Alix de Courtenay

Notes:

Also called Aalis, Aalez, Alaidis, Adelaidis.

Alix married Adémar before 1191. Adémar (son of William VI of Angoulême and Marguerite de Turenne) was born after 1157; died about 1202. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 3 Jun 1246
• Alternate death: 4 Jun 1246, Fontévrault Abbey, near Chinon, Anjou, France

Notes:

Countess of Angoulême. Crowned Queen of England on 8 Oct 1200.

Isabel married John, King of England on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. John (son of Henry II, King of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France; Queen Consort of England) was born about 27 Dec 1166 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Newark, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabel married Hugh X de Lusignan between 10 Mar 1220 and 22 Apr 1220 in Angoulême, Aquitaine, France. Hugh (son of Hugh "le Brun" de Lusignan) was born about 1183; died after 15 Jan 1249. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Eleanor of Provence, Queen Consort of England on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England; was buried in Amesbury Priory, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Richard of England.

Count of Poitou; Earl of Cornwall; elected king of Germany ("King of the Romans") in 1256, but never wielded actual power in that role.

"Constable of Wallingford Castle, 1216; knighted 2 Feb. 1224/5 by his br., Henry III, who a few days afterwards, 13 Feb. 1224/5, granted him, as Richard the King's brother, the county of Cornwall during pleasure. This grant, which resembles that to Henry FitzCount above, can hardly be held to have conferred the Earldom; nevertheless, not long after, viz. 30 May 1227, he is officially styled Earl of Cornwall, and must be assumed to have been invested with the Earldom in or shortly before that year. He was Count of Poitou before 18 Aug. 1225. Lieut. of Guienne, 1226-27; Chief Commissioner for making a truce with France, 1230; Keeper of the Honour of Wallingford, 1230-31; of the Honour of Knaresborough, 1235; took the Cross, 1236; was on an Embassy to the Emperor Friedrich, 1237; Lord of the forest of Dartmoor 1239; Com. in Chief of the Crusaders, 1240-41, when he entered a truce with the Soldan of Babylon. Joint Plenipoteniary to France, and Ambassador to Pope Innocent IV, 1250; Privy Councillor 1253; Joint Guardian of England, 1253-54. He acquired vast estates and great wealth by farming the Mint, the Jews, &c., and doubtless in consequence thereof, was elected, at Frankfort, 13 Jan. 1256/7, by the Princes of the Empire, King of the Romans, being crowned 17 May 1257, at Aachen. In Oct. 1259 he was Ambassador to Pope Alexander IV. He was a faithful adherent of the King, his br., against the rebellious Barons, and both were taken prisoners at the battle of Lewes, 14 May 1264. He m., 1stly, 30 Mar. 1231, at Fawley, near Marlow, Bucks, Isabel, widow of Gilbert (de Clare), Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, da. of William (Marshal), Earl of Pembroke, by Isabel suo jure Countess of Pembroke, da. and h. of Richard (de Clare), also Earl of Pembroke. She d. 17 Jan 1239/40, in childbed, at Berkhampstead, of jaundice, and was bur. at Beaulieu, Hants, her heart being sent to Tewkesbury Abbey. He m., 2ndly, 23 Nov. 1243, at Westm. Abbey, Sancha, 3rd da. and coh. of Raymond Berengar, Count of Provence, by Beatrice, da. of Tomaso, Count of Savoy. She, who was crowned Queen (with her husband) 1257, d. 9 Nov. 1261, and was bur. at Hailes Abbey, co. Gloucester, which her husband had in 1251, founded. He m., 3rdly, 16 June 1269, Beatrice, da. of Walram de Fauquemont, Seigneur de Montjoye, by Jutta, da. of Otto, Count of Ravensburg in Wesphalia. He d. at Berkhamstead Castle, Herts, having been bled for ague, 2 Apr. 1272, and was bur. in Hailes Abbey afsd., aged 63, his heart being sent to Rewley Abbey, Oxon, of which, also he was the founder. His widow d. s.p. on the Vigil of St. Luke, 17 Oct. 1277, and was bur. at the Friars Minors, Oxford." [Complete Peerage]

