George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (1724-1772) = Anne Miller (1743-1824)
William Charles Keppel, 4th Earl of Albemarle (1772-1849) = Elizabeth Southwell (1776-1817)
George Thomas Keppel, 6th Earl of Albemarle (1799-1891) = Susan Trotter (1806-1885)
William Coutts Keppel, 7th Earl of Albemarle (1832-1894) = Sophia Mary McNab (1832-1917)
George Keppel (1865-1947) = Alice Frederica Edmonstone (1869-1947) *
Sonia Rosemary Keppel (1900-1986) = Roland Calvert Cubitt (1899-1962)
Rosalind Maud Cubitt (1921-1994) = Bruce Middleton Hope Shand (1917-1946)
Camilla Rosemary Shand (1947- ), = (1) Andrew Henry Parker Bowles (1939- ), = (2) HRH Prince Charles Philip Arthur George (1948- ), now Charles III, King of England


* She is known to have been a mistress of King Edward VII from 1898 forward.

Family/Spouse: Euphemia Elphinstone. Euphemia (daughter of Alexander Elphinstone and Elizabeth Barlow) was born on 11 May 1509; died after 1564. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Madeleine of France on 1 Jan 1537 in Notre-Dame, Paris, France. Madeleine (daughter of François I, King of France) was born in Aug 1520; died on 7 Jul 1537 in Holyrood, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

James married Mary of Guise on 12 Jun 1538 in St. Andrew's, Fife, Scotland. Mary (daughter of Claude de Lorraine and Antoinette de Bourbon) died on 11 Jun 1560 in Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; was buried in St. Peter's Abbey, Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Matthew Stewart on 29 Jun 1544 in St. James Palace, London, England. Matthew (son of John Stewart and Elizabeth Stewart) was born on 21 Sep 1516 in Dunbarton Castle, Dunbartonshire, Scotland; died on 4 Sep 1571 in Stirling Castle, Stirlingshire, Scotland; was buried in Chapel Royal, Stirlingshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Duke of Richmond and Somerset. Earl of Nottingham. Died of consumption. He was the only illegitimate child of Henry VIII to be acknowledged by his father.

Mary married Philip II, King of Spain; King of Naples and Sicily; King of Portugal on 24 Jul 1554 in Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, Hampshire, England. Philip (son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal) was born on 21 May 1527 in Valladolid, Castile, Spain; died on 13 Sep 1598. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]