Family/Spouse: Joan. Joan died before 1 Jul 1285. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: (Unknown mistress of Richard of Cornwall). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Isabel Marshal on 30 Mar 1231 in Fawley, Buckinghamshire, England. Isabel (daughter of William Marshal and Isabel de Clare) was born on 9 Oct 1200 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 17 Jan 1240 in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Sancie of Provence on 23 Nov 1243 in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. Sancie (daughter of Raymond Berenger and Beatrice of Savoy) died on 9 Nov 1261 in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England; was buried on 15 Nov 1262 in Hailes Abbey, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Beatrice de Falkenburg on 16 Jun 1269 in Kaiserslautern, Germany. Beatrice (daughter of Dietrich II de Falkenburg and Berta of Limburg) died on 17 Oct 1277; was buried in Church Of The Grey Friars, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married Alexander II, King of Scotland on 19 Jun 1221 in York, Yorkshire, England. Alexander (son of William I "The Lion", King of Scotland and Ermengarde de Beaumont) was born on 24 Aug 1198 in Haddington, East Lothian, Scotland; died on 8 Jul 1249 in Kerrera, Argyll, Scotland; was buried in Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabella married Friedrich II, Holy Roman Emperor on 20 Jul 1235 in Worms, Germany. Friedrich (son of Heinrich VI, Holy Roman Emperor and Constance of Sicily) was born on 26 Dec 1194; died on 13 Dec 1250. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

After her second husband Simon de Montfort was killed at Evesham, she became a nun.

Eleanor married William Marshal on 23 Apr 1224. William (son of William Marshal and Isabel de Clare) was born about 1190; died on 24 Apr 1231; was buried in New Temple Church, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Simon VI de Montfort on 7 Jan 1238 in Westminster, Middlesex, England. Simon (son of Simon V de Montfort and Alix de Montmorency) was born between 1208 and 1209; died on 4 Aug 1265 in Evesham, Worcestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 2 Feb 1266, Warren, Sussex, England

Notes:

Also called Alfais, Alix de Lusignan.

Alice married John de Warenne in Aug 1247. John (son of William de Warenne and Maud Marshal, Marshal Of England) was born after Jul 1231; died about 29 Sep 1304 in Kennington, near London, England; was buried in Lewes Priory, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

"Count of La Marche, (as Hugues III) Lord of Lusignan and Fougeres, and (as Hugues II) Count of Angoulême, 1246-1250. He agreed to serve Alphonso, Count of Poitiers, in the Seventh Crusade for one year and died in Egypt, most probably at the battle of El Mansûra, 7 Feb 1250, or else during the retreat to Damietta, 6 Apr 1250." [The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz]

Hugh married Yolande of Brittany in 1236. Yolande (daughter of Pierre de Braine and Alix de Thouars) was born in 1218 in Dreux, France; died on 16 Oct 1272 in Château Bouteville, Angoumois, France; was buried in Villeneuve near Nantes, Brittany, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: Abt 1226
• Alternate birth: Aft 1225, Valence, Couhé-Vérac, Vienne, Poitou, France
• Alternate death: Bef 18 May 1296

Notes:

Also called Guillaume de Lusignan; Guillaume de Valence.

Seigneur of Valence; Constable of Goodrich and Pembroke Castles 1247; Warden of the Town and the Castle of Hertford 1247, 1251; Steward of the Manors of Stamford and Grantham, Lincolnshire 1258; Privy Councillor; Constable of Kilgarren Castle 1275; Seneschal of the Agenois 1279; Constable and Keeper of Bergevenny Castle 1281; Constable of Kilgaren Castle 1282; Guardian and Lieutenant of England 1285; and, in right of his wife, Lord (sometimes styled Earl) of Pembroke, and Lord of the Towns of Ross, Carnbothe, and Clumene, co. Wexford, Ireland.

From Wikipedia:

"William de Valence (died 18 May 1296), born Guillaume de Lusignan, was a French nobleman and knight who became important in English politics due to his relationship to Henry III. He was heavily involved in the Second Barons' War, supporting the King and Prince Edward against the rebels led by Simon de Montfort. [...]

"He was the fourth son of Isabella of Angoulême, widow of king John of England, and her second husband, Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, and was thus a half-brother to Henry III of England, and uncle to Edward I. William was born in the Cistercian abbey in Valence, Couhé-Vérac, Vienne, Poitou, near Lusignan, sometime in the late 1220s (his elder sister Alice was born in 1224).

"The French conquest of Poitou in 1246 created great difficulties for William's family, and so he and his brothers, Guy de Lusignan and Aymer, accepted Henry III's invitation to come to England in 1247. The king found important positions for all of them; William was soon married to a great heiress, Joan de Munchensi or Munchensy [...]

"This favouritism to royal relatives was unpopular with many of the English nobility, a discontent which would culminate in the Second Barons' War. It did not take long for William to make enemies in England. From his new lands in South Wales, he tried to regain the palatine rights which had been attached to the Earldom of Pembroke, but his energies were not confined to this. The King heaped lands and honours upon him, and he was soon thoroughly hated as one of the most prominent of the rapacious foreigners. Moreover, some trouble in Wales led to a quarrel between him and Simon de Montfort, who was to become the figurehead for the rebels. He refused to comply with the provisions imposed on the King at Oxford in 1258, and took refuge in Wolvesey Castle at Winchester, where he was besieged and compelled to surrender and leave the country.

"However, in 1259 William and de Montfort were formally reconciled in Paris, and in 1261 Valence was again in England and once more enjoying the royal favour. He fought for Henry at the disastrous Battle of Lewes, and after the defeat again fled to France, while de Montfort ruled England. However, by 1265 he was back, landing in Pembrokeshire, and taking part in the Siege of Gloucester and the final royalist victory at Evesham. After the battle he was restored to his estates and accompanied Prince Edward, afterwards Edward I, to Palestine.

"From his base in Pembrokeshire he was a mainstay of the English campaigns against Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and later Dafydd ap Gruffudd; in the war of 1282-3 that led to the conquest of Wales he negotiated the surrender of one of Dafydd's last remaining castles, Castell-y-Bere, with its custodian, Cynfrig ap Madog. He also went several times to France on public business and he was one of Edward's representatives in the famous suit over the succession to the crown of Scotland in 1291 and 1292."

William married Joan de Munchensy on 13 Aug 1247. Joan (daughter of Warin de Munchensy and Joan Marshal) died before 30 Sep 1307. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 18 Jun 1239, Westminster Palace, Westminster, Middlesex, England
• Alternate death: 8 Jul 1307, Burgh-by-Sands, Carlisle, Cumberland, England

Notes:

Edward Longshanks, Hammer of the Scots, conqueror of Wales. Although he is acclaimed for his many administrative accomplishments and for establishing Parliament as a permanent institution, he also expelled the Jews from England; significant numbers of them returned only 350 years later. He was tall (6' 4"), personally intimidating, and rigid in personal morality, in marked contrast to most earlier post-Conquest English rulers.

Edward married Eleanor of Castile, Queen Consort of England on 18 Oct 1254 in Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain. Eleanor (daughter of St. Fernando III, King Of Castile, León, Galicia, Toledo, Córdoba, Jaén, and Seville and Jeanne de Dammartin) was born in 1240; died on 28 Nov 1290 in Hardby, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Marguerite of France, Queen Consort of England on 8 Sep 1299 in Canterbury, Kent, England. Marguerite (daughter of Philippe III, King of France and Marie of Brabant, Queen Consort of France) was born in 1279; died on 14 Feb 1317 in Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire, Engand; was buried in Christ Church Greyfriars, Newgate, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Beatrice married Jean II on 22 Jan 1260 in St.-Denis, Paris, France. Jean (son of Jean I and Blanche de Champagne) was born on 4 Jan 1239; died on 18 Nov 1309 in Lyons, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Earl of Leicester; Earl of Lancaster; Earl of Derby. Steward of England 1265; Keeper of the Isle of Lundy 1266; Warden of Sherborne Castle 1267; Lieutenant of Pothieu 1291; Lieutenant of Gascony 1296.

Nearly King of Sicily.

Summoned to Parliament by writ 24 Jun 1295; definitely far from the most interesting thing that ever happened to him.

From Wikipedia (as of 5 Dec 2023):

Edmund, 1st Earl of Lancaster (16 January 1245 – 5 June 1296), also known by his epithet Edmund Crouchback, was a member of the royal Plantagenet Dynasty and the founder of the first House of Lancaster. He was Earl of Leicester (1265–1296), Lancaster (1267–1296) and Derby (1269–1296) in England, and Count Palatine of Champagne (1276–1284) in France.

Named after the 9th-century saint, Edmund was the second surviving son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence and the younger brother of King Edward I of England, to whom he was loyal as a diplomat and warrior. In 1254, the 9-year-old Edmund became involved in the "Sicilian business", in which his father accepted a papal offer granting the Kingdom of Sicily to Edmund, who made preparations to become king. However, Henry III could not provide funds for the operation, prompting the Papacy to withdraw the grant and give it to Edmund's uncle, Charles I of Anjou. The "Sicilian business" outraged the barons led by the Earl of Leicester and Edmund's uncle, Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, and was cited as one of the reasons for limiting Henry's power. Deterioration of relations between the barons and the king resulted in the Second Barons' War, in which the royal government, supported by Edmund, triumphed over the baronage following the death of Montfort in the Battle of Evesham in 1265.

Edmund received the lands and titles of Montfort and the defeated barons Nicholas Segrave, 1st Baron Segrave and Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby, and became Earl of Lancaster, Leicester and Derby. Primarily known as the earl of the first county, he eventually became the most powerful baron of England. Later, Edmund accompanied his elder brother Edward on his crusade in the Holy Land, where his epithet "Crouchback" originated from a corruption of 'cross back', referring to him wearing a stitched cross on his garments. Following the death of his first wife, Aveline de Forz, Edmund's aunt and Dowager Queen of France Margaret of Provence arranged his second marriage to Blanche of Artois, the recently widowed Queen Dowager of Navarre and the Countess of Champagne. With his second wife Blanche, Edmund governed Champagne as count palatine in the name of his stepdaughter Joan until she came of age. Edmund was active in supporting his family members, such as assisting Edward in conquering Wales, advocating for the claims of his aunt Margaret against his uncle Charles I of Anjou in his mother and aunt's homeland of Provence and managing Ponthieu on behalf of his sister-in-law, Eleanor of Castile.

When Edmund's stepson-in-law, King Philip IV of France, demanded Edward, who was also his vassal through Gascony, to come to Paris to answer charges of damages caused by English mariners in 1293, Edward sent Edmund to mediate the crisis to avert war. Edmund negotiated an agreement with Philip where France would occupy Gascony for 40 days, and Edward would marry Philip's half-sister, Margaret. When the 40 days were over, Philip tricked Edward and Edmund by refusing to relinquish control over Gascony, calling Edward to again answer for his charges. Edmund and Edward then renounced their homages to Philip and prepared for war against France. Edmund sailed for Gascony with his army and besieged the city of Bordeaux. Unable to pay his troops, Edmund was deserted by his army and retreated to Bayonne, where he died from illness in 1296. Edmund's body was brought back to England, where he was buried in Westminster Abbey in 1301.

Edmund married Blanche of Artois on 18 Jan 1276 in Paris, France. Blanche (daughter of Robert of France and Mahaut of Brabant) was born about 1248; died on 2 May 1302 in Paris, France; was buried in Church of the Cordeliers, Paris, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: Aft 1315
• Alternate death: Bef 1319

Notes:

"[A]lias Joan Okeston, legally the daughter and heiress of Sir Alexander Okeston of Modbury, Devon." [Wikipedia]

Joan married Richard de Champernoun before 1281. Richard (son of Henry de Campo Arnulphi and Dionisia English) was born in of Inceworth, Cornwall, England; died between 1287 and 1290. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He was killed by an arrow at the siege of Berwick.

Richard married Joan before 1280. Joan died after 10 Oct 1321; was buried in Asthall, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margarethe married Albrecht II of Meissen in 1254. Albrecht (son of Heinrich von Meissen and Constance of Austria) was born in 1240; died on 20 Nov 1315. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of Nola.

From Wikipedia (accessed 14 Jun 2020):

He participated in the Battle of Evesham against the royalist forces of his uncle, King Henry III of England, and his cousin, Prince Edward. Both his father and elder brother were traumatically killed during the disastrous battle. Guy de Montfort was seriously wounded and captured.

He was held at Windsor Castle until spring 1266, when he bribed his captors and escaped to France to rejoin his exiled family. Guy and his brother, Simon the Younger, wandered across Europe for several years, eventually making their way to Italy.

Guy took service with Charles of Anjou, serving as his Vicar-General in Tuscany. He distinguished himself at the Battle of Tagliacozzo and was given Nola by Charles of Anjou.

In 1271, Guy and Simon discovered that their cousin Henry of Almain (son of Richard, Earl of Cornwall) was in Viterbo at the church of San Silvestro. In revenge for the deaths of their father and brother at Evesham, on 13 March 1271, Guy and Simon murdered Henry while he clutched the altar, begging for mercy. "You had no mercy for my father and brothers", was Guy's reply. This murder was carried out in the presence of the Cardinals (who were conducting a papal Election), of King Philip III of France, and of King Charles of Sicily. For this crime the Montfort brothers were excommunicated, and Dante banished Guy to the river of boiling blood in the seventh circle of his Inferno (Canto XII).

The news reached England, and King Edward I dispatched a clerk of the royal household to inform the northern counties and Scotland about the excommunication. Pope Gregory X wrote a letter (29 November 1273) to King Edward from Lyons, where he was preparing for an ecumenical council, that Cardinal Riccardo Annibaldi and Cardinal Giovanni Orsini were still in Rome and had been ordered to find a secure place of imprisonment in the territories of the Church for Guy de Montfort.

Simon died later that year at Siena, "cursed by God, a wanderer and a fugitive". Guy was stripped of his titles and took service with Charles of Anjou again, but was captured off the coast of Sicily in 1287 by the Aragonese at the Battle of the Counts. He died in a Sicilian prison.

Family/Spouse: Margherita Aldobranderschi. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 15 Jan 1256, of Bromfield, Denbighshire, Wales
• Alternate death: 15 Dec 1286, Croydon, Surrey, England

Notes:

Killed at a tournament; said to have been ambushed and slain by rivals.

William married Joan de Vere in 1284. Joan (daughter of Robert de Vere and Alice de Sanford) died about 23 Nov 1293; was buried in Lewes Priory, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate birth: 1251

Eleanor married Henry de Percy on 8 Sep 1268 in York, Yorkshire, England. Henry (son of William de Percy and Ellen de Balliol) was born about 1235 in of Topcliffe, Yorkshire, England; died on 29 Aug 1272; was buried in Sallay Abbey, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married Robert de Ferrers after 26 Jul 1249. Robert (son of William de Ferrers and Margaret de Quincy) was born about 1239; died about 1279; was buried in St. Thomas Priory, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Count of la Marche and Angoulême. In July 1270, he accompanied Louis IX of France on the Eighth Crusade, but he died shortly thereafter on the expedition to Tunis.

Hugh married Jeanne de Fougères on 29 Jan 1254 in Fougères, Brittany, France. Jeanne (daughter of Raoul de Fougères and Isabel de Craon) died after 18 Jun 1273; was buried in Sauvigny, Meuse, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Also called Alice de la Marche.

Alice married Gilbert de Clare in 1253. Gilbert (son of Richard de Clare and Maud de Lacy) was born on 2 Sep 1243 in Christchurch, Hampshire, England; died on 7 Dec 1295 in Monmouth Castle, Monmouthshire, Wales; was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alternate death: 5 Oct 1305

Isabel married John de Hastings after 15 Jul 1275. John (son of Henry de Hastings and Joan de Cantelowe) was born in of Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 10 Feb 1313; was buried in Grey Friars, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married John Comyn before 3 Sep 1296. John (son of John Comyn and Eleanor de Balliol) was born in of Badenoch, Scotland; died on 10 Feb 1306 in Dumfries, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